Repository of Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek
Not a member yet
2575 research outputs found
Sort by
Life cycle costs of thermal insulation materials
No full textUčinkovita upotreba energije postala je neophodna zbog sve većeg iscrpljivanja fosilnih goriva, a toplinska izolacija zgrada pokazuje se kao ključna metoda za smanjenje potrošnje energije. Primjenom toplinsko-izolacijskih materijala značajno se poboljšava energetska učinkovitost, smanjuje se ovisnost o sustavima grijanja i hlađenja te se smanjuju emisije CO2. Osim očuvanja energije, toplinsko-izolacijski materijali pružaju i druge prednosti, kao što su zaštita od požara, smanjenje buke te poboljšanje udobnosti prostora. Danas se najčešće koriste plastične pjene poput ekspandiranog polistirena (EPS) i ekstrudiranog polistirena (XPS) te mineralna vuna, dok se prirodni materijali koriste u manjoj mjeri. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je procjena troškova životnog ciklusa toplinsko-izolacijskih materijala, koja uključuje troškove proizvodnje, ugradnje, održavanja, uporabe, uklanjanja, transporta i deponiranja materijala. Posebno su analizirani troškovi za tri materijala: EPS, XPS i kamenu vunu. Rad pruža detaljne informacije o ukupnim troškovima životnog ciklusa svakog materijala, uspoređuje troškove između različitih materijala i faza životnog ciklusa te analizira njihova fizikalna svojstva, vijek trajanja i utjecaj na okoliš. Ovaj rad pridonosi boljem razumijevanju ekonomskih i ekoloških aspekata toplinsko-izolacijskih materijala u građevinskoj industriji.The efficient use of energy has become essential due to the increasing depletion of fossil fuels, and thermal insulation of buildings has emerged as a key method for reducing energy consumption. The application of thermal insulation materials significantly improves energy efficiency, reduces dependency on heating and cooling systems, and lowers CO2 emissions. Besides conserving energy, thermal insulation materials offer additional benefits such as fire protection, noise reduction, and enhanced comfort within spaces. Today, plastic foams like expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS), as well as mineral wool, are most commonly used, while natural materials are utilized to a lesser extent. The aim of this thesis is to assess the life cycle costs of thermal insulation materials, including the costs of production, installation, maintenance, usage, removal, transportation, and disposal of materials. The costs of three specific materials—EPS, XPS, and mineral wool—are particularly analyzed. This thesis provides detailed information on the total life cycle costs of each material, compares costs between different materials and life cycle phases, and analyzes their physical properties, lifespan, and environmental impact. This work contributes to a better understanding of the economic and ecological aspects of thermal insulation materials in the construction industry
Design of a steel frame structure
No full textCilj ovog završnog rada je proračun čeličnog okvira industrijske hale koja se nalazi u Karlovcu. Hala je dimenzija 35 x 17 m, visine stupa 6,5 m te ukupne visine 7,39 m sa nagibima greda 6°. Rad se sastoji od analize opterećenja na halu i određivanja mjerodavne kombinacije opterećenja te dimenzioniranja elemenata hale prema HRN EN normama. Stupovi se izvode od HEB čeličnih profila, grede od HEA čeličnih profila, a priključci stup-greda su ojačani vutama. Svi elementi okvira izvode se čelikom S235. Statička analiza provedena je na ravninskom modelu u programu Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis.The aim of this thesis is to calculate the steel frame of an industrial hall located in Karlovac. The hall's dimensions are 35 x 17 m, column height 6.5 m and 7.39 m in total height with 6° beam inclinations. The thesis consists of analyzing the load on the hall and determining the relevant combination of loads and dimensioning of the hall elements according to HRN EN standards. Columns are made from HEB steel sections, beams from HEA steel sections, and the column-beam connections are reinforced with haunches. All elements are made of S235 steel. The static analysis was performed on a plane model in the Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis program
Architecture and urban design of Retfala south business zone
No full textTema završnog rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne zone Retfala - jug, smještene na zapadnom dijelu grada Osijeka. Urbanističko rješenje poslovne zone i položaj pojedinih zgrada proizašli su iz teme humanizacije velike površine kroz stvaranje mikroambijenata različitim rasporedom zgrada. Ostvarena je gradacija zgrada po visini od jugozapada prema sjeveroistoku, kao i gradacija ambijenata prema razini intimnosti u tom smjeru. Dobivena lokacija za daljnju razradu nalazi se na jugozapadu uz glavni ulaz u obuhvat, čime položaj parcele postaje prva točka u razvijanju koncepta. Ideja je stvoriti prepoznatljiv akcent u prostoru, jasno vidljiv s prilazeće prometnice. Odabrani način postizanja statusa prostornog akcenta je kroz agresivno eruptirajuće zelenilo, čije je ishodište u samoj unutrašnjosti poslovne zgrade i orijentirano prema prometnici s jugozapada. Tako, zelenilom okupirana i prošupljena zgrada postaje podijeljena na dvije zone: donju zonu uprave i gornju zonu odjela za rad, u odnosu na prošupljenu etažu trećeg kata, koja, iako dijeli zgradu, uz etažu iznad služi kao žarišna točka okupljanja radnika i posjetitelja. Distopijski koncept oblikovanja pruža utopijski način rada i odmora, izbljeđujući granice između vanjskog i unutrašnjeg prostora.The topic of the final paper is the urban and architectural solution of the Retfala South business zone in the western part of the city of Osijek. The urban design of the business zone and the position of individual buildings are threaded through the theme of humanizing a large area by creating micro-environments through a diverse layout of buildings. A gradation of buildings in height from southwest to northeast was achieved, along with a gradation of ambiences according to the level of intimacy in the previously mentioned direction. The designated site for further development is located in the southwest next to the main entrance to the area, making this plot the first point in the development of the concept. The goal is to create a recognizable accent in the space, clearly visible from the approaching road. The chosen method of establishing the status of a spatial accent is through aggressive erupting greenery, originating from the very interior of the office building and oriented towards the road from the southwest. Thus, the building, occupied and hollowed out by greenery, is divided into two zones: the lower zone of administration and the upper zone of the labor department, relative to the hollowed-out floor of the third level, which, while dividing the building, also serves as a focal point for the gathering of workers and visitors. The dystopian design concept provides a utopian way of working and resting, thereby fading the boundaries between outdoor and indoor spaces
Architecture and urban design of Retfala south business zone
No full textZadatak završnog rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne zone Retfala-jug, koja se nalazi na jugozapadnom dijelu grada Osijeka, na ulazu u sam grad, u neposrednoj blizini dva trgovačka centra. Na osnovu analize postojećeg stanja, urbanističko rješenje predviđa osam parcela unutar zadanog obuhvata, od kojih je sedam namijenjeno za poslovne zgrade. Sve zgrade unutar obuhvata imaju istu tipologiju, a to je kombinacija lamele i tornja. Arhitektonsko rješenje fokusira se na poslovnu zgradu integriranu s urbanističkim rješenjem, prepoznajući dijagonalni priljev korisnika iz pravca sjeverozapada prema jugu. Ta dijagonala se proteže kroz zgradu smještenu na južnom dijelu obuhvata, te se ponavlja na svim etažama i u oblikovanju fasade. S obzirom na to da se projektirana zgrada nalazi na ulazu u grad, a da se u Osijeku pojavljuju zgrade javne namjene s karakterističnom crvenom vanjskom bojom, kao materijal fasade odabran je corten čelik, poznat po svojoj crvenkastoj nijansi. Na taj način, zgrada dobiva karakterističnu boju koja je prepoznatljiva za grad, stvarajući na svojstven način genius loci poslovne zone, ali i samoga grada. Kosi zeleni krovovi, zadani urbanističkim rješenjem, orijentirani su prema jugu. Oni su prohodni, a karakteristična dijagonala je opločena i koristi se za sjedenje, ljetno kino ili druženje, dok je ostatak krova prekriven zelenilom.The task of the final thesis is the urban and architectural solution of the Retfala South business zone, located in the southwestern part of the city of Osijek, at the entrance to the city itself, in close proximity to two shopping centers. Based on the analysis of the existing situation, the urban design envisages eight plots within the given scope, seven of which are intended for office buildings. All the buildings within the scope share the same typology, which is a combination of a lamella and a tower. The architectural solution focuses on an office building that is integrated with the urban design, recognizing the diagonal influx of users from the northwest to the south. This diagonal extends through the building located in the southern part of the perimeter and is repeated on all floors and in the facade design. Given that the designed building is situated at the city entrance, and public buildings in Osijek often feature a characteristic red exterior color, corten steel with its distinctive reddish hue was chosen as the façade material. This choice imparts a recognizable character to the building, creating a genius loci for the business zone as well as for the city itself. The sloping green roofs, dictated by the urban design, are oriented to the south. These roofs are walkable, with the characteristic diagonal paved for seating, summer cinema, or socializing, while the remainder of the roof is covered with greenery
Architectural-urban design of Retfala - south business zone
No full textTema rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne zone koja je smještena na rubu Retfale. Urbanističkim rješenjem definirali smo devet parcela, od kojih je osam namijenjeno poslovnoj namjeni, dok je na parceli koja se nalazi na zapadu zamišljen toranj kulturne namjene. Ovim projektom izrađuje se idejno rješenje za poslovnu zgradu koja se nalazi na sjevero-zapadnoj parceli obuhvata. Zgrada je definirana šetnicom na južnoj strani, te jednim od tri glavna ulaza u obuhvat prema urbanističkom rješenju. Zgradu karakteriziraju četiri betonske forme koje se ističu materijalom i oblikovanjem. Ove forme su vidljive na fasadi i služe kao jasni ulazi u samu zgradu, naglašeni s južne i zapadne strane.The subject of the work is the urban and architectural solution for the business zone located on the edge of Retfala. The urban planning solution defines nine plots, eight of which are designated for business purposes, while an imaginary tower intended for cultural purposes is planned for the western plot. This project presents a conceptual design for an office building situated on the northwestern plot. The building is defined by a promenade on the south side and one of the three main entrances to the area as outlined in the urban plan. The structure is characterized by four concrete forms distinguished by their material and design. These forms are prominent on the facade and serve as clear entrances to the building, highlighted on the south and west sides
Architectural - urban design of Retfala - south business zone
No full textTema završnog rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne zone Retfala - jug, smještene u zapadnom dijelu grada Osijeka. Idejno urbanističko rješenje određuje položaj osam poslovnih zgrada unutar zadanog obuhvata, koji je zamišljen kao šetnica uz konstrukciju koja omogućuje proizvodne i razne druge sadržaje. Arhitektonsko rješenje obuhvaća projekt jedne od poslovnih zgrada, gdje arhitektonski koncept uspoređuje poslovne i javne elemente, stvarajući dva različita ambijenta. Prioritet je spojiti ta dva suprotna ambijenta u cjelinu i povezati ih zelenilom.The final paper explores the urban and architectural design for the Retfala South business zone, located in the western part of Osijek. The conceptual urban plan establishes the placement of eight office buildings within the given area, envisioned as a promenade with a structure that accommodates production and various other uses. The architectural design focuses on one of the office buildings, where the concept juxtaposes business and public elements to create two distinct environments. The primary objective is to merge these contrasting spaces into a unified whole and connect them with greenery
Optimization of reinforced concrete frame with masonry infill using the pushover method
No full textU diplomskom radu analizirani i optimizirani su armiranobetonski okviri sa zidanim ispunom. Cilj rada je bio shvatiti utjecaj zidanog ispuna na nosivost i krutost armiranobetonskih okvira. U radu smo za optimizaciju armiranobetonske konstrukcije provodili tako što smo varirali dimenzije konstruktivnih elemenata (stupova), koeficijent armiranja istih, te smo varirali karakteristike zidanog ispuna. Zidani ispun smo podijelili u tri kategorije: slabi, srednje jaki i jaki ispun. Analizu konstrukcije provodili smo metodom postupnog guranja ili pushover metodom. Uspoređivani su međukatni pomaci kao i pomaci na vrhu konstrukcije s obzirom na zadano horizontalno opterećenje. Odnosno uspoređivali smo krivulje kapaciteta nosivosti kako bi odabrali najoptimalniji model ovog tipa konstrukcije. Kroz ovaj diplomski rad došli smo do zaključka da zidani ispun bitno pridonosi krutosti i nosivosti konstrukcije i bitno utječe na cjelokupno ponašanje konstrukcije pod horizontalnim opterećenjem. Ovakav oblik konstrukcija bitno je pravilno izmodelirati, te pažljivo uzeti u obzir rubne uvjete konstrukcije.Reinforced concrete frames with masonry infill were analyzed and optimized in the thesis. The goal of the work was to understand the impact of masonry infill on the load capacity and stiffness of reinforced concrete frames. In our work, we optimized the reinforced concrete structure by varying the dimensions of the structural elements (columns), their reinforcement coefficient, and by varying the characteristics of the masonry infill. We have divided the masonry infill into three categories: weak, medium, and strong infill. We carried out the analysis of the construction using the gradual pushing method or the pushover method. Inter-story displacements as well as displacements at the top of the structure were compared with respect to the given horizontal load. That is, we compared the load capacity curves in order to choose the most optimal model of this type of construction. Through this thesis, we concluded that the masonry infill significantly contributes to the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the structure and significantly affects the overall behavior of the structure under horizontal load. It is important to properly model this form of construction, and carefully consider the boundary conditions of the construction
Architectural - urban design of Retfala - south business zone
No full textema završnog rada je urbanističko i arhitektonsko rješenje poslovne zone Retfala-jug na jugozapadnom rubu grada. Lokacija predstavlja frekventnu zonu ulaska u grad. Cilj urbanističke kompozicije bilo je stvoriti karakterističnu sliku grada ove zone utopljene u ravninski krajolik s prugom na sjeveru, velikim trgovačkim centrom na jugu i poljima u neposrednoj blizini. Kompozicija od osam poslovnih zgrada koje postepeno prelaze iz tornjeva, hibridnih zgrada u lamelu te dva akcenta u formi hotela na zapadu i tržnice na istoku ima za cilj stvoriti dinamična pročelja, ali i u samom središtu propustiti šetnicu/strukturu/instalaciju koja može udomiti različite sadržaje Zbog svoje ortogonalne konstrukcije ona može podržati usitnjene sadržaje koji odgovaraju na temu suvremenog poslovnog kampusa i privlačnog radnog okruženja do toga da cijela struktura postane u službi jednog sadržaja poput izložbenog prostora, Osječki biennale, ili u održivom smjeru vertikalnih vrtova. Na takve postavke urbanizma odgovara i sama zgrada. Ona svojim prošupljenom, atrijskom lamelom s prizemljem na stupovima propušta kretnju i sadržaje kroz svoje tijelo te čini natkriven vanjski prostor dostupan svima u prizemlju. Iznad prizemlja podiže se kat javnog karaktera te se na sljedećim etažama nižu poslovni sadržaji. Sami tornjevi tretirani su kao dvije suprotnosti. Zapadni predstavlja viziju suvremenog poslovnog tornja kako svojom vanjskom pojavom tako i konstrukcijom. On na sebe preuzima sve zadane programe i čini komunikaciju jasnom, a samu organizaciju funkcionalnom. Drugi toranj koristi lagan materijal, čelik, predstavlja ideju rada budućnosti, hibridno radno mjesto, u ugodnom okruženju i fleksibilnom radnom prostoru uvijek dostupnom za okupljanja zaposlenika ili povremeni rad zamijenjen radom od kuće. On pruža doprinos zajednici jer je obavijen rampom kojom toranj postaje vidikovac, pruža fluidnost u kretanju, ali i vertikalni vrt s mogućim uzgojem odnosno proizvodnjom kao temom urbanizma. Sama ideja vidikovca iskorištena je zbog nesmetanih pogleda koji se otvaraju na sjeveru grad Osijek, na jugu urbanistička instalacija te plodna slavonska polja koja se gotovo u jednoj liniji na horizontu spajaju s nebom. Da njihova podjela ne postane do kraja stroga u zapadni toranj dodani su moduli to jest "baloni" koji spajaju samostalni odmor s prirodom, imajući u vidu opterećenost poslovnih prostora, a u drugi zajednički radni prostori i manji radni prostori koji mogu postati i pojedinačni te odmor koji nije izdvojen u samostalni kako bi se sačuvala komunikacija i susret zaposlenika koja se ovakvim načinom rada opada. Zgrada u urbanističkom kontekstu s tri strane gradi čvrsta, ravna pročelja pretpostavljena urbanizmom kako bi se jasnije očitavala sama ideja prostora dok strana prema instalaciji uvlačenjem svoje forme uvlači i posjetitelje te djeluje nagriženo samom idejom zelenila.The topic of this thesis is the urban and architectural solution for the Retfala South business zone located on the southwestern edge of the city. This location represents a frequented entry zone into the city. The goal of the urban composition was to create a distinctive cityscape in this area, integrated into the flat landscape with a railway to the north, a large shopping center to the south, and fields in the immediate vicinity. The composition of eight business buildings, transitioning from towers, hybrid buildings to a linear structure, with two accents in the form of a hotel in the west and a market in the east, aims to create dynamic facades. In the center, it allows for a promenade/structure/installation that can house various contents. Due to its orthogonal construction, it can support fragmented contents that respond to the theme of a modern business campus and an attractive work environment. The entire structure can also serve a single purpose, such as an exhibition space, Osijek Biennale, or sustainable vertical gardens. The building itself responds to these urban settings. Its perforated, atrium-like structure with a ground floor on stilts allows for movement and content to flow through it, creating a covered outdoor space accessible to everyone on the ground floor. Above the ground floor is a public floor, followed by business contents on the upper floors. The towers themselves are treated as two opposites. The western tower represents the vision of a modern business tower both in appearance and construction. It takes on all the assigned programs and makes communication clear and organization functional. The other tower uses lightweight material, steel, representing the idea of the work of the future, hybrid workplace in a pleasant environment and a flexible workspace always available for employee gatherings or occasional work from home. It contributes to the community by being surrounded by a ramp that turns the tower into an observation deck, providing fluid movement and a vertical garden with potential cultivation and production as a theme of urbanism. The idea of the observation deck is used to take advantage of unobstructed views of the city of Osijek to the north, the urban installation to the south, and the fertile Slavonian fields that almost merge with the sky on the horizon. To avoid a strict division, the western tower is equipped with modules, or "balloons," that connect individual relaxation with nature, considering the workload of business spaces. The other tower contains shared workspaces and smaller workspaces that can also become individual, maintaining communication and meetings among employees that would decline with this way of working. The building, in an urban context, constructs solid, straight facades on three sides as defined by the urbanism to clearly manifest the idea of space, while the side facing the installation, with its recessed form, draws in visitors and appears eroded by the idea of greenery
Architecture and urban design of Retfala south business zone
No full textCilj urbanističkog zadatka je transformacija planirane poslovne zone na jugu Retfale u reprezentativan ulaz u grad Osijek. Glavni ciljevi uključuju rješavanje postojećih problema prometnih gužvi i nedostatka javnih sadržaja, zelenila i prometne povezanosti. Zona će obuhvaćati aktivne prostore za posjetitelje i poslovne ljude, mirnije zone za stanovnike te prijelazne prostore koji balansiraju ove dvije potrebe. Koncept će se realizirati kroz gradiranje visina i oblika arhitekture od viših zgrada na zapadu do nižih na ekološki orijentiranom istoku. Posebna pažnja bit će posvećena pješačkim koridorima koji povezuju različite dijelove naselja i olakšavaju kretanje pješaka. Koncept zgrade temelji se na ideji gradacije prostora, gdje se od prizemlja prema najvišem katu prostor postupno mijenja od otvorenog do zatvorenijeg. Prizemlje je zamišljeno kao open plan, s otvorenim i prostranim rasporedom koji omogućava fleksibilnost i slobodu kretanja. Na višim katovima prostori postaju sve više podijeljeni i pregrađeni, stvarajući osjećaj privatnosti i ekskluzivnosti na četvrtom katu. Ovaj pristup gradacije omogućava različite funkcionalnosti na različitim katovima i reflektira urbanistički koncept poslovne zone baziran na gradaciji visina zgrada.The goal of the urban planning task is to transform the planned business zone in southern Retfala into a representative entrance to the city of Osijek. The main objectives include addressing existing issues of traffic congestion and the lack of public amenities, greenery, and transportation connectivity. The zone will encompass active spaces for visitors and business people, quieter areas for residents, and transitional spaces balancing these two needs. The concept will be realized through the gradation of building heights and architectural forms, from taller buildings in the west to lower, more ecologically oriented buildings in the east. Special attention will be given to pedestrian corridors that connect different parts of the settlement and facilitate pedestrian movement. The building concept is based on the idea of spatial gradation, where the space gradually changes from open to more enclosed from the ground floor to the top floor. The ground floor is designed as an open plan with an open and spacious layout that allows flexibility and freedom of movement. On the upper floors, the spaces become increasingly divided and partitioned, creating a sense of privacy and exclusivity on the fourth floor. This gradation approach allows for different functionalities on different floors and reflects the urban concept of the business zone based on the gradation of building heights
Architecture and urban design of Retfala south business zone
No full textPoslovna zgrada nalazi se u poslovnoj zoni Retfala jug na jugozapadnom dijelu grada Osijeka. Ideja koncepta bila je ostvariti izmicanje punih i praznih volumena vidljivih na pročeljima zgrade, što je postignuto različitim rasporedom manjih i većih punih volumena (ureda) po etažama i ubacivanjem praznih volumena (terasa) između njih. Ideja izmicanja prenosi se i na krov, gdje se izmicanje postiže podizanjem stropova prostorija u različitim visinama, postavljanjem brisoleja kao zaštite od sunca iznad zelenih terasa te krovnim prozorima. Izmicanje se postiže i u unutrašnjosti zgrade pomoću galerija na svakom katu, koje su različitih veličina i organskih formi kako bi se razbila monotonost pravokutnih tlocrtnih oblika.The office building is located in the Retfala South business zone, in the southwestern part of the city of Osijek. The idea of the concept was to achieve the dodging of full and empty volumes visible on the facades of the building, which was achieved by different arrangements of smaller and larger full volumes (offices) on the stories and inserting empty volumes (terraces) between them. The idea of dodging is also transferred to the roof, where dodging is achieved by raising the ceilings of the rooms at different heights, by installing brisolei as protection from the sun above the green terraces, and skylights. Dodging is also achieved in the interior of the building by means of galleries on each story, which are of different sizes with organic form in order to break the monotony of the rectangular floor plan forms