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Effect of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf on the growth performance and nonspecific immunity of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii
Get PDFThis trial investigated the effect of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf (GBL) on the growth performance and nonspecific immunity of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. 180 Crayfishes were randomly divided into three groups. One group was fed with basic diet, whereas the other two groups were fed with diets containing 1% and 3% GBL. After 32 days of feeding, GBL addition tended to increase the body weight gain rate compared with control. In 3% GBL group, the bodyweight gain rate of male crayfish was higher than that of female crayfish. While female crayfish were advantageous in terms of meat yield. Liver-related indexes were influenced by GBL addition and 3% GBL could reduce glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase as well as total cholesterol in male crayfish, showing its function in liver protection. Moreover, GBL addition effects on liver protection was better in male crayfish than female crayfish
Effects of vitamin C on transport of <em>Penaeus monodon</em>
No full textThe experiment simulated the logistical transportation of Penaeus monodon. It set four distinct gradient Vitamin C (Vc) addition levels, including 0mg/L, 111mg/L, 222mg/L, and 333mg/L, to investigate the impact of Vc on the anti-stress ability of P. monodon during transportation. And the survival rate following transportation and a 15-day interim rearing period were recorded. Moreover, the alterations in tissue structure and activity of the enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and total superoxide dismutase (T-AOC) were checked. The results showed that with the increase of Vc supplemental level, the survival rate of P. monodon after transportation and after 15 days of temporary rearing increased to varying degrees. ACP and AKP in the hepatopancreas increased first and then decreased. T-SOD activity in the 0mg/L group was the lowest and then decreased gradually. The activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the 0mg/L group was the lowest and then stabilized. The branchial tissue structure also changed. The branchial tissue blood cell disorder decreased, the diaphragm gradually narrowed, the cornered cortex gradually recovered, and the swelling decreased. In conclusion, Vc positively affects the survival rate of P. monodon after transportation and temporary cultivation and alleviates the stress of P. monodon. The amount of Vc added at about 333mg/Lin, the transportation of P. monodon could play a positive role. The experimental results provide primary data for the transportation of P. monodon
Comparative analysis of phosphoproteomic in the intestine of Sepia lycidas under different salinity environments
Get PDFCuttlefish are sensitive to the breeding environment, and the low-salinity environment significantly impacts their growth and immunity. So far, it is difficult to breed this species artificially. This study was conducted in Sepia lycidas. And the aim was to investigate the differences in protein phosphorylation in the intestine of S. lycidas under different salinity conditions. Firstly, 999 phosphoproteins (specific peptide ≥ 1), 1928 phosphopeptides, and 2727 phosphorylation sites were identified. Among them were 284 down-regulated expression phosphorylation sites (corresponding to 115 phosphoproteins) and 674 up-regulated expression phosphorylation sites (corresponding to 408 phosphoproteins) in the intestine under a low salinity environment compared with that under a natural salinity environment. Next, GO analysis found that more phosphoproteins corresponding to differentially expressed phosphorylation sites were related to anatomical structure development, multicellular organism development, regulation of the cellular process, etc. The molecular functions of these proteins mainly contain protein binding, transferase activity, catalytic activity, and heterocyclic compound binding. And they are mainly involved in the cellular components of intracellular anatomical structure, organelle, and cytoplasm. KEGG enrichment analysis of the differential phosphoproteins suggested that many significantly enriched pathways were related to the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, cell junction (adherens junction and tight junction), and inositol phosphate metabolism. Finally, changes in environmental salinity can affect the intestinal structure, metabolism, and immune homeostasis of S. lycidas
Okinawa 1:4,800, Cover
No full textScale 1:4,800. Transverse Mercator projection, (E 127°38ʹ--E 127°56ʹ/N 26°27ʹ--N 26°04ʹ). 232 maps : color ; 39 x 35 cm, on sheet 57 x 51 cm. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Sheets separately numbered and subtitled, e.g. Sheet 1, Bolo Point west. "64th Engr Base Topo BN-BN 1309-K6-10/51-2M." "Five hundred meter Universal transverse Mercator grid, Bessel spheroid, Zone 52." Accompanied by materials, folded in cover 38 x 24 cm. / U.S. Army Map Service, Far East. Okinawa 1:4,800.: Index sheet. 1 sheet ; 34 cm. -- Map series listing. 6 sheets ; 36 cm. Includes sheet index. Accompanied by sheets of information "Okinawa 1:4,800 missing sheets." University of Hawai'i set contains 195 sheets and is missing accompanying materials
Study a natural co-infection case of Largemouth bass ranavirus, <em>Aeromonas vickert</em>, and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> in <em>Micropterus salmoides</em>
No full textThe largemouth bass (LMB) is a significant aquaculture species widely cultivated in China. High-density culture has led to an increased susceptibility of LMB to infection by the opportunistic bacterium Aeromonas. This study investigates a case of natural co-infection with the Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV), Aeromonas veronii, and Aeromonas hydrophila in Sichuan Province, China. To identify the causative agents of the infection, two bacterial strains were isolated from diseased LMB specimens and identified through 16S rRNA sequencing as Aeromonas vickert and Aeromonas hydrophila, both of which are gram-negative bacteria. The infection of LMBV was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of tissue samples from the infected fish. After two blind passes of the virus fluid, the typical cytopathological effect (CPE) can be observed. Phylogenetic analysis of the virus sequences showed the highest similarity with LMBV isolates (ON418985 and MW630113) from Guangdong Province, China. This study offers important insights into diagnosing mixed infections in LMB and provides a reference for future research
Effects of two phosphorous sources in the diet on the growth performance, digestibility, and plasma physiological parameters of <em>Pelodiscus sinensis</em> juveniles
Get PDFPhosphorus is an essential mineral for aquatic animals to maintain the health of the skeletal system and many physiological functions. This study assessed the effects of two inorganic phosphorus sources on growth performance, apparent phosphorus digestibility, whole-body proximate composition, and physiological status in juvenile *Pelodiscus sinensis*. Two experimental diets were supplemented with 4% calcium phosphate monobasic (MCP) and 5.47% calcium phosphate dibasic (DCP), respectively, to obtain equal total dietary phosphorus (2.20%). 96 turtles (initial body weight: 5.40±0.03g) were randomly distributed into 12 tanks and fed the corresponding diets for 60d. Results showed that phosphorus sources have not significantly influenced the growth parameters, including the specific growth rate, feeding rate, and feed conversion ratio (*P*\>0.05). No significant differences were observed in the hepatosomatic index and whole-body proximate compositions between MCP and DCP groups (*P*\>0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter and phosphorus in MCP group (53.22%) are slightly higher than that in DCP group (48.98%) but did not reach the statistically significant level (*P* \> 0.05). Turtles in MCP and DCP groups are the same in plasma physiological parameters and have equal alkaline phosphatase activities in plasma and liver (*P*\>0.05). In conclusion, calcium phosphate monobasic and calcium phosphate dibasic had the same biological phosphorus availability in diet for juvenile *Pelodiscus sinensis*
Paul Horley. Rongorongo: Inscribed Objects from Rapa Nui. Viña del Mar: Rapanui Press, 2021 (Book Review)
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Comparison of live microalgae and Spray-dried algae powder effects on growth, digestive and antioxidant capacity of juvenile pearl oyster <em>Pinctada maxima</em>
Get PDFThe pearl production through the pearl oyster *Pinctada maxima's* culture has developed slowly over the past decades due to over-fishing of wild populations and mass mortality at juvenile stages. Indoor farming is an alternative mode for *P. maxima* juvenile cultivation to improve survival rates. In pursuit of optimizing healthy management under the indoor farming mode, the objective of this investigation was to compare the growth performance, digestion, and antioxidant capacity of juveniles fed with different microalgae-based diets (live *Isochrysis zhanjiangensis,* *Platymonas subcordiformis*, *Chaetoceros muelleri*; and spray-dried *I. zhanjiangensis*, *P. subcordiformis*, *C. muelleri* powder). The juvenile survival rates fed with spray-dried microalgae powder (except *C. muelleri* powder) were not significantly different from those fed on live microalgae. However, the growth performance of juveniles fed with spray-dried microalgae powder could have been better than the live one. The digestive enzymatic activities were consistent with growth performance, and diets affected the antioxidant capacity. The spray-dried *I. zhanjiangensis* powder can serve as a substitute for live microalga in *P. maxima* juvenile indoor farming and is recommended under controlled conditions. The findings from this study would provide essential data to improve health management for *P. maxima* juveniles in indoor farming conditions
Filipinos Stand in Solidarity with Native Hawaiians in Opposing United States Military Expansion in Hawaii and the Philippines
Get PDFA statement submitted to the Hawaii Indymedia Listserve expressing a group of Filipinas opposing the U.S. Military training in Waikane, Kualoa, Hakipuu, Kaaawa and other sites in the Hawaiian archipelago