5257 research outputs found
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Successful programming and robotics teaching experiences in basic and secondary education [Experiencias exitosas de enseñanza de programación y robótica en educación básica y media]
No full textThe accelerated evolution of technology in the world has generated great demand for professionals specialized in computer science, and particularly in programming and robotics. This implies that basic and secondary education include in the curricula and classroom plans activities for children to venture into the area in a practical, simple and contextualized manner. So, they can prepare themselves to be digital citizens and at the same time meet the society demands. This need is known by the educational institutions of the city of Medellin (Colombia), which are advancing a project whose objective is to design and evaluate a strategy of didactic-curricular intervention for training in robotics and programming from pre-garden to eleventh grade of secondary education. The first objective in the initiative is to carry out an exploration of the successful teaching strategies in the aforementioned area. Next, the results of this task are presented, showing that the teaching-learning process of robotics and programming still has aspects to improve in terms of content, infrastructure, teaching, teacher training and support tools. Some approaches are complicated and not very fun for the target audience. There are some practices that are being carried out in other countries and even schools in Medellín and Colombia and it is worth repeating them to generate motivation in the students. © 2019 AISTI
New insights on the influence of low frequency pulsed current on the characteristics of PEO coatings formed on AZ31B
No full textIn this work, anodic oxide layers on the surface of an AZ31 magnesium alloy were obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process under low frequency pulsed current. For this, electrolytical solutions containing hexamethylenetetramine and sodium fluoride were used. The morphology and chemical composition of formed coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, salt spray test, hydrogen evolution and electrochemical tests (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were conducted in order to study the corrosion behavior of the coated samples. It was found that the use of low frequency pulsed current for the PEO process reduces the film porosity and increases its thickness, compared with PEO films obtained by continuous anodization. The effect of the pulsed current signal was also analyzed for a two steps PEO process, observing changes in the morphological characteristics of the coatings which allow a better corrosion according electrochemical tests (short term corrosion measurements). However, long term tests results as hydrogen evolution and salt spray tests, indicated the opposite. Both the film porosity and thickness were affected by either the pulsing of the current or the use of a two-step process. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd
Psychological predictors of suicide risk in university students [Predictores psicológicos del riesgo suicida en estudiantes universitarios]
No full textThis work shows the risk factors and psychological predictors associated with suicidal behavior in university students in Manizales and Medellín (Colombia). The sample comprised 1408 students. Plutchik s suicide risk, Beck s despair and depression and Barratt impulsivity scales were used. A suicide risk factor of 23.2% was found. Binary regression analysis shows that depression (OR= 1.2), impulsivity (OR= 1.04), hopelessness (OR= 1.1), suicide attempt (OR= 31.5), mental illness and family suicide attempt (OR= 2.2, OR= 2.1) explain between 41% and 62% of the variance of suicide risk. Through a structural equation modeling analysis, three explanatory models were established that show mental illness and suicide attempt in the family (model 1), impulsivity (model 2), and a history of suicide attempt by the student (model 3) are suicide mediating variables. The greatest total effect occurred in model 3, which explains 62.7% of the variation in suicide risk. © 2019, Fundacion VECA. All rights reserved
Approach to urban planning in Colombia. Notes for a historical understanding [Aproximación a la planeación urbana en Colombia. Apuntes para su comprensión histórica]
No full textThe purpose of this article is to describe the history of urban planning in Colombia, based on the definition of four fundamental stages that group the characteristics and their evolution in the country. Each stage denotes a set of characteristics that were establishing the practices and the most connoted conditions in that country, according to the national or international tendencies in front of the urbanism processes. Also, there are evidences related to social processes, which do not exclusively define growth or urban expansion as a physical fact, but as an articulation of a number of social variables in the construction of the urban fabric. D.R. © 2019. Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 Internaciona
Common aspects of the Chicago and Harvard schools of antitrust analysis: The neo-institutional contribution [Aspectos comunes de las escuelas de Chicago y Harvard en materia de libre competencia: El aporte del neoinstitucionalismo]
No full textOn the understanding that Harvard and Chicago Schools postulates, this paper conducts a comparative analysis between those and the conceptual pillars of the Neo-institutional School. Within the framework of traditional disputes between Chicago and Harvard Schools, the advances of neoinstitutionalism, might explain how both Schools support different purposes for competition law, but rely on the same origins, since the two of them were created to fight harmful excess of market power and corporate mergers. It is in that context, the neoinstitutionalism explains how processes of market power and concentration can emerge, going beyond what traditional perspectives have considered about them. © 2019, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. All rights reserved
Contributions of the Melanopsin-Expressing Ganglion Cells, Cones, and Rods to the Pupillary Light Response in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
No full textPurpose: To investigate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the contribution of inner and outer retinal photoreceptors to the pupillary light response (PLR). Methods: Ninety-three eyes from 27 patients with OSA and 25 healthy controls were tested. OSA severity was graded according to the apnea-hypopnea index. PLR was measured monocularly with an eye tracker in a Ganzfeld in response to 1-second blue (470 nm) and red (640 nm) flashes at -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, and 2.4 log cd/m2. Peak pupil constriction amplitude, peak latency, and the postillumination pupil response were measured. The Cambridge Colour Test, standard automatic perimetry, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, polysomnography, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Results: OSA patients have a significantly decreased peak pupil constriction amplitude for blue stimuli at -3, -2, -1, 1 log cd/m2 and at all red flash luminances (P < 0.050), revealing reduction of outer retina contributions to PLR. OSA patients showed reduced peak latency for blue (-2, 0, 2, 2.4 log cd/m2) and red stimuli (-2, 0 log cd/m2; P < 0.040). No significant difference was found in the melanopsin-mediated PLR. Conclusions: This study is the first to evaluate the inner and outer retinal contributions to PLR in OSA patients. The results showed that the outer retinal photoreceptor contributions to PLR were affected in moderate and severe OSA patients. In contrast, the inner retina contributions to PLR are preserved
Spatial Variability Analysis of Quality of Life and Its Determinants: A Case Study of Medellín, Colombia
No full textAccording to the Gini indicator, Medellín the capital of the Department of Antioquia, Colombia has been considered the most unequal city in Colombia for several consecutive years with regard to inequity in its residents quality of life (QoL) level. Therefore, this research mainly aimed to explore the spatial variations in the QoL of households and the determinants that explain it, using some geographically weighted techniques. This analysis becomes substantial when it is intended to contribute to government policies and programs that seek the well-being of individuals. For this purpose, an indicator that integrated both objective and subjective variables to measure the QoL of households in Medellín was constructed. The local and global spatial autocorrelation indexes were used to visualize and analyze the geographic structure of the quality of life indicator. The global or conventional principal components analysis and the geographically weighted principal components analysis were used to identify spatial trends and explore the spatial variations of the determinants that explain the QoL, respectively. The results confirm that the QoL and the factors explaining it are highly spatially heterogeneous in Medellín, being extremely supportive of appropriate authorities for spatial planning and developing strategies that help to improve the living conditions of homes in the city. © 2019, Springer Nature B.V
Business intelligence applied to ecotourism in Colombia: A case study using CRISP-DM Methodology [Inteligencia de negocios aplicada al ecoturismo en Colombia: Un caso de estudio aplicando la metodología CRISP-DM]
No full textTourism is a relevant economic activity for the Colombian government and given the comparative advantages that the country has, ecotourism is a prioritized focus on productive development. For tourism, the government has developed a series of information systems that allow territorial entities to make decisions and inform themselves about the activity, however these may not consider variables related to sustainable development. In this paper we propose an Information System for Nature Tourism in Colombia, where through the use of CRISP-DM, we obtain a functional prototype that allows the visualization of different variables relevant to ecotourism, in order to identify opportunities and gaps in the departments of Colombia. The prototype is socialized with experts and evidence that the system is useful to analyze the business and a series of recommendations are left for the scalability of the exercise. © 2019 AISTI
Fortalecimiento de la comprensión lectora inferencial a partir de la lectura de textos biográficos en el grado tercero de la escuela Niño Jesús Palenque de Quibdó
Get PDFEl informe escrito de esta investigación tuvo por objeto diseñar e implementar una propuesta didáctica para el fortalecimiento de la comprensión inferencial de textos informativos, utilizando como recurso didáctico la lectura de textos biográficos. Las estrategias se organizaron en forma de talleres, trabajados con los estudiantes de tercer grado de la Escuela Niño Jesús Palenque del municipio de Quibdó, Colombia. Se utilizó la investigación de tipo cuasi experimental, es decir, un antes, un durante y un después, y los enfoques cuantitativo y cualitativo de investigación, lo cual permitió elaborar y aplicar una propuesta didáctica de corte cognitivo, sustentado en recoger parte de las experiencias previas del estudiante, y en los talleres trabajados, a fin de dar resolución al objetivo planteado. Evaluado el proceso de intervención con la propuesta, arrojó resultados positivos en el fortalecimiento de las habilidades de comprensión lectora inferencial en los estudiantes que participaron en el proceso. Como conclusión se registra que la propuesta de fortalecimiento de la lectura inferencial desde los textos biográficos, fue eficaz de acuerdo al objetivo planteado en la investigación, al evidenciar mejores resultados en la comprensión inferencial por parte de los estudiantes. Sumado a esto, el trabajo realizado permitió a los estudiantes, sentir un mejor reconocimiento del texto, como agentes activos de la lectura y ver lo como algo inconcluso que está esperando a que el lector lo cuestione, lo juzgue e interactúe con él.The objective of this written report of this research was to design and implement a didactic proposal to strengthen the inferential understanding of informative texts, using as a didactic resource the reading of biographical texts. The strategies were organized in the form of workshops, worked with the third grade students of the Niño Jesus Palenque School in the municipality of Quibdó, Colombia. Quasi-experimental research was used, that is, a before, a during and after, and the quantitative and qualitative research approaches; which allowed to elaborate and apply a didactic proposal of cognitive type, based on collecting part of the previous experiences of the student, and in the workshops worked, that gave resolution to the proposed objective. Once the intervention process was evaluated with the proposal, it showed positive results in the strengthening of inferential reading comprehension skills in the students who participated in the process. In conclusion, it is recorded that the proposal to strengthen inferential reading from biographical texts was effective according to the objective set in the investigation, by showing better results in inferential understanding by students. In addition to this, the work done allowed the students to feel better recognition as active agents of reading and see the text read as something unfinished that is waiting for the reader to question, judge and interact with it.Magister en EducaciónMaestrí
Concepto de experiencia humana, jóvenes y violencia
Get PDFCon el ánimo de ubicar algunos referentes conceptuales que ayudan a orientar el libro como una construcción que, naturalmente tiene múltiples matices, dado la diferencia de las posturas de los investigadores en los diferentes contextos de los estudios que representan el contexto de la obra, el presente capítulo ubica una reflexión que contempla en la primera parte la forma como se relaciona la interacción simbólica y la construcción de estructuras de sentido en la experiencia humana, lo cual busca explicar cómo la realidad en que vivimos es construida a partir de las representaciones simbólicas e lo real. Posteriormente, se alude al concepto de juventud y jóvenes en el sentido de ubicar que la intencionalidad para el caso de este libro enfatiza más en los jóvenes que en su abstracción representada en la categoría juventud, por cuanto dicha categoría enmarca el lugar epistemológico de la condición juvenil, entre tanto que la categoría de jóvenes va más orientada a la acción de los mismos como parte de los procesos de violencia, pero también de la construcción de acciones de paz y convivencia. Finalmente, se hace un breve acercamiento al concepto de violencia, partiendo de la premisa que esta en esencia implica una categoría construida socialmente a partir de estructuras simbólicas de lenguaje y sentido de actuación contextual por los actores sociales