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Meyrinks ambivalente Beziehung zu Prag
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100Gustav Meyrink besass zeitlebens eine ambivalente Beziehung zu Prag, die sich zu einer Hass-Liebe entwickelte. Die Verbindung, die er mit dieser Stadt pflegte, findet sich in seinem gesamten Werk. Aber besonders im "Golem", wo Realität und Irrealität aufeinander treffen, formuliert sich eine ambivalente Haltung. Die beschriebene Realität des judischen Prager Ghettos um die Jahrhundertwende gibt Meyrinks Groll und traumatische Verbundenheit zu dieser Stadt wider und gleichzeitig gibt das Ghetto Anlass, in die mystische Welt des Mittelalters zu flüchten, von der Meyrink von jeher angezogen wurde und liebte. Die Mystik, die das Ghetto ausstrahlt, wird somit zum Ausgangspunkt, um seinen Hass zu kompensieren und der Liebe zu dieser Stadt einen Weg zu ebenen
Effect of body fatness and selection for prolificacy on survival of rabbit does assessed using cryopreserved control population
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of body condition and selection for prolificacy on the reproductive life span of female rabbits. The body condition was obtained by ultrasound measurement of the perirenal thickness of 166 crossbred does at day 10 after parturition in 6 consecutive parities. Two genetic groups were included: the current generation of does crossbred between two lines, both selected within line for number of pups at weaning, and a control group consisting of animals from the same cross but from 12 generations earlier. This control population was obtained by use of cryopreservation techniques, and made a simultaneous comparison between animals of different generations possible. A proportional Cox model was used to obtain estimates of survival characteristics. Twelve generations of selection for litter size at weaning did not significantly affect reproductive life span. Animals in poor body condition were found to have a significantly (P < 0.05) higher risk of dying than animals in better condition. Also, animals with high body fat mobilisation had a higher risk of culling (P < 0.05) than animals with intermediate mobilisation. Animals with zero pups born alive were also found to have a high risk of culling (P < 0.001)
A comparison of mobbing behaviour in four passerine Iberian species during breeding season
No full textMobbing is a common anti-predatory behavior in birds consist-ing of loud calls to alert other individuals in the vicinity and ag-gressive displays in order to drive away a predator. In spite of the extensive bibliography available regarding mobbing behaviour, lit-tle is known about how mobbing varies across species inhabiting the same area. Here, we aimed to compare the mobbing response of four Iberian passerine species: the azure-winged magpie (Cy-anopica cooki), the spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor), the great tit (Parus major) and the common blackbird (Turdus merula). To elicit mobbing response in free ranging birds we used a stuffed model of tawny owl (Strix aluco) along with playbacks of calls of this species. We analysed the frequency of observed mobbing events in each species, the mobbing intensity and its duration. Results showed that mobbing displays in C. cooki and S. unicolor were performed in bigger groups in comparison with T. merula and P. major, however, the duration of the mobbing response was shorter. Moreover, we found the lowest level of mobbing intensity in T. merula, the most solitary species studied. Our findings indi-cate that mobbing varies across species in the same area, suggest-ing that birds adapt mobbing behavior to the particular character-istics of their species and that social complexity might influence these differences
Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare lipid disorder characterized by premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There are sparse data for clinical management and cardiovascular outcomes in ARH.
OBJECTIVES Evaluation of changes in lipid management, achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals and cardiovascular outcomes in ARH.
METHODS Published ARH cases were identified by electronic search. All corresponding authors and physicians known to treat these patients were asked to provide follow-up information, using a standardized protocol.
RESULTS We collected data for 52 patients (28 females, 24 males; 31.1 17.1 years of age; baseline LDL-C: 571.9 171.7 mg/dl). During a mean follow-up of 14.1 7.3 years, there was a significant increase in the use of high-intensity statin and ezetimibe in combination with lipoprotein apheresis; in 6 patients, lomitapide was also added. Mean LDL-C achieved at nadir was 164.0 85.1 mg/dl ( 69.6% from baseline), with a better response in patients taking lomitapide ( 88.3%). Overall, 23.1% of ARH patients reached LDL-C of <100 mg/dl. During follow-up, 26.9% of patients had incident ASCVD, and 11.5% had a new diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis (absolute risk per year of 1.9% and 0.8%, respectively). No incident stroke was observed. Age ($30 years) and the presence of coronary artery disease at diagnosis were the major predictors of incident ASCVD.
CONCLUSIONS Despite intensive treatment, LDL-C in ARH patients remains far from targets, and this translates into a poor long-term cardiovascular prognosis. Our data highlight the importance of an early diagnosis and treatment and confirm the fact that an effective treatment protocol for ARH is still lacking
Characteristics of Coronary Atherosclerosis Related to Plaque Burden Regression During Treatment With Alirocumab: The ARCHITECT Study
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100BACKGROUND: Intensive lipid-lowering therapy may induce coronary atherosclerosis regression. Nevertheless, the factors underlying the effect of lipid-lowering therapy on disease regression remain poorly characterized. Our aim was to determine which characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque are associated with a greater reduction in coronary plaque burden (PB) after treatment with alirocumab in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
METHODS: The ARCHITECT study (Effect of Alirocumab on Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume, Architecture and Composition) is a phase IV, open-label, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial to assess the effect of the treatment with alirocumab for 78 weeks on the coronary atherosclerotic PB and its characteristics in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Participants underwent a coronary computed tomographic angiography at baseline and a final one at 78 weeks. Every patient received alirocumab 150 mg subcutaneously every 14 days in addition to high-intensity statin therapy.
RESULTS: One hundred and four patients were enrolled. Median age was 53.3 (46.2–59.4) years and 54 were women (51.9%). The global coronary PB changed from 34.6% (32.5%–36.8%) at entry to 30.4% (27.4%–33.4%) at follow-up, which is −4.6% (−7.7% to −1.9%; P<0.001) reduction. A decrease in the percentage of unstable core (fibro-fatty+necrotic plaque; from 14.1 [7.9–22.3] to 8.0 [6.4–10.6]; −6.6%; P<0.001) was found. A greater PB (β, 0.36 [0.13–0.59]; P=0.002) and a higher proportion of unstable core (β, 0.15 [0.08–0.22]; P<0.001) were significantly related to PB regression.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with alirocumab in addition to high-intensity statin therapy might produce a greater PB regression in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia with higher baseline PB and in those with larger unstable core. Further studies are needed to corroborate the hypothesis raised by these results
Chronic effects of a high-fat diet enriched with virgin olive oil and a low-fat diet enriched with a-linolenic acid on postprandial endothelial function in healthy men
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100Traditional cardiovascular risk factors are associated with endothelial dysfunction. The vascular endothelium plays a key role in local vascular tone regulation and can be modulated by dietary fat. We propose to determine the chronic effect of three diets with different fat compositions on post- prandial endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers. Twenty healthy men followed three 4-week diets in a randomised cross-over design: a Western diet, rich in saturated fat (22 % SFA, 12 % MUFA and 0·4 % a-linolenic acid (ALA), all fractions are % of energy); a Mediterranean diet, rich in MUFA (,10 % SFA, 24 % MUFA and 0·4 % ALA); a low-fat diet enriched in ALA (,10 % SFA, 12 % MUFA and 2 % ALA). At the end of each dietary period all subjects underwent a postprandial study. Plasma concentrations of lipid parameters, soluble intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), nitrates and nitrites (NOx) and endothelial function studied by laser Doppler were examined at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response was greater 4 h after the ingestion of the MUFA-rich diet than after the SFA or ALA low-fat diets (P1⁄4 0·031). The 4 h postprandial plasma sVCAM-1 levels were lower after the MUFA meals than after the ALA low-fat diet (P1⁄40·043). The bioavailability of NOx was higher following the MUFA diet than after the SFA and ALA low-fat diets (P1⁄40·027). We found no differences in the other parameters measured. Chronic ingestion of a Mediterranean diet avoids the postprandial deterio- ration of endothelial function associated with Westernised diets in healthy individuals
Butter and walnuts, but not olive oil, elicit postprandial activation of nuclear transcription factor B in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy men
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Background: Nuclear transcription factor B (NF- B) plays an important role in atherosclerosis by modulating gene expression. Postprandial lipemia has been correlated with an increase in NF- B activation in vascular cells and it is associated with an increase in postprandial triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, which are involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaque.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the intakes of 3 different foods with different fat compositions on the postprandial activation of monocyte NF- B.
Design: Eight healthy men followed a 4-wk baseline diet and then consumed 3 fat-load meals consisting of 1 g fat/kg body wt (65% fat) according to a randomized crossover design. Each meal had a dif- ferent fatty acid composition, and the consumption of each meal was separated by 1 wk. The compositions of the 3 test meals were as follows: olive oil meal [22% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 38% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), 4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and 0.7% -linolenic acid], butter meal (38% SFAs, 22% MUFAs, 4% PUFAs, and 0.7% -linolenic acid), and walnut meal (20% SFAs, 24% MUFAs, 16% PUFAs, and 4% -linolenic acid).
Results: Ingestion of the olive oil meal did not elicit NF- B acti- vation compared with ingestion of either the butter meal at 3 h (P 0.05) or the walnut meal at 9 h (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in the postprandial triacylglycerol response between the 3 meals.
Conclusions: Consumption of an olive oil– enriched meal does not activate NF- B in monocytes as do butter and walnut-enriched meals. This effect could enhance the cardioprotective effect of olive oil–enriched diets
Metaverso como espacio de ejercicio de la ciudadanía y los derechos fundamentales
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/210
La discriminación sistémica respecto a las personas de origen migrante en España
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/210
Depersonalisation and schizophrenia: Comparative study of initial and multiple episodes of schizophrenia
No full textIntroducción: Los fenómenos de despersonalización/desrealización se han asociado clásicamente con las fases iniciales de la psicosis y se supone que precederían (incluso en a˜nos) a la psicosis clínica, siendo mucho más frecuentes en la fase prodrómica y en la fase aguda de la enfermedad. Los objetivos del presente estudio son analizar las diferencias para los fenómenos de despersonalización/desrealización existentes entre los pacientes con primeros o con múltiples episodios de esquizofrenia y los factores que podrían influir en ello. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, controlado y transversal en el que se estudiaron 48 sujetos diagnosticados de esquizofrenia paranoide (20 con un primer episodio y 28 con episodios múltiples). Fueron evaluados mediante la Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge, la Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo y la Escala de Experiencias Disociativas, entre otras. Resultados: Los sujetos con primeros episodios de esquizofrenia presentan mayores puntuaciones tanto en la Escala de Despersonalización de Cambridge como en la subescala que valora estas experiencias en la Escala de Experiencias Disociativas. No encontramos asociaciones entre estas y la subescala de síntomas positivos de la Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo. Conclusiones: Las experiencias de despersonalización/desrealización aparecen con mayor frecuencia, duración e intensidad en pacientes con primeros episodios de esquizofrenia que en pacientes con múltiples episodios de la enfermedad.Introduction: The phenomena of depersonalisation/derealisation have classically been associated
with the initial phases of psychosis, and it is assumed that they would precede (even by
years) the onset of clinical psychosis, being much more common in the prodromal and acute
phases of the illness. The aims of the present study are to analyse the differences in depersonalisation/
derealisation between patients with initial and multiple episodes and the factors
that could influence this.
Material and methods: A descriptive, controlled and cross-sectional study of 48 patients diagnosed
with paranoid schizophrenia (20 with an initial episode and 28 with multiple episodes).
These patients were assessed using scales such as the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale, the
Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, and the Dissociative Experiences Scale.
Results: Participants with initial episodes score higher on both the Cambridge Depersonalisation
Scale, and the subscale of the Dissociative Experiences Scale that evaluates such experiences.
There were no associations between these types of experience and the positive symptoms
subscale of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale.
Conclusions: Depersonalisation/derealisation experiences appear with greater frequency, duration
and intensity in patients in the early stages of the illnesses, gradually decreasing as they
become chronic