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Effect of Dietary Marine Red Yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on the Growth Performance, and also Non-Specific Immune Responses of Juvenile Golden Pompano Trachinotus Ovatus when Challenged with Vibrio Harveyi
Get PDFThe present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary marine red yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa supplementation on the growth performance, non-specific immune responses, and resistance to the pathogen Vibrio harveyi in Golden Pompano Trachinotus ovatus. A basal diet was supplemented with R. mucilaginosa at 0‰ (control), 1‰, 2‰, 3‰, 4‰, and 5‰ for 8 weeks. After the 8-week feeding trial, weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly affected by the R. mucilaginosa levels, with the highest WG and SGR occurring at the 1‰ R. mucilaginosa level (P<0.05). Compared to the control, the 4 and 5‰ R. mucilaginosa groups had significantly increased lysozyme (LYZ) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, but a decrease in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was noted (P<0.05). Compared to the control, the 2, 3 and 4‰ R. mucilaginosa groups had significantly increased hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P<0.05), while hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased significantly (P<0.05). After challenge with V. harveyi, the group supplemented with 1‰ R. mucilaginosa had 100% survival rate. In addition, compared to the control group prior to challenge, the serum C3 level significantly increased in the group supplemented with 2‰ R. Mucilaginosa (P < 0.05). Compared to the control 12 h and 48h after challenge, serum C4 levels in the 4‰ R. Mucilaginosa group increased significantly (P<0.05). Our results suggest that ingestion of a basal diet supplemented with 1-3‰ R. mucilaginosa in T. ovatus could enhance resistance against the pathogen Vibrio harveyi
Optimal Dietary Protein Level for the White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei ) in Low Salinity Water
Get PDFIn order to find the optimal dietary protein level for Litopenaeus vannamei in low salinity water, isolipid and isocaloric diets with different protein levels (25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45%) were tested to feed L. vannamei juveniles (mean weight 0.31 ± 0.02 g) for 56 days in salinity 2 g/L water. The results showed that: (1) as the dietary protein level increased, the final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate increased at first and then decreased. In the 35% protein level group, significantly better results were obtained as compared to other groups (P<0.05). Through quadratic regression analysis of dietary protein level and weight gain and specific growth rate, we found that shrimps had the highest weight gain when dietary protein level was between 33.51%–34.35%; (2) as the dietary protein level increased, the shrimp moisture content decreased and the protein content increased while lipid and ash content did not significantly change; (3) as the dietary protein level increased, the activity of trypsin increased at first and then decreased, and the 35% protein level group had the highest trypsin activity, significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in lipase or amylase activity
Visitor Statistics (First Quarter 2016)
Get PDFQuarterly publication of the Solomon Islands Statistics Office
Institute for Research, Extension, and Training in Agriculture's South Pacific agricultural news
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What Fo' You Need Dakine Non-textual Context?
Get PDFPresentation slidesQuestion: What do these questions have in common? What is the justification for traveling to a Big Island conference? How can a one shot instruction session use disgust to gain currency? Why does the Most Inspiring Treasurer's Report cite Downton Abbey? Answer: CONTEXT (from Latin contextus, ‘weaving together’) is the setting which can modify our view of an idea,
phenomenon or statement. Author supplied keywords: Boolean Library Tour, memory, textbooks, Pu`ukoholā/Pololū/Kiholo, immigrant honeybees, face to face, free association, Films on Demand AND peer-review
Effects of Dietary Carbohydrates with Different Molecular Complexity on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Metabolic Responses of Juvenile Turbot Scophthalmus maximus
Get PDFA 9 week study was conducted to evaluate the ability of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus (initial body weight: 8.06 ± 0.08 g) to utilize carbohydrates of different molecular complexity (glucose, sucrose and dextrin) diets. Triplicate groups of fish were hand-fed each of the diets in a re-circulated water system. Results showed that weight gain rate and feed efficiency of fish fed dietary dextrin and the control diets were higher than those fed dietary glucose and sucrose diets (P dextrin > sucrose with the lowest occurring in fish fed dietary sucrose. Lipid content in muscle and liver was significantly higher in fish fed the control diet, and muscle glycogen was significantly highest (P sucrose > dextrin > control. Insulin was significantly highest (P<0.05) in fish fed dietary dextrin plasma. In fish fed the control diet total cholesterol in plasma was highest (P<0.05), and triacylglycerols in plasma of fish fed the control and dietary dextrin diets were significantly highest (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study suggests that turbot can utilize dextrin more efficiently than glucose and sucrose
The Effect of Dietary Lipid on the Growth Performance of Meagre (Argyrosomus regius Asso, 1801).
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary lipid on the growth and feed utilization of Meagre (Argyrosomus regius Asso, 1801), taking into account their feeding behavior of collecting food from the bottom of the cages. The fish (141.07±0.5g, average weight ± SD; 22.18±0.53 cm, average total length± SD) were fed three isonitrogenous experimental diets (45% crude protein, dry matter) containing 16% (group A), 18% (group B), and 20% (group C) crude lipids for 570 days. The fish were stocked into 9 net cages (16 m diameter; 7 m deep) at a density of 16000 fish per cage with 2 replications. At the end of the experiment fish in the A, B, and C groups reached 1054.59±5.9, 1026.32±4.3, 955.31±2.3 mean live weight (g) and 45.78±1.6, 44.43±1.4, 43.88±1.4 mean total length (cm) respectively. FCR and CF values were 1.99, 2.07, 2.14 and 1.999, 1.131, 1.170 respectively for each group, at the end of the study. VSI, HIS, and GSI values were also calculated. Growth rate in fish from group A (fed the lowest lipid diet) was superior to the other dietary groups. Cross sections of their liver were checked and were found to have less lipidosis