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Steven Brun Caldwell (1942–2025)
No full textMemorial on Steven Brun Caldwell, associate professor of sociology in the College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, 1942-2025. Written by Professor Victor Nee
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REVIEW AND INFRASTRUCTURE GOVERNANCE IN NATIONAL PARKS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF YULONG NGP AND ZION NP
No full textThis study compares environmental governance and transportation infrastructure in Yulong Snow Mountain National Park (China) and Zion National Park (USA). It investigated how spatial infrastructure planning and environmental impact assessments influence ecological outcomes in national parks. Using comparative case analysis, field observation, and policy document review, the study revealed institutional differences—particularly the legally binding NEPA framework in the U.S. versus the advisory ecological assessments in China. It identified the paradox of Green Infrastructure in fragile zones, critiqued the asymmetric risk discourse, and offered institutional recommendations to embed ecological data into enforceable spatial governance. The research contributed to sustainable national park management and infrastructure planning under ecological constraints
The Art of Coercion: Credible Threats and the Assurance Dilemma
No full textThe Art of Coercion presents a fresh explanation for the success—and failure—of coercive demands in international politics. Strong states are surprisingly bad at coercion. History shows they prevail only a third of the time. Reid B. C. Pauly argues that coercion often fails because targets fear punishment even if they comply. In this "damned if you do, damned if you don't" scenario, targets have little reason to obey. Pauly illustrates this logic in nuclear counterproliferation efforts with South Africa, Iraq, Libya, and Iran. He shows that coercers face an "assurance dilemma": When threats are more credible, assurances not to punish are less so. But without credible assurances, targets may defy threats, bracing for seemingly inevitable punishment. For coercion to work, as such, coercers must not only make targets believe that they will be punished if they do not comply, but also that they will not be if they do. Packed with insights for any foreign policy challenge involving coercive strategies, The Art of Coercion crucially corrects assumptions that tougher threats alone achieve results
The Caspian World: Women's Labor and the War in Kachinland
No full textContributors: Ulfat Abdurasulov, Abbas Amanat, Elena Andreeva, George Bournoutian, Iurii Demin, Layla S. Diba, Etienne Forestier-Peyrat, Kevin Gledhill, Guido Hausmann, Kayhan A. Nejad, Matthew P. Romaniello, Saghar Sadeghian, Alisa Shablovskaia, Ernest Tucker, Denis V. Volkov, Murat Yaşar, Rustin ZarkarThe Caspian World is a wide-ranging exploration of the strategic, political, and commercial significance of the Caspian Sea, a site where empires—Russian, Persian, Ottoman, and British—competed, warred, and collaborated. As with the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean, or the Black Sea, the geography of the Caspian Sea creates a sphere of unique political dynamics and possibilities, and the essays in this volume describe the role of the Caspian as a force of connection, as well as a source of threats, to the states on its shores. Rather than narrating history through binary, state-to-state relationships, however, The Caspian World uncovers the sea as a space of multi-sided exchanges and numerous centers, tracing how the Caspian has shaped the commercial, intellectual, diplomatic, and imperial projects throughout the region
2025 American Veterinary Medical Association report on the economic state of the veterinary profession
No full textData from: Cardenolide toxin diversity impacts monarch butterfly growth and sequestration
No full textPlease cite as:
Agrawal, A.A., A.P. Hastings, and P. Rubiano-Buitrago. (2025) Data from: Cardenolide toxin diversity impacts monarch butterfly growth and sequestration. [dataset] Cornell University Library eCommons Repository. https://doi.org/10.7298/sq5m-xx07In classic coevolutionary interactions, host plants are thought to accrue novel chemical defenses which are later countered by detoxification strategies and sometimes sequestration in specialist herbivores. We recently discovered that unusual nitrogen- and sulfur-containing (N,S-) cardenolides in some milkweed species are highly toxic, and broken down to less toxic forms which are sequestered by monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). Here we isolated and purified five dominant cardenolide toxins from the tropical milkweed, Asclepias curassavica, a globally abundant host plant of monarchs, and fed them to caterpillars individually or in mixture. We hypothesized that the two N,S-cardenolides in A. curassavica (uscharin and voruscharin) would reduce caterpillar growth and sequestration more than other abundant related cardenolides (15-Hydroxy calotropin, frugoside, calactin). Overall, cardenolide treatments caused monarchs to feed more and grow more compared to controls; nonetheless, one N,S-cardenolide (voruscharin) was not stimulatory and caused substantial reductions in growth efficiency. Consuming N,S-cardenolides caused caterpillars to sequester the lowest total amounts of cardenolides, and also reduced their efficiency of sequestration. We next tested the phytochemical diversity hypothesis, that toxin mixtures pose a substantial burden for caterpillars compared to individual compounds provided in equimolar concentrations. We prepared two types of mixtures, one containing equal concentrations of the five compounds and another “realistic mixture” where toxin concentrations reflect their natural proportions in leaves. Mixtures had a negative impact on caterpillar feeding, growth, sequestration, and sequestration efficiency compared to the average of single compounds. The equal and realistic mixtures had similar impacts on feeding and growth, but feeding on the realistic mixture resulted in the lowest sequestration. We conclude that as a result of coevolutionary interactions, even sequestering herbivores may be thwarted by highly specialized plant metabolites such as N,S-cardenolides, and that phytochemical mixtures strengthen plant defense. Toxin mixtures likely challenge detoxification and transport of plant defenses, reducing the herbivore’s growth and sequestration.US NSF IOS-220976
Evaluating provider knowledge and practices in breast cancer screening: Identifying gaps and barriers to informed referrals
No full textPURPOSE: To evaluate knowledge and practices of primary care providers on high-risk breast cancer screening imaging recommendations. METHODS: A 10-question anonymous survey was distributed via e-mail to primary care providers. The survey assessed provider knowledge of screening guidelines, current referral practices, perceived barriers to timely screening implementation, and preferences in screening methodologies. Responses were aggregated and results reported descriptively. RESULTS: Response rate was 23.3 % (49/210). Majority 55 % (27/49) were obstetricians or gynecologists, 35 % (17/49) were internal medicine or primary care physicians, and 10 % (5/49) were advanced practice providers from the obstetrics and gynecology and internal medicine departments. Nearly all the respondents reported that they routinely assess patients for breast cancer risk. However, more than a quarter (28 %, 14/49) of respondents disagreed that all women should have their lifetime risk of breast cancer assessed by age 25-30, with those remote from their training more likely to disagree (p < 0.001). There was variability in knowledge of appropriate breast imaging screening exam for those identified as high-risk for developing breast cancer, with MRI (69 %, 34/49), mammography (65 %, 32/49), ultrasound (59 %, 29/49), and genetic testing (55 %, 27/49) all being recommended in close proportions. Multiple barriers to routine cancer risk assessment were identified, with time constraints (20 %, 8/40), cost (18 %, 7/40) and lack of knowledge (18 %, 7/40) of assessment tools most frequently reported. CONCLUSION: High-risk breast cancer screening recommendations practice patterns vary among different specialty primary care providers. Lack of time and knowledge were the main barriers for breast cancer risk assessment evaluation. Future interventions should focus on provider education to optimize imaging recommendations.2026-07-1
Want Communication Help? Training on Strategic Approaches for Communication, Engagement, and Trust Building
No full textWant Communication Help? Training on Strategic Approaches for Communication, Engagement, and Trust Building. Session 1 - Fundamentals of Public Health Communication, 12-Dec-2025.
Session 1 of a 4-part seminar series led by Dr. Amelia Greiner Safi of the Cornell Public Health Program and Northeast Regional Center for Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases. This session provided guidance on communication and behavior, six things to know about your audience to communicate better, and eight tips for better engagement and materials.
To cite this presentation, please use:
Greiner Safi, A. Fundamentals of Strategic Public Health Communication. 12 December 2025. NEVBD Communication Support Series.
Please do not upload to an Artificial Intelligence tool or use without attribution.Northeast Regional Center for Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases, Cooperative Agreement Number NU50CK000633 between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Cornell University. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USDA, CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services