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From Traditional Journals to Open Platforms: Towards a Public Network of Scientific Publishing?
No full textEl actual sistema de comunicación científica, dominado por revistas académicas comerciales y modelos de pago por publicado (APC), ha generado crecientes tensiones relacionadas con la sostenibilidad económica, la equidad en el acceso y la calidad editorial. Este trabajo analiza críticamente las limitaciones del modelo tradicional y revisa propuestas emergentes para transformarlo hacia un ecosistema de publicación científica abierto, público y equitativo. Se abordan tres enfoques complementarios: el rediseño de la financiación de las revistas mediante fondos públicos competitivos (modelo de la Leopoldina), el uso de repositorios como plataformas editoriales profesionales (modelo de Ortega), y la creación de infraestructuras abiertas federadas y comunitarias (propuesta de Brembs et al.). A partir del contexto español, se examina la viabilidad de construir una red pública de revistas científicas de acceso abierto diamante, aprovechando las políticas, infraestructuras y recursos ya existentes. Se concluye que esta transición no solo es deseable, sino factible, y representa una oportunidad estratégica para recuperar el control académico de la publicación científica y alinearla con los principios de la ciencia abierta.The current system of scientific communication, dominated by commercial academic journals and author-pays publishing models (APCs), faces increasing concerns over economic sustainability, equity of access, and editorial quality. This paper offers a critical analysis of the traditional model’s limitations and explores emerging proposals for transitioning towards a public, open, and equitable publishing ecosystem. Three complementary approaches are discussed: the redesign of journal funding through competitive public grants (Leopoldina model), the transformation of repositories into professional publishing platforms (Ortega’s proposal), and the creation of federated, community-driven open infrastructures (as proposed by Brembs et al.). Drawing from the Spanish context, the paper assesses the feasibility of establishing a national network of diamond open access journals by leveraging existing policies, infrastructures, and public investment. It concludes that such a transition is not only desirable but feasible, and represents a strategic opportunity to reclaim academic control over scholarly publishing in alignment with the principles of open science.Universidad Pablo de Olavid
A framework for entrepreneurial discovery processes
No full textPrograma de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales
Línea de Investigación: Educación, Cambio y Cohesión Social, Democracia y Políticas Públicas
Clave Programa: DSO
Código Línea: 119This thesis reviewed European and international practices for implementing the entrepreneurial discovery process and analysed its evolution within innovation policies. It developed a framework categorising key characteristics into four areas: driver, stakeholders, regional capacity, and policy cycle stages. Findings highlighted the adaptability of the entrepreneurial discovery process to different regional contexts, challenges in stakeholder engagement, and the importance of regional capacity in resource organization.
The research also showed the pandemic's impact on smart specialisation strategies, emphasising the need to enhance organizational structures, improve actor coordination, and develop operational and political capacities. The study concluded that the entrepreneurial discovery process framework could be applied to other policy areas, with consideration of context-specific factors and adaptive elements. This research provided a robust foundation for future policy development and implementation, demonstrating the value of the entrepreneurial discovery process in fostering innovation and effective policymaking.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Sociologí
Socio-educational intervention with minors who are victims of bullying
No full textEs un trabajo de intervención dedicado a la juventud que ha sido víctima de acoso escolar, brindando un acompañamiento y herramientas para su bienestar emocional.Este Trabajo Fin de Grado plantea una intervención socioeducativa centrada en menores que han sido víctimas de acoso escolar, con el objetivo de atender sus necesidades emocionales y sociales de manera integral. Desarrollado en Lora del Río, el proyecto cuenta con la colaboración de dos educadoras sociales, un psicólogo y el Ayuntamiento, que aporta recursos y espacios. La propuesta incluye actividades terapéuticas y grupales orientadas a reforzar la autoestima, fomentar el apoyo entre iguales y crear un entorno seguro para la expresión emocional. Además, incorpora un plan de evaluación que permitirá medir su impacto y mejorar futuras acciones, destacando el rol del educador social en la recuperación de las víctimas.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Facultad de Ciencias Sociale
Employment discrimination against migrant women in the workplace
No full textLa migración constituye un fenómeno estructural, el cual sigue en continuo crecimiento, debido a que las personas se desplazan en busca de mejores condiciones de vida y mejores oportunidades. Esto es una realidad que perdurará en el tiempo. El objetivo de este proyecto de investigación es analizar la discriminación laboral que enfrentan las mujeres migrantes, en particular aquellas provenientes de Marruecos y de algunos países de Latinoamérica. Se pretende examinar cómo la intersección de dos características, es decir, el hecho de ser migrante y el de ser mujer, les podría enfrentar a una mayor situación de vulnerabilidad frente a distintas formas de discriminación en el ámbito laboral. Para ello se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. En primer lugar, lleve a cabo un cuestionario, la muestra de veinte mujeres migrantes que residen en la provincia de Sevilla, Andalucía. En segundo lugar, realice una entrevista semiestructurada a una mujer procedente de Nicaragua.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Facultad de Ciencias Sociale
Melodías de una vida. La música como herramienta artística facilitadora en la construcción del relato de una mujer superviviente de violencia de género.
No full textEl presente trabajo propone un diseño de intervención que se centra en la reconstrucción del relato personal de una mujer superviviente de violencia de género utilizando la música como herramienta narrativa y terapéutica. A través de la metodología cualitativa y desde una perspectiva feminista, se analiza la historia de vida como estrategia de reconstrucción, resiliencia y reparación simbólica. El proyecto se enmarca en la Asociación Mujeres Supervivientes de Violencia de Género, y parte desde un enfoque que reconoce la importancia de integrar el cuerpo, la emoción y la creatividad en los procesos de acompañamiento. La música se presenta así como un recurso valioso para estructurar el relato, expresar emociones complejas y transformar experiencias dolorosas en narrativas de fortaleza.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Facultad de Ciencias Sociale
Fitness, Género y Suplementos: Un análisis de motivaciones, presiones e ideales corporales en la juventud.
No full textEl siguiente Trabajo Fin de Grado estudia las complejas relaciones entre el consumo de
suplementos, la imagen corporal y las influencias socioculturales en la población joven
Andaluza que consumo suplementos y hace deporte en gimnasios. A través de un estudio
con un enfoque exploratorio, y gracias a dos entrevistas con un hombre y una mujer, se
busca comprender como las motivaciones estéticas, la satisfacción física y la
internalización de ideales corporales pueden impulsar la suplementación. Los resultados
destacan el papel de los pares y las redes sociales en la presión de la imagen corporal y la
comparación física. Gracias a estos resultados se ha generado un conocimiento clave para
crear una investigación a mayor escala que permita fomentar un entorno deportivo más
informado, saludable y consciente, además de una imagen corporal más realista.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Facultad de Ciencias Sociale
Who Tightened the Umbilical Cord? A Gendered Reconstruction of Anja’s Identity in Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale
No full textThe aim of this paper is to examine the retrieval of the figure of the mother in Art Spiegelman’s graphic narrative Maus: A Survivor’s Tale (1980-1991), and its intertextual connection to the comic strip “Prisoner on the Hell Planet: A Case History”, formerly written in 1972, from the perspective of Trauma Studies. Although Maus supposes an attempt to recover the lost testimony of Anja, it turns also a gendered construction of Anja’s identity, reducing her to her role as mother. This reflects the dominant male approach to the Holocaust experience that persists not only in aesthetic works, but also in empirical evidence such as photographs, perpetuating stereotypes across time.Departamento de Filología y Traducció
The emergence of new masculinities: a research from the perspective of Social Education.
No full textEl presente TFG plantea un proyecto de investigación acerca de las nuevas masculinidades que han surgido en nuestra sociedad. La investigación se enfoca en conocer la opinión y los conocimientos que la juventud gaditana posee acerca de la evolución, el surgimiento y el impacto de dichas nuevas masculinidades así como de la masculinidad hegemónica imperante en nuestra sociedad. Para llevar a cabo la investigación planteada se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa compuesta por un grupo de discusión, entrevistas y un cuestionario, que
tiene como fin obtener información relevante acerca de los objetivos que se han propuesto. Dichos objetivos se orientan a conocer si la juventud residente en la ciudad de Cádiz reconocen los elementos característicos de la masculinidad tradicional así como conocer qué opinan del surgimiento de otras masculinidades y qué desafíos enfrentan en la sociedad actual. Las técnicas anteriormente planteadas se les realizará a una muestra concreta de sujetos, la cual estará compuesta por ocho hombres, de entre 16 y 30 años, que residan en Cádiz Capital, exceptuando el cuestionario que estará dirigido tanto a hombres como mujeres del mismo rango de edad que también residan en Cádiz Capital. Una vez desarrolladas las técnicas, se procederá a la exposición y posterior análisis de los datos obtenidos a través de las muestras, vinculando dichos datos con los objetivos planteados al inicio de la investigación con la finalidad de obtener así una información relevante y completa. Finalmente se expondrán las conclusiones generales obtenidas analizando los resultados del proyecto de investigación.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Facultad de Ciencias Sociale
Diffusion of tracer particles in early growing biofilms a computer simulation study
No full textProyectos de investigación
PID2021-126121NB-I00The diffusion of particles in complex media has gained significant interest due to its dual relevance: probing the viscoelastic properties of materials via microrheology and assessing the extent of particle displacement over time. In this work, we explore the early-stage diffusion of a tracer particle within a developing bacterial biofilm using implicit-solvent Brownian dynamics simulations. At these initial stages, bacterial colonies form twodimensional structures that expand through cell growth and division. Employing an agent-based computational model (IbM), we analyze the passive diffusion of a spherical tracer within colonies of varying compaction levels. Our findings reveal that, at very short timescales, tracer diffusion follows a standard diffusive regime, modulated by colony aging. However, at longer times, the dominant factor governing tracer motion is colony growth, which effectively confines the tracer within the expanding structure, except in cases where the microcolony is highly unstructured or the tracer is sufficiently small. Additionally, through MR techniques, we quantify the elastic and viscous moduli of the growing microcolony, offering insight into its evolving viscoelastic behavior.Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y NaturalesCentro de Nanociencias y Tecnologías Sostenibles (CNATS
Online versus traditional data: Advantages and challenges for the study of anti-immigration attitudes
No full textPrograma de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales
Línea de Investigación: Educación, Cambio y Cohesión Social, Democracia y Políticas Públicas
Clave Programa: DSO
Código Línea: 119In the context of the digital society, the vast amount of information from online traces can offer a valuable resource for social researchers, and thus even sparked hopes that these data sources could replace traditional ones like surveys. However, such expectations probed to be overly optimistic. Online organically generated data (i.e., produced more or less accidentally through digital interactions) often lacks essential elements for social research such as controlled procedures for extrapolating to population parameters, detailed information on individual characteristics of research subjects, or the operationalization of theoretical constructs (cf., Section 2). The real challenge lies in whether and how organically generated online data can be repurposed to complement traditional sources for research objectives. While this has succeeded in studying disease spread, consumption patterns, or migration flows, it is far more difficult for attitudes in general, and particularly for attitudes towards immigrants and immigration (hereinafter, ATII); which do not constitute observable behavior (at least not by themselves) but abstract thoughts positively or negatively evaluating a phenomenon that involves complex social, political, economic, and cultural considerations.
This thesis tackles the ambitious challenge of evaluating the advantages and challenges of organically generated online data sources as opposed to traditional ones in generating knowledge about attitudes towards immigrants and immigration (ATII). To accomplish this general goal, we analyze ATII using four distinct tools, two online -Google and Twitter- and two traditional sources -survey and focus groups-, each pair comprising both qualitative and quantitative empirical information, with the Spanish case as the empirical setting. By leveraging the unique strengths of each tool, we explored their potential to complement one another. This exploratory research design, presented in Section 3, intends to evaluate each data source's analytical performance, on the one hand, and to integrate their empirical findings for a more comprehensive understanding of ATII in Spain, on the other. These assessments are based on the six publications that constitute the main contribution of the thesis.
Our empirical results illustrate how each data source excels in different areas. Section 4 discusses how Twitter allows to map real-time reactions to a migration crisis. It revealed clusters of discussion topics and identified potential culprits, helping trace the generic contours of users' opinions during a migration emergency. In Section 5 we detail how focus groups uncover the interaction between anti-establishment and anti-immigration discourses, although with a limited scope. They provided a detailed view of how hostile discourses can be countered through shared grievances and alternative scapegoating rather that direct confrontation. Google Trends, while considerably less precise, provided insights on the evolution of searches about immigrants from 2010 to the present with regional breakdowns, as covered in Section 6. Finally, in Section 7 we detail how the data collected through a survey specifically directed at this topic allowed not only to neatly distinguish two different constructs in this realm, attitudes towards immigrants and towards immigration, but also further sub-dimensions that turned out to be substantively decisive. Furthermore, respondents can be classified based on their attitudinal profile, also enabling the examination of their individual characteristics -though with its well-known limitations in terms of extrapolation and response bias. Ultimately, Twitter and focus groups demonstrate a strong performance with respect to the outlined prospects, whereas Google Trends did worse, and survey data exceeded our expectations.
As for substantive results, this thesis obtains relevant substantive findings regarding ATII in Spain. Despite the differences in their concrete objects of study and their temporal and geographical coverage, the results from the four data sources converge in highlighting the nuanced and multifaceted nature of these attitudes. Specifically, the survey data indicate that it is necessary to distinguish at least between cognitive-conative evaluations of immigration, on the one hand, and affective predispositions towards immigrants, on the other, each with specific sub-dimensions. This finding, which contradicts much of the specialized literature, urges researchers to acknowledge the complexity of ATII and redouble their efforts to pursue facet-specific explanations. Among the sub-dimensions, restrictive migration policy preferences -including flow regulation and redistributive policies- were particularly prevalent in Spain. Perceived politicians' responsibility in this regard might contribute to reduce anti-immigrant hostility, but widespread grievances suggest a scenario of calm grounded in a rather precarious balance. According to our results, transparency regarding eligibility criteria for accessing public resources could be particularly useful in mitigating perceptions of conflict of interest, while direct confrontation might not be as effective in countering hostile discourses as more assertive strategies. It is up to future research to determine the extent to which these findings are shaped by the specifics of the case study and the research design employed.
These substantive results are mainly -though not exclusively- based on the two traditional data sources considered, as online tools proved to be more advantageous in terms of cost and (temporal and geographical) coverage, while the former provided considerably more detail on the focal construct. To put it succinctly, it could be said that the contrast of traditional versus organically generated online data ultimately involves a trade-off between quality and quantity, respectively. Among other source-specific features, this observation is what lies behind the integrated research design that we propose in Section 9, which suggests combining various tools whose strengths can complement one another to enhance this field of study. In short, the development of such a toolbox with diverse characteristics is not only valuable, but indispensable for uncovering all sides of the prism and understand ATII in its full complexity.Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Sociologí