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Application of non - destructive methods for assessing the condition of the runway pavement
No full textZračni promet razvojem civilnog zrakoplovstva postaje ključan za gospodarski i društveni razvoj. Izgradnjom aerodroma koji predstavljaju kapitalne investicije svake regije, postaje značajno pitanje upravljanja i održavanja prometne infrastrukture operativnih površina aerodroma. Uzletno-sletna staza kao najopterećeniji dio operativnih površina zahtjeva stalno i učinkovito održavanje kako bi se osigurala sigurnost zračnog prometa, što je jedan od najznačajnijih ciljeva održavanja. Održavanje aerodroma uključuje redovito čišćenje uzletno-sletne staze, preglede kolničkih površina i druge tehničke aspekte, uz uporabu nedestruktivnih metoda ispitivanja za rano otkrivanje nedostataka i potencijalnih problema. U okviru ovog rada napravljen je pregled nedestruktivnih ispitnih metoda koje su najčešće korištene metode na razini redovitog održavanja kolnika uzletno-sletnih staza. Detaljno je opisana metoda Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) i njena primjena. Praktičan dio diplomskog rada obuhvatio je primjenu GPR metode na segmentu uzletno-sletne staze Zračne luke Osijek i tumačenje rezultata kroz analizu radargrama.Air transport, with the development of civil aviation, is crucial for economic and social development. The construction of airports, which represent significant investments in every region, raises important questions about the management and maintenance of the operational infrastructure of airport facilities. The runway, as the most heavily used constituent of the operational areas, requires constant and efficient maintenance to ensure the safety of air traffic, which is one of the most significant maintenance objectives. Airport maintenance involves regular cleaning, examinations of pavement surfaces, and other technical aspects, using non-destructive methods for early noticing deformities and potential problems. In this study, analysis of non-destructive testing methods has been conducted, focusing on the most usual used methods for regular maintenance of runway pavements. The Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method and its implementation have been described in detail. The practical part of this thesis involves the application oft he GPR method on a segmen
Green roofs
No full textOzelenjivanje krovova ima dugu povijest te prvi poznati primjeri stariji su više od 3000 godina. Stari Rimljani izgradili su viseće vrtove kako bi ukrasili svoje građevine, a u skandinavskim zemljama tradicionalni sodovi pružali su izolaciju od hladnoće. Zeleni krovovi koji se danas izvode služe kao izolacija i kao ukras. Dijele se na ekstenzivne i intenzivne, a razlika među njima je u izboru bilja, debljini sloja, opterećenju i održavanju. Zeleni krovovi moraju se projektirati tako da zgrada može preuzeti stalna i promjenjiva opterećenja uslijed izvođenja zelenih krovova, a izbor kvalitetnog materijala daje odgovarajuću trajnost. Krovovi nagiba 1% do 35% (iznimno 45%) pogodna su površina za izvođenje zelenih krovova. Oni se sastoje od vegetacijskog, apsorbirajućeg, filtrirajućeg, drenažnog i zaštitnog sloja te svaki od njih ima odgovarajuću funkciju. Ovakav prirodan pokrov nudi brojne prednosti. Zeleni krovovi imaju izolacijska svojstva pa omogućavaju ugodne temperature u unutrašnjosti objekta tijekom cijele godine i na taj način smanjuju potrošnju energije. Biljke kroz proces fotosinteze stvaraju kisik i obogaćuju zrak koji udišemo te smanjuju ugljični dioksid, a i temperature su znatno manje u odnosu na asfaltne i betonske površine. Osim brojnih prednosti zeleni krovovi imaju neke nedostatke kao što je početna investicija. Zeleni krovovi predstavljaju dodatno opterećenje stoga je potrebno osigurati veću nosivost ili strukturalne potpore što je skupo. U svijetu sve češće se grade zeleni krovovi pogotovo u velikim gradovima gdje gotovo da nema zelenih površina. U Hrvatskoj zeleni krovovi još nisu toliko popularni, ali u Dalmaciji, Istri i na Kvarneru izgrađuje se i rekonstruira sve više objekata sa zelenim krovovima.Rooftop greening has a long history, with the earliest known examples dating back over 3,000 years. The ancient Romans built hanging gardens to decorate their buildings, and in Scandinavia, traditional sodas provided insulation from the cold. Today's green roofs serve both as insulation and as decoration. We divide them into extensive and intensive, and the difference between them is in plant selection, layer thickness, load and maintenance. Green roofs shall be designed so that the building can take on the continuous and variable loads resulting from the construction of green roofs, and the choice of a quality material will give adequate durability. For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply: They consist of a vegetative, absorbent, filtering, drainage and protective layer, each with a corresponding function. This natural covering offers us many advantages. Green roofs have insulating properties, providing comfortable indoor temperatures throughout the year and thus reducing energy consumption. Plants, through the process of photosynthesis, produce oxygen and, enrich the air we breathe and reduce carbon dioxide, and the temperatures are much lower than on asphalt and concrete surfaces. In addition to their many advantages, green roofs have disadvantages, such as initial investment. Green roofs represent an additional burden and, therefore, need to provide higher load-bearing or structural supports, which are expensive. Green roofs are becoming increasingly common worldwide, especially in large cities with almost no green space. In Croatia, green roofs are not yet so popular, but in Dalmatia, Istria and Kvarner, more and more buildings with green roofs are being built and reconstructed
The influence of aggregates on the thermal properties of foam concrete
No full textU radu je prikazana primjena pjenobetona i njegove prednosti u odnosu na normalni beton i ostale
materijalima koji se koriste u svrhu izolacije. Objašnjeno je kakav je utjecaj vrste, količine i veličine
agregata na pjenobeton i koje reciklirane materijale je najbolje koristiti. Promatrano je labaratorijsko
istraživanje na odreñenim recikliranim materijalima koji su se koristili kao zamjena za primarne
materijale te su navedene prednosti tog postupka i zaključak na istraživanje.The paper presents the application of foam concrete and its advantages compared to normal concrete
and other materials used for insulation purposes. It explains how aggregates' type, amount and size
affect foam concrete and which recycled materials are best to use. Laboratory research on certain
recycled materials that were used as a substitute for primary materials was observed, and the
advantages of this procedure and the conclusion of the research were stated
Architecture and Urban Design of Retfala South Business Zone
No full textTema rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko idejno rješenje poslovne zone Retfala Jug. Urbanističko rješenje proizlazi iz podjele na poslovnu i javnu namjenu koje se međusobno isprepliću stvarajući park, trg i sportsko rekreacijsku zonu. Kolni promet u potpunosti je upušen ispod šetnice koja prolazi duž obuhvata. Arhitektonsko rješenje proizlazi iz želje za stvaranjem mirnog i ugodnog prostora za rad i boravak. Poslovna zgrada nalazi se na jugoistoku obuhvata, uz sportsko rekreacijsku zonu i zelenilo. Sama zgrada podijeljena je na zone, a pročelje zgrade obogaćeno je zelenilom koje u poslovnom dijelu zgrade stvara opuštenije prostore za rad i odmor.The topic of the paper is the urban and architectural conceptual solution of the Retfala Jug business zone. The urban solution results from the division into business and public purposes, which intertwine to create a park, a square and a sports and recreation zone. Vehicular traffic is completely buried under the walkway that runs along the perimeter. The architectural solution stems from the desire to create a peaceful and pleasant space for work and living. The office building is located in the southeast of the complex, next to the sports and recreation area and greenery. The building itself is divided into zones, and the facade of the building is enriched with greenery, which creates more relaxed spaces for work and rest in the business part of the building
The calculation of a statically determined system
No full textZavršni rad sadrži dva statički određena sustava na kojima je napravljen proračun reakcija i unutarnjih sila služeći se varijacijom metoda. Metode korištene za proračun reakcija i unutarnjih sila nosača su analitička, grafoanalitička te kinematička metoda. Analitičkim postupkom su dobivene reakcije i dijagrami unutarnjih sila. Grafoanaitičkom metodom su određeni dijagrami unutarnjih sila. Kenmatičkom metodom proračuna su dobivene reakcije oslonaca i vrijednosti unutarnjih sila u presjeku. Dobivena riješenja ovim metodama su uspoređena sa riješenjima iz računalnog programa, u ovom je slučaju to Autodesk Robot structural Analasys
The infuluence of fly ash in mortar on its physical-mechanical properties and transimission of elecrtomagnetic waves
No full textU ovom završnom radu objašnjeno je što je mort, njegova primjena u građevinarstvu te su navedene i obrazložene sve njegove komponente. Objašnjeno je i što je leteći pepeo, njegova negativna svojstva kao otpadnog materijala kao i pozitivna svojstva koja pridonose kvaliteti materijala u raznim granama građevinarstva, posebno u cementnoj industriji. Provedena su istraživanja na uzorcima morta bez dodatka i s 5 %, 10 %, 15 % i 20 % dodatka letećeg pepela. Cilj istraživanja je pokazati kako leteći pepeo utječe na fizikalno – mehanička svojstva morta sa dodatkom letećeg pepela u odnosu na mort bez letećeg pepela te ima li učinka u sprječavanju prolaska elektromagnetskih valova. Analizom rezultata istraživanja pokazalo se da mješavina morta s dodatkom letećeg pepela od 15 % daje najveće vrijednosti čvrstoća u odnosu na referentnu mješavinu. Također se pokazalo da ista ta mješavina daje i najbolju zaštitu od prolaska elektromagnetskih valova.In this paper, it is explained what mortar is, its application in civil engineering, and all its components are listed and explained. It was also explained what fly ash is, its negative properties as a waste material, as well as its positive properties that contribute to the quality of the material in various branches of construction, especially in the cement industry. Research was conducted on mortar samples without addition of fly ash and with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% addition of fly ash. The goal of the research is to show how fly ash affects the physical-mechanical properties of mortar compared to mortar without fly ash and whether it has an effect in preventing the passage of electromagnetic waves. The analysis of the research results showed that the mortar mixture with the addition of 15% fly ash gives the highest strength values compared to the reference mixture. It has also been shown that the same mixture gives the best results in absorption of electromagnetic waves
Architecture and urban design of Gacka business zone
No full textIdejno urbanističko-arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne
zone Gacka. Na dobivenoj parceli, određenoj projektom
urbanizma, izrađeno je idejno arhitektonsko rješenje
poslovne zgrade za rad tvrtke koja se bavi ekološkom
poljoprivrednom proizvodnjom. Također izrađen je i
projekt konstrukcije i instalacija za navedenu zgradu.
Sama zgrada podijeljena je na glavnih pet cjelina;
uprava tvrtke, odjel za razvoj proizvoda, odjel za nabavu
i prodaju, multifunkcionalni izložbeni dio te odjel za
dizajn proizvoda, odnose s javnošću i marketing.
Poslovna zgrada oblikovana je tako da osigura vizualnu
komunikaciju s novom poslovnom zonom (zadana
parcela) i primarnom prometnicom (Ulica kneza
Trpimira) kao jednom od glavnih ulaza u grad.Architecture and urban design of the Gacka business
zone was our main goal. The design of a building on an
assigned lot was determined by an urban planning
project for a company engaged in organic agricultural
production. Installation and construction projects are
included. The building itself is divided into five main
units; company management, department of product
development, department for sales and purchasing,
multifunctional exhibition part, and product design,
public relations, and marketing department. The office
building is designed to provide visual communication
with the new business zone (assigned lot) and the
primary road (Street "Kneza Trpimira") as one of the
main entrances to the city
Modeling the Relation between Building Information Modeling and the Success of Construction Projects: A Structural-Equation-Modeling Approach
No full textOver the course of the last twenty years, building information modeling (BIM) has emerged as a firmly established construction methodology integrating fundamental principles. The implementation of BIM methodologies possesses the capability to augment the attainment of quality, cost, and schedule objectives in construction endeavors. Notwithstanding the widespread adoption of BIM in the construction sector, the execution of BIM-related tasks frequently suffers from the absence of established methodologies. The objective of this study was to create a BIM application model through an examination of the correlation between BIM integration and the achievement of overall project success (OPS) in construction endeavors. In order to develop the BIM application model, feedback was solicited from a cohort of fourteen industry experts who assessed a range of BIM activities in light of prior research. The data that were gathered underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in order to authenticate the results acquired from the expert interviews. Furthermore, construction professionals participated in structured surveys in order to evaluate the importance of said BIM practices. This study utilized partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to ascertain and authenticate the underlying framework and correlations between BIM implementation and OPS. The findings indicate a moderate correlation between the implementation of BIM and the success of a project wherein BIM is responsible for approximately 52% of the project’s overall success. To optimize project outcomes, it is recommended that construction companies prioritize the implementation of BIM practices. This study highlights the correlation between the utilization of BIM and favorable project results, emphasizing the necessity for the construction sector to adopt BIM as a revolutionary instrument to attain enhanced project achievements
Behavior of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete with Hybrid Synthetic Fiber Waste Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
No full textThe reinforcement of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with fibers was investigated in this study. Concrete is the most widely used manmade construction material, and UHPC has remarkable mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of UHPC can be modified by a variety of curing procedures and the amount of cement used. This study aimed to examine the impact of fiber reinforcement, temperature, and exposure time on UHPC. Initially, the temperature for UHPC was changed from 300 oC to 500 oC and the exposure time set to 1 and 2 h. Various combinations of the ultrasonic pulse, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting, modulus of elasticity, and drop hammer impact (impact resistance, impact energy, and ductility index) were investigated after 91 days of steam curing. For steam curing, the temperature was kept at 90 C for three days. The mechanical characteristics of UHPC were the primary focus of this research. The test results showed that the accelerated curing regime achieved a maximum compressive strength of 102.6 MPa for UHPC specimens without fibers and 124.7 MPa for UHPC specimens with fibers, which represents a 22% increase in compressive strength. When compared to UHPC without fibers, all the qualities of UHPC with fibers were improved, especially when subjected to high temperatures. The incorporation of hybrid synthetic waste fibers was a key aspect in developing new ultra-high-strength concrete features
Digitalna prezentacija modela građevine
No full textEuropski opservatorij građevinskog sektora (ECSO) prepoznao je tehnologiju 3D ispisa kao jednu od budućih strategija razvoja digitalne Europe. Uz ubrzanu urbanizaciju, nedostatak resursa i klimatske promjene, tehnologija 3D ispisa predstavlja jedno od mogućih načina za postizanje jeftinijeg i bržeg procesa gradnje. Inherentne karakteristike tehnologije 3D ispisa čine ju prirodno kompatibilnom s građevinarstvom. Zbog višenamjenske prirode BIM tehnologije, njezina primjena nije samo u vizualizaciji informacijskog modela građevine, nego i u povezivanju i prikazivanju pripadajućih procesa u različitim fazama projekta. Cilj rada je istražiti mogućnosti povezivanja tehnologije informacijskog modeliranja građevina (BIM tehnologije) s tehnologijom 3D ispisa te prikazati prednosti i nedostatke integracije navedenih tehnologija. Na praktičnom primjeru prikazat će se postupak 3D ispisa informacijskog modela građevine, od pripreme za ispis do realizacije