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(Un-)Grieving Celestial in Toni Morrison's Love
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.Toni Morrison’s Love (2003) is structured around a series of juxtaposed female perspectives on a central but absent male character, the late Bill Cosey. One female character, however, is markedly absent from the textual centre and emerges only marginally as a ghostly presence, vague but recurrent: Celestial, a scarred-face prostitute who is said to have been Cosey’s lifelong true love. This chapter explores Celestial as an ungrievable subject in the text, through structural and social mechanisms that bring about her exclusion. My reading of the novel establishes a correlation between the social dynamics of gender and class prejudice that the text dramatises and its narrative structure. The novel is narrated in the third person through variable focalisation combined with an enigmatic first-person narrator, L. It is quite noticeable that Celestial is the only female character whose perspective is never offered through focalisation. She is only present to the extent that she is remembered by others. Yet, the very fact that she is mentioned in the text points to the failure in obliterating her from collective memory. I argue, therefore, that Celestial thus joins the cohort of Morrison’s ungrieved ghosts
The Politics of Transparency in Modern American Fiction. Fear, Secrecy, and Exposure
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.In the twenty-first century, transparency has become an ambiguous buzzword both in the public and the private realms (e.g., Wikileaks and the Snowden affair; social media). This volume takes its cue from the emerging field of transparency studies, recent scholarly work in sociology, political theory, and cultural studies that identifies a hegemonic rhetoric of transparency in public and political life. While scholars in this new field routinely gesture toward literature as the realm where secrecy may be productive, they rarely engage with literature directly, and literary studies itself remains notably absent from their debates. This collection of essays seeks to redress that state of affairs by focusing on literary texts written in an American cultural tradition steeped in the interplay between transparency and exposure, fear and secrecy, security and surveillance, and information and disinformation.
The essays draw on authors ranging from Whitman, James, and Ellison to Pynchon, Morrison, and Eggers to argue that American literature complicates theoretical assumptions about transparency made in other disciplines. They question the field's strong theoretical emphasis on present-day technopolitical practices and discourses as the location of hegemonic discourse on transparency, and instead historicize such phenomena and extend them to discursive spheres that have so far been neglected (such as issues of sexuality and race)
Arqueología pública en España
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100. Arqueología Somos Todos nació a principios de 2011 de la mano del Grupo de Investigación Sísifo, como un proyecto universitario de difusión arqueológica. Su fin último era transferir a la sociedad el conocimiento generado por nuestra investigación, convencidos de la potencialidad del volumen de información arqueológica acumulada durante las últimas décadas de excavaciones urbanas en la ciudad, y de que sólo si la ciudadanía percibe y entiende lo que la Arqueología representa aprenderá a respetarla, cuidarla, y defenderla. A través de este trabajo pretendíamos demostrar que, sin despegarnos un milímetro de los fundamentos heurísticos y metodológicos más exigentes de la disciplina, es posible plantear formas alternativas de abordar el pasado como un legado común capaz de generar empleo sostenible y enriquecer la oferta cultural, patrimonial y turística de la ciudad histórica, al tiempo que multiplicar sus atractivos y su proyección en el mundo
Guía didáctica de la exposición “Las presas de Franco”. La mujer en la dictadura franquista
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100La exposición tiene como objetivo contribuir a la visibilización de la experiencia penitenciaria de la primera generación de presas políticas del franquismo. Mujeres formadas e iniciadas en la participación política al calor de las reformas republicanas y por el impacto brutal de la Guerra Civil, forman parte esencial del “sustrato democrático” de las luchas sociales y reivindicaciones populares que a lo largo de la primera mitad del siglo XX español pusieron en entredicho el modelo de sociedad dominante
The Process of Translating Le Deuxième Sexe into European Spanish. Challenges and Opportunities
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.This chapter proposes to describe the characteristics of the European Spanish translation of The Second Sex in a contextualized manner. It firstly addresses the translation process of the latest version via an interview with the translator Alicia Martorell in order to identify the most significant translation challenges she faced as well as to know her research method to carry out this project. Secondly, it examines the rendering of the title “Formation” in L’expérience vécue based on a comparison of the 1954 and 1998 translations. This traductological study is approached in two ways—lexical-semantic and syntactic—and is applied to an assessment of the philosophical and gender language in the two translations in order to verify Martorell’s improvements compared to Palant’s. We chose these two aspects because, as proposed by Moi (2002) and Cagnolati et al. (2019), the theoretical-conceptual network in Beauvoirian philosophy is
essential to understand the meticulousness of her work
La competencia temática en traducción jurídica francés-español: la traducción de los órganos jurisdiccionales franceses
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Nuestra investigación aborda la traducción francés-español de los órganos jurisdiccionales franceses, considerando estrictamente los ordenamientos jurídicos de Francia y España. Desde nuestro punto de vista, la investigación en traducción jurídica debe realizarse siempre entre dos ordenamientos jurídicos ya que los resultados de los estudios entre dos culturas no se pueden extrapolar a terceras culturas jurídicas. Partiendo de la necesidad de poseer una verdadera competencia temática en traducción jurídica, creemos indispensable para la combinación lingüística de que se trata, el conocimiento previo de la organización jurisdiccional en Francia y España. Con este propósito, presentamos los órganos jurisdiccionales franceses y españoles para, posteriormente, proponer de forma argumentada, las posibles equivalencias en español, una vez analizadas las distintas técnicas de traducción de referentes judiciales.This study addresses the French-Spanish translation of French jurisdictional bodies based on a comparative study restricted solely to the legal systems of France and Spain. We argue that legal translation research must always be carried out taking into account two legal systems since the results of studies between the source and target culture cannot be extrapolated to a third legal culture. In this regard, we maintain that thematic competence in legal translation is indispensable for working in this language combination, as well as prior knowledge of the jurisdictional structures of both countries. To this end, we examine the French and Spanish jurisdictional bodies and propose possible equivalences in Spanish based on well-reasoned arguments following an analysis of the techniques for translating judicial referents
La traducción judicial: propuesta de proyecto terminológico francés-español a partir de resoluciones judiciales francesas
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Abstract. In professional French-Spanish legal translation, and judicial translation in
particular, it is often necessary to translate a very specific text genre, that of judgements
handed down by French jurisdictional bodies. Although translations of this text
genre are frequently commissioned in professional practice, linguists, jurists and translation
theorists have carried out little research on and few studies of such legal rulings
and, more specifically, their terminology in the French-Spanish language combination.
To optimize the translation and understanding of such texts, thematic competence and
in-depth knowledge of the structure, syntax and lexicon of the genre are essential.
The author has selected various original judgements, handed down by different French
jurisdictional bodies, for which translations from French into Spanish have been commissioned.
This article, which is based on previous research as well as the author’s
experience as a professional translator and teacher of French-Spanish legal translation,
aims to analyse the terminology of several of these judgements in relation to
their translation into Spanish, and to identify the similarities and differences between
French and Spanish judicial language. It also aims to provide solutions and avoid possible
confusion, including false friends and false meanings, in the translation of such
terminology into Spanish. Finally, it proposes a contextualized terminological resource
specializing in French-Spanish judicial translation for both the scientific and translation
community
Oral decontamination with aminoglycosides is associated with lower risk of mortality and infections in high-risk patients colonized with colistin-resistant, KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Objectives
Invasive infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPCKP) are associated with very high mortality. Because infection is usually preceded by rectal colonization, we investigated if decolonization therapy (DT) with aminoglycosides had a protective effect in selected patients.
Methods
Patients with rectal colonization by colistin-resistant KPCKP who were at high risk of developing infection (because of neutropenia, surgery, previous recurrent KPCKP infections or multiple comorbidities) were followed for 180 days. Cox regression analysis including a propensity score was used to investigate the impact of the use of two intestinal decolonization regimens with oral aminoglycosides (gentamicin and neomycin/streptomycin) on mortality, risk of KPCKP infections and microbiological success. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02604849).
Results
The study sample comprised 77 colonized patients, of which 44 (57.1%) received DT. At 180 days of follow-up, decolonization was associated with a lower risk of mortality in multivariate analyses (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.06–0.55) and a lower risk of KPCKP infections (HR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02–0.83) and increased microbiological success (HR 4.06; 95% CI 1.06–15.6). Specifically, gentamicin oral therapy was associated with a lower risk of crude mortality (HR 0.15; 95% CI 0.04–0.54), a lower risk of KPCKP infections (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.008–0.94) and increased microbiological response at 180 days of follow-up (HR 5.67; 95% CI 1.33–24.1). Neomycin/streptomycin therapy was only associated with a lower risk of crude mortality (HR 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.9).
Conclusions
Intestinal decolonization with aminoglycosides is associated with a reduction in crude mortality and KPCKP infections at 180 days after initiating treatment
Coordinating assembly and export of complex bacterial proteins
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100The Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system serves to export fully folded protein substrates across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Respiratory [NiFe] hydrogenases are synthesised as precursors with twin-arginine signal peptides and transported as large, cofactor-containing, multi-subunit complexes by the Tat system. Cofactor insertion and assembly of [NiFe] hydrogenases requires coordination of networks of accessory proteins. In this work we utilise a bacterial two-hybrid assay to demonstrate protein-protein interactions between the uncharacterised chaperones HyaE and HybE with Tat signal peptide-bearing hydrogenase precursors. It is proposed that the chaperones act at a 'proofreading' stage in hydrogenase assembly and police the protein transport pathway preventing premature targeting of Tat-dependent hydrogenases
Biohydrogen from Microalgae
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100This chapter provides an overview of the current state of knowledge of the mechanisms involved in biohydrogen production from microalgae. The known limitations linked to photohydrogen productivity are addressed. Particular attention is given to physiological and molecular strategies to sustain and improve hydrogen production. The impact of different nutrient stresses and the effect of carbon supply on hydrogen production are discussed. The genetic and metabolic engineering approaches for increasing hydrogen production are outline