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Emancipatory housing. A secular, operational and multidirectional utopia
Get PDFLa vivienda ha dejado de ser, en muchos contextos, un espacio de refugio, convivencia y derecho, para convertirse en objeto de especulación, herramienta de exclusión y síntoma de un sistema cada vez más deshumanizado. Frente a este panorama, este monográfico se articula en torno a una idea que, sin ser nueva, cobra hoy renovada urgencia: la vivienda emancipatoria. Un concepto abierto, plural y operativo, que se propone como horizonte de posibilidad para repensar el habitar más allá de los límites del mercado. Este número reúne una serie de contribuciones que, desde distintas disciplinas, escalas y geografías, exploran cómo puede concebirse, proyectarse o vivirse una vivienda que no solo cobije, sino que libere; que no se limite a responder a necesidades materiales, sino que active derechos, vínculos y formas de vida dignas. En estas páginas encontrarán propuestas surgidas desde el feminismo de los cuidados, la autogestión latinoamericana, las cooperativas de vivienda, el pensamiento crítico o las pedagogías arquitectónicas alternativas. Todas ellas comparten una voluntad común: cuestionar el paradigma dominante y trazar nuevas cartografías de posibilidad. Lejos de ofrecer una única respuesta, el monográfico apuesta por una mirada coral, que reconozca la complejidad del problema habitacional y la necesidad de abordarlo desde múltiples frentes: legales, arquitectónicos, sociales, económicos y culturales. La vivienda emancipatoria se presenta aquí como una utopía secular, no totalizadora, pero sí orientadora; como un límite asintótico que nos ayuda a imaginar, desear y construir otros futuros posibles. Invitamos al lector a recorrer este número como quien se adentra en un coro de voces diversas pero articuladas, que no pretenden cerrar el debate, sino abrirlo desde la esperanza crítica y el compromiso con una vida más habitable para todos.Housing has, in many contexts, ceased to be a space of shelter, community and rights, and instead become an object of speculation, a tool of exclusion, and a symptom of an increasingly dehumanised system. In response to this situation, this special issue revolves around an idea that, while not entirely new, has gained renewed urgency: emancipatory housing. This is understood as an open, plural and operative concept, offering a horizon of possibility for rethinking dwelling beyond the confines of the market. This issue brings together a diverse range of contributions from different disciplines, scales and geographies, exploring how housing can be conceived, designed or lived in ways that not only provide shelter, but enable liberation — that go beyond fulfilling material needs to activate rights, relationships, and dignified ways of life. Within these pages, readers will find perspectives rooted in feminist care ethics, Latin American self-managed housing, cooperative movements, critical theory, and alternative architectural pedagogies. What they all share is a common intent: to question the dominant paradigm and chart new maps of possibility. Rather than offering a single answer, the issue embraces a choral perspective that acknowledges the complexity of the housing crisis and the need to address it on multiple fronts: legal, architectural, social, economic and cultural. Emancipatory housing is presented here as a secular utopia — not totalising, but orientational; an asymptotic horizon that helps us to imagine, desire and construct alternative futures. We invite the reader to approach this issue as one would a chorus of diverse yet harmonised voices — not to close the debate, but to open it through critical hope and a shared commitment to making life more liveable for all.A habitação, em muitos contextos, deixou de ser um espaço de abrigo, convivência e direito, para se tornar objeto de especulação, instrumento de exclusão e sintoma de um sistema cada vez mais desumanizado. Diante desse cenário, este dossiê se articula em torno de uma ideia que, embora não seja nova, ganha hoje uma urgência renovada: a habitação emancipatória. Um conceito aberto, plural e operativo, que se propõe como horizonte de possibilidade para repensar o habitar para além dos limites do mercado. Este número reúne uma diversidade de contribuições, oriundas de diferentes disciplinas, escalas e geografias, que exploram como pode ser concebida, projetada ou vivida uma habitação que não apenas acolha, mas que também liberte — que vá além de responder às necessidades materiais para ativar direitos, vínculos e modos de vida dignos. Nas páginas que seguem, o leitor encontrará perspectivas inspiradas no feminismo dos cuidados, na autogestão latino-americana, nas cooperativas habitacionais, no pensamento crítico e em pedagogias alternativas da arquitetura. Todas elas compartilham uma mesma intenção: questionar o paradigma dominante e traçar novas cartografias de possibilidade. Longe de oferecer uma resposta única, o dossiê aposta em um olhar coral, que reconhece a complexidade da questão habitacional e a necessidade de enfrentá-la por múltiplas frentes: jurídicas, arquitetônicas, sociais, econômicas e culturais. A habitação emancipatória é aqui apresentada como uma utopia secular — não totalizante, mas orientadora; um horizonte assintótico que nos ajuda a imaginar, desejar e construir outros futuros possíveis. Convidamos o leitor a percorrer este número como quem escuta um coro de vozes diversas, mas em sintonia — não para encerrar o debate, mas para abri-lo, com esperança crítica e compromisso coletivo com uma vida mais habitável para todos.II Plan Propio de la Universidad de MálagaLa cuestión de la vivienda: tensiones en el mercado, desigualdades socio-espaciales y vulnerabilidad residencial en ciu- dades del sur de España" (PID2023-151195OA-I00), financiado por MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y por FEDER/ UEB1-2021_19: “La vivienda emancipadora. Por una vivienda europea más democrática y socialmente sostenible hacia el horizonte 2030” del Plan Propio de Investigación de la Universidad de Málag
Gastric microbiota-specific signatures in adults with obesity and Helicobacter pylori-negative gastritis
Get PDFBackground The role of the gastric microbiome in the pathophysiology of gastritis beyond Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is poorly understood and has remained unexplored in patients with obesity. The aim of this study was to analyse gastric mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with obesity and nonatrophic chronic gastritis in the absence of HP infection or history of HP eradication. Methods This was a case–control study conducted at Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital in Malaga, performed in patients with severe obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, without HP infection and no history of HP eradication. Gastric biopsy specimens were collected at surgery and were analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Participants were divided into two groups according to the histological evaluation: nonatrophic chronic gastritis and nongastritis. An exploratory prospective analysis to determine the influence of gastritis on short-term outcomes after surgery was also performed. Results Sixty-seven participants (38 in the gastritis and 29 in the nongastritis group) were included. A lower alpha diversity (evenness and Shannon diversity indexes) and beta diversity (weighted Unifrac distance) were shown in the gastritis group. Higher relative abundances in the families Micrococcaceae, Streptococcaceae and Leuconostocaceae and the genera Streptococcus, Weissella and Cryptobacterium were observed in the gastritis group, compared with the nongastritis group. An enrichment in pathways involved in toluene degradation, heterolactic fermentation and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, such as ergothioneine and terpenoids, was found in the gastritis group. Also, higher total cholesterol levels 1 year after the surgery were observed in the gastritis group compared with the nongastritis group, although no within-group differences from baseline to 1 year were detected in this parameter.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Advanced radiomic prediction of osteoporosis in primary hyperparathyroidism: a machine learning‑based analysis of CT images
Get PDFThis study aims to assess the proficiency of supervised machine learning techniques in discriminating between normal and abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) by leveraging clinical features and texture analysis of spinal bone tissue in patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP). From a total of 219 patients diagnosed with PHP, the 58 who had undergone both DXA and abdominal CT scan were included in this study. BMD was assessed by quantifying the Hounsfield units (HU) and performing texture analysis on every CT scan. The first lumbar vertebral body texture features were extracted by using LifeX 7.3.0 software. Initial classification into normal or abnormal BMD was performed with different machine learning techniques by training a model with the variables obtained from the texture analysis. Differentiating osteopenia from osteoporosis was evaluated by creating two models, one including the variables obtained from the texture analysis and HU and another one which only included the HU. Their performance was evaluated in the validation and test groups by calculating the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC. Bayes demonstrated higher performance for discerning individuals with normal and abnormal BMD, with an AUC of 0.916. The results from the second analysis showed a better performance for the model including the variables obtained from the texture analysis compared to the model that was solely trained with the HU (AUC in the training group of 0.77 vs. 0.65 in the test groups, respectively). In conclusion, analysis of BMD obtained from abdominal CT scans including texture analysis provide a better classification of normal density, osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with PHP.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA
Hacia el desarrollo de un índice para cuantificar el potencial de enfriamiento de árboles urbanos individuales basado en datos de teledetección
Get PDFCONCLUSIONES
Begoña Galindo-Ruiz¹, Jaime F. Pereña Ortiz¹, Pedro M. Guerrero-Serrano¹, Álvaro Marín-Calle¹, Alba Gil-Martín¹, Pablo Cozano-Pérez¹, Ángel E. Salvo-Tierra¹, Ángel Ruiz-Valero¹
Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29010, 1 Málaga, España
La expansión urbana, un proceso clave para el desarrollo y progreso de las
sociedades, pero conlleva impactos negativos en el medio ambiente. El
arbolado urbano se contempla cada vez más como solución basada en la
naturaleza para mitigar las numerosas problemáticas ambientales a las que se
enfrentan las ciudades (Molla, 2015). El arbolado urbano es el principal
contribuidor de las infraestructuras verdes urbanas a la habitabilidad y mejora
del confort térmico de las ciudades (Bowler et al., 2010; Schwaab et al., 2021).
El objetivo de esta investigación es extender el índice CCIT (Cooling Capacity
Index by Trees) para valorar la capacidad de enfriamiento de cada árbol de
forma individual, utilizando una escala adimensional de 0 a 1 (Figura 2).
Este índice permite clasificar los árboles según su potencial para reducir
las temperaturas, ofreciendo a los gestores urbanos una herramienta
valiosa para identificar qué árboles son los más efectivos en la disminución
de la temperatura de áreas específicas.
Guía para futuros estudios sobre la plantación de nuevo arbolado en las
ciudades.
Ayuda a enfrentar las inequidades en el acceso a los beneficios del
arbolado urbano según las diferencias socioeconómicas de los barrios.La expansión urbana, un proceso clave para el desarrollo y progreso de las
sociedades, pero conlleva impactos negativos en el medio ambiente. El
arbolado urbano se contempla cada vez más como solución basada en la
naturaleza para mitigar las numerosas problemáticas ambientales a las que se
enfrentan las ciudades (Molla, 2015). El arbolado urbano es el principal
contribuidor de las infraestructuras verdes urbanas a la habitabilidad y mejora
del confort térmico de las ciudades (Bowler et al., 2010; Schwaab et al., 2021).
El objetivo de esta investigación es extender el índice CCIT (Cooling Capacity
Index by Trees) para valorar la capacidad de enfriamiento de cada árbol de
forma individual, utilizando una escala adimensional de 0 a 1 (Figura 2)
Relationship between social support, coping styles and locus of control with quality of life in cancer patients
Get PDFObjetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer la relación entre la satisfacción del apoyo
social, las estrategias de afrontamiento y el locus de control, con la calidad de vida en pacientes
con cáncer. Método: a través de un cuestionario se recoge información referente a variables
sociodemográficas, de salud, de apoyo social, estilos de afrontamiento y locus de control de 107
pacientes con cáncer, con una media de edad de 53,88 (DT =11,42), siendo el 84,1% mujeres y el
15,9% hombres. Resultados: ser mujer y encontrase en fase de tratamiento predice una peor calidad
de vida. El apoyo social se relaciona con una mayor calidad de vida y predice menores síntomas
y mayor funcionamiento cognitivo y de actividades cotidianas. La resignación y la evitación se
relacionan negativamente con la calidad de vida, y un locus de control interno predice un mayor
funcionamiento emocional. Conclusión: una satisfacción con el apoyo social recibido y una
reestructuración de los estilos de afrontamiento mejoran el proceso de enfermedad, y por tanto,
mejoran la calidad de vida del paciente
Effects of depression on patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis: a comparative study.
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a sustained inflammatory pathology that manifests as increasing rigidity and a continuous decline in spinal flexibility, leading to increasing lumbar pain during rest.
OBJECTIVES: This study primarily aimed to evaluate depression assessments using the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) and delineate depressive symptomatology in patients diagnosed with AS compared to
those without this condition.
DESIGN AND SETTING: A comparative study was conducted in Medical Centers in Málaga, Spain.
METHODS: A cohort of 102 participants, with a mean age of 46,80 ± 10,54 years, was divided into two
sets: 51 individuals diagnosed with AS (cases) and another 51 without AS (controls), each harmonized
across variables such as body mass index, age, and sex. Demographic variables were systematically gathered from each participant, and the BDI responses were accurately recorded and subsequently analyzed
for comparison.
RESULTS: Of the total sample, the sex distribution was 29.4% male and 70.6% female. BDI scores were
higher for the AS group (19.25 ± 15.5) than for the control group (5.33 ± 7). Notably, there were clear statistical differences (P < 0.01) in the BDI categories, with elevated levels observed in participants with AS.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with AS experienced higher levels of depression than those without AS. Furthermore, there were sex differences within the case group, with a higher percentage of women than men
at any level of depression. Notably, there was a moderate inverse correlation between the number of years
since diagnosis and depression level
Validación de la versión española del cuestionario de recuperación I.ROC en pacientes con trastorno mental severo.
Get PDFObjetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la traducción, adaptación cultural y validación al español del The Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC).
Método: Aplicamos la metodología recomendada para adaptaciones culturales de cuestionarios y que contiene las siguientes fases: traducción, retrotraducción cruzada, adaptación cultural y análisis de la comprensibilidad. La versión traducida se administró a una muestra de 307 personas con trastorno mental grave para evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas.
Resultados: La consistencia interna del cuestionario fue satisfactoria (alfa de Cronbach = 0,894). La estabilidad temporal del cuestionario fue también adecuada, no obteniéndose diferencias significativas en ninguno de los items en las dos evaluaciones. La validez concurrente con el Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) fue también adecuada (r=0,663 p<.001).
Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) encajan con una división en los 4 factores originales, pero también son compatibles con dos factores o con un único factor general.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la versión española del I.ROC es un instrumento válido y fiable, para configurar la recuperación en personas con mental disorder (MD)
African Literatures and European Languages – A Debate
Get PDFLa actividad “African Literatures and European Languages – A Debate”, dirigida a los estudiantes de la asignatura Literaturas poscoloniales en lengua inglesa del Grado en Estudios Ingleses, tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el papel de las lenguas europeas en la literatura africana, un tema que sigue generando controversia en la actualidad. Los alumnos deberán leer y analizar dos textos fundamentales: The Language of African Literature de Ngugi wa Thiong’o, que aboga por la recuperación de las lenguas indígenas como vehículo literario y cultural, y The African Writer and the English Language de Chinua Achebe, que defiende el uso de lenguas coloniales, como el inglés, por razones de comunicación y cohesión nacional. La clase se dividirá en dos grupos: uno representará la postura de Ngugi y el otro la de Achebe. Cada equipo preparará argumentos apoyados en ejemplos de los textos, anticipará objeciones y las refutará en un debate estructurado, que concluirá con una reflexión crítica colectiva sobre las tensiones y posibles puntos de encuentro entre ambas posiciones
Goodness of Fit in the Marginal Modeling of Round-Trip Times for Networked Robot Sensor Transmissions.
No full textWhen complex computations cannot be performed on board a mobile robot, sensory data must be transmitted to a remote station to be processed, and the resulting actions must be sent back to the robot to execute, forming a repeating cycle. This involves stochastic round-trip times in the case of non-deterministic network communications and/or non-hard real-time software. Since robots need to react within strict time constraints, modeling these round-trip times becomes essential for many tasks. Modern approaches for modeling sequences of data are mostly based on time-series forecasting techniques, which impose a computational cost that may be prohibitive for real-time operation, do not consider all the delay sources existing in the sw/hw system, or do not work fully online, i.e., within the time of the current round-trip. Marginal probabilistic models, on the other hand, often have a lower cost, since they discard temporal dependencies between successive measurements of round-trip times, a suitable approximation when regime changes are properly handled given the typically stationary nature of these round-trip times. In this paper we focus on the hypothesis tests needed for marginal modeling of the round-trip times in remotely operated robotic systems with the presence of abrupt changes in regimes. We analyze in depth three common models, namely Log-logistic, Log-normal, and Exponential, and propose some modifications of parameter estimators for them and new thresholds for well-known goodness-of-fit tests, which are aimed at the particularities of our setting. We then evaluate our proposal on a dataset gathered from a variety of networked robot scenarios, both real and simulated; through >2100 h of high-performance computer processing, we assess the statistical robustness and practical suitability of these methods for these kinds of robotic applications
Exhaustive biclustering driven by self-learning evolutionary approach for biomedical data
Get PDFBackground and Objective:
Biclustering is a key data analysis technique that identifies submatrices with coherent patterns, widely applied in biomedical fields such as gene co-expression analysis. Despite its importance, in the context of evolutionary algorithms, traditional partial representations in biclustering algorithms face significant limitations, such as redundancy and limited adaptability to domain-specific objectives. This study aims to overcome these challenges by introducing MOEBA-BIO, a new evolutionary biclustering framework for biomedical data.
Methods:
MOEBA-BIO is designed as a flexible framework based on the evolutionary metaheuristics scheme. It includes a self-configurator that dynamically adjusts the algorithm’s objectives and parameters based on contextual domain knowledge. The framework employs a complete representation, enabling the integration of new domain-specific objectives and the self-determination of the number of biclusters, addressing the limitations of traditional representations. The source code is available through the following git repository: https://github.com/AdrianSeguraOrtiz/MOEBA-BIO.
Results:
Experimental results demonstrate that MOEBA-BIO overcomes the limitations of classical partial representations. Furthermore, its application to simulated and real-world gene expression datasets highlights its ability to specialize in specific biological domains, improving accuracy and functional enrichment of biclusters compared to other state-of-the-art techniques.
Conclusions:
MOEBA-BIO represents a significant advancement in biclustering applied to bioinformatics. Its innovative framework, combining adaptability, self-configuration, and integration of domain-specific objectives, addresses the main limitations of traditional methods and offers robust solutions for complex biomedical datasets.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU