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¿Por qué se vacía la Andalucía rural según sus pobladores? Análisis de los factores de abandono y permanencia desde una perspectiva cualitativa
Get PDFAunque Andalucía no destaca por ser una región muy afectada por la
despoblación, lo cierto es que buen número de sus núcleos rurales pre-
sentan dinámicas demográficas regresivas. En este contexto, el trabajo
que se presenta indaga en las motivaciones y percepciones que tie-
nen los habitantes que residen en dichos ámbitos sobre el proceso de
despoblación de sus pueblos, así como en los factores de atracción
y abandono y en sus consecuencias. La presente investigación se ha
realizado bajo una metodología cualitativa a partir del análisis de entre-
vistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a distintos perfiles de residentes en
municipios afectados por la despoblación. Los resultados obtenidos
ponen de manifiesto que el fenómeno de la despoblación es percibido
por la población afectada como un hecho multicausal. Valoran positiva-
mente sus territorios, pero muestran preocupación por el futuro y cen-
tran los motivos de dicha situación en factores económicos y laborales,
que son contrarrestados por los valores de arraigo, el sentimiento de
pertenencia al lugar y la familiaridad.Esta investigación ha sido el resultado de un proyecto de investigación financiado por: FEDER/Junta de
Andalucía (B-HUM-460-UGR20): Los territorios rurales andaluces ante la despoblación y envejecimiento.
Retos y oportunidades
Exploring data flow design and vectorization with oneAPI for streaming applications on CPU+GPU
Get PDFn recent times, oneAPI has emerged as a competitive framework to optimize streaming applications on heterogeneous CPU+GPU architectures, since it provides portability and performance thanks to the SYCL programming language and effi-cient parallel libraries as oneTBB. However, this approach opens up a wealth of implementations alternatives in this type of applications: from how to design the data flow to how to exploit data parallelism. Choosing the best alternative is not triv-ial, so in this paper we analyze them and contribute with an analytical model based on queue theory that helps in the on-line selection of the alternative that maximizes the throughput and the occupancy of the CPU and GPU compute units. We explore the design space offered by: a) different APIs to define the data flow (paral-lel_pipeline and Flow Graph from oneTBB, and SYCL events from SYCL); b) alternative kernel implementations to express data parallelism (SYCL, AVX and std::simd); and c) the mapping of the kernels into the available comput-ing resources (CPU cores and GPU). The results show that the std::simd library can be 1.54x faster, 3% more energy efficient, and requires 7.36x less programming effort than AVX, and that implementations that enable asynchronous offloading of tasks to the devices as those based on SYCL events and Flow Graph APIs outper-form the other APIs, being up to 1.10x faster and up to 1.18x more energy efficient.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA
Operators of Hilbert and Cesàro type acting on Dirichlet spaces
Get PDFIf α > −1 the space of Dirichlet type D2 α consists of those functions f which are analytic in the unit disc D such that f belongs to the weighted Bergman space A2 α. The space D2 0 is the classical Dirichlet space D. If g is an analytic function in D, we study the generalized Hilbert operator Hg defined by Hg( f )(z) = 1 0 f (t)g (t z) dt acting on the spaces D2 α (0 ≤ α ≤ 1). We obtain a characterization of those g for which Hg is bounded, compact, or Hilbert-Schmidt on the Dirichlet space D. In addition to this, we use our results concerning the operators Hg to study certain Cesàro-type operators C(η) acting on the spaces D2 α (0 ≤ α ≤ 1). We give also a characterization of the positive finite Borel measures μ in [0, 1) for which a certain Cesàro type operator Cμ associated to μ is bounded on the Bergman space A1 α (α > −1). This is an extension of the previously known results for the spaces Ap α with p > 1 and α > −1Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Benchmarking anomaly detection methods: Insights from the UCR Time Series Anomaly Archive
Get PDFAnomaly detection, vital for identifying deviations from normative data patterns, is particularly crucial in sensor-driven real-world applications, which predominantly involve temporal data in the form of time series. Traditional evaluation of anomaly detection methods has relied on public benchmark datasets. Yet, recent revelations have uncovered inherent flaws and inadequacies in these datasets, casting doubt on the perceived progress in the field. To address this challenge, the UCR Time Series Anomaly Archive has been recently proposed—a meticulously curated database comprising 250 time series—designed to provide a robust and error-free benchmark for anomaly detection research. This paper comprehensively evaluates state-of-the-art anomaly detection techniques using the UCR Time Series Anomaly Archive. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of current methods in accurately detecting anomalies across an important portion of datasets without additional optimization, underscoring the archive's utility as a foundational baseline for future research and development in anomaly detection methodologies.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA.
This work was supported by Grant FJC2021-047112-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR. Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project TED2021-132702B-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 “European Union PRTR” PID2020-119478GB-I00
AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity, memory function, and brain diseases
Get PDFTetrameric AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors are primary transducers of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system, and their properties and abundance at the synaptic surface are crucial determinants of synaptic efficacy in neuronal communication across the brain. The induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) leads to the insertion of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors at the synaptic surface, whereas during long-term depression (LTD), these receptors are internalized into the cytoplasm of the spine. Disruptions in the trafficking of AMPA receptors to and from the synaptic surface attenuate both forms of synaptic plasticity. Homeostatic scaling up and scaling down, which are additional types of plasticity similar to LTP and LTD, are also regulated by the insertion and removal of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors from the synaptic surface. The trafficking of AMPA receptors is an intricate process assisted by various proteins. Furthermore, AMPA receptors are critical for the formation and consolidation of various types of memory, and alterations in their function are intimately associated with cognitive dysfunction in aging and several neurological and psychiatric diseases. In this review, we will provide an overview of the current understanding of how AMPA receptors regulate various forms of synaptic plasticity, their contribution to memory functions, and their role in aging and brain diseases.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA.
This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PID2022-136954OB-I00), the Junta de Andalucía (PROYEXCEL-00422), and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (CTS-586-G-FEDER) awarded to Z.U.K.
Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Dataset_TEIB_Cybervictimization_Suicide_risk_factors.
No full textPsychological distress is an increasing concern among adolescents worldwide. Cybervictimization is considered one of the stressors that adolescents may face, and it significantly impacts various indicators of suicide risk (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and suicidal ideation). However, teacher emotionally intelligent behaviors (TEIB) might mitigate the links between cybervictimization experiences and suicide risk factors. This study aimed to examine the relationships between cybervictimization and several suicide risk indicators, as well as the potential moderating role of TEIB in these links. A sample of 1,866 (996 girls) adolescents (Mage = 13.99, SD = 1.44) participated in this study and completed widely validated measures. Moderation analyses revealed that TEIB moderated the positive associations between cybervictimization and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, even after controlling for the effects of sociodemographic factors (i.e., age and gender) and emotional intelligence. However, TEIB did not moderate the link between cybervictimization and suicidal ideation. These novel findings both underscore the significance of students' perceptions of TEIB in shaping their psychological well-being and highlight potential avenues for research aimed at mitigating the consequences of cybervictimization.This work was part of the R+D+i project PID2020-117006RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and PAIDI Group CTS-1048 (Junta de Andalucía). This research was also supported by the University of Málaga. The second author was supported by the Junta de Andalucía under Grant (POSTDOC_21_00364). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA
Hydrotalcite-catalyzed methylation of isosorbide via dimethyl carbonate: Influence of the catalyst on the reaction mechanism
Get PDFThis work presents the results of the methylation of isosorbide to produce dimethyl isosorbide using dimethyl carbonate as methylating agent and reaction medium and a MgAl mixed oxide derived from the calcination of a commercial hydrotalcite as basic catalyst. This reaction was carried out using three types of reactors: a continuous liquid flow reactor and two batch reactors, the first one working at autogenous pressure and the other one at atmospheric pressure. The best results were achieved for the atmospheric pressure reactor, with the dimethyl isosorbide yield being 100 % at 110 ºC, after 8 h. Under these experimental conditions, the catalyst showed a loss of selectivity towards dimethyl isosorbide with consecutive catalytic cycles, reaching approximately 50 % dimethyl isosorbide yield after 5 catalytic cycles, but maintaining the isosorbide conversion at 100 %. The reaction mechanism most probably relies on the cooperation between the catalyst and the dimethyl carbonate. With the help of computational studies, it has been demonstrated that the adsorption of dimethyl carbonate on the catalyst takes place through the carbonyl group and that it adsorbs on either Mg2 + or Al3+ ions. Finally, the assignation of the FTIR bands corresponding to the adsorbed dimethyl carbonate species revealed that it undergoes a surface reaction, leading to the formation of both methoxide and monomethyl carbonate adsorbed species. The presence of such species was identified as responsible for the changing pattern selectivity of the reaction during the reutilization of the catalystFunding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA.
This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2021- 122736OB-C42), FEDER (European Union) funds (PID2021–122736OB-C42, FQM-155). Juan Soto thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) through project PID2021–122613OB-I00. The work conducted by F. Aricò and G. Trapasso was supported by the DoE 2023–2027 (MUR, AIS.DIP.ECCELLENZA2023_27.FF project). RMT thanks the University of Málaga/CBUA for funding the open access charge
Garbling an evaluation to retain an advantage
No full textWe study information transmission in a model of career concerns in which experts evaluate their worth based on social comparisons. There are two experts, each of whom receives an informative signal about the state of the world and makes a statement to the principal. The quality of the signal each expert receives is unknown to the other players, and the experts differ in the prior that their signal is fully informative. Accordingly, we speak of the stronger and the weaker expert, where the stronger expert is ex-ante more likely to receive a better signal. We show that expert heterogeneity and social comparisons drive expert dissent. We identify an incentive for the stronger expert to deliberately misreport an informative signal in order to sabotage the weaker expert, garble the principal’s evaluation, and maintain her initial advantage. In equilibrium, this expert may even completely contradict her signal and the decision of the other expert. This result suggests a new rationale for social dissent that may help shed light on current polarization trends.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
