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Wanting to become PE teachers in Spain: connections between previous experiences and particular beliefs about school Physical Education and the development of professional teacher identities
Get PDFPhysical Education (PE) teachers have previous experiences that both
shape their particular beliefs about the role and purpose of this school
subject as well as their pedagogical practice. The present study aims to
examine and deepen our knowledge of future Spanish PE teachers’
previous experiences of and beliefs about PE that condition their
pedagogical practice and intentionality within this school subject. The
data reported on in this paper were generated through questionnaires,
life-history stories and semi-structured interviews with 24 initial teacher
education students in the second year of a degree specialising in PE at a
Spanish university. The data was analysed using content and narrative
(thematic) analysis. The students, far from being tabula rasa, in their
responses show how their previous socialisation period, their
subjectivities and identities constitute particular beliefs about PE
teaching. More specifically, the results reveal four key themes in the
student teachers’ experiences and beliefs that represent four different
factors influencing future PE teacher identities: (1) ‘Sport’; (2) ‘PE for
health’; (3) ‘A focus on pedagogy’; and (4) ‘A critical orientation’. In
conclusion, the study reaffirms the need for further reflection on how
previous experiences and beliefs influence the development of
professional teacher identities as part of initial teacher education in PE
Building Historical Narratives about Controversial Issues on Twitter: An Analysis of Digital Literacy Levels in Secondary School Students
Get PDFThis research analyses the literacy levels of a group of Spanish secondary school
history students (n = 42) in digital environments (Twitter), with the aim of providing
educational clues about the ways in which social discourses are constructed on
controversial issues, in particular those generated by the Spanish Civil War. From
a qualitative research approach, the most recurrent digital narrative data has been
emptied and analyzed, based on three a priori categories of social analysis: gender,
historical empathy and social conscience. The results report the predominance of
cognitive/inferential literacy skills and, consequently, the need to incorporate new
scenarios for teaching-learning history from the theoretical principles of critical
pedagogy and education for active, critical and committed citizenship with social
participation.This study was completed with the support of the Research Group Recognized in Didactics of History and Social Sciences (DHISO), and the Group for Educational Innovation in Didactics of Social Sciences, Languages and Literatures in Initial Teacher Training of Early Childhood Education and Primary Education (DiCSOL) of the University of Burgos. This publication is part of the R&D Projects Teach and Learn to interpret contemporary problems and conflicts. What do the Social Sciences contribute to the formation of a critical global citizenship? (EDU2016–80145-P), financed by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spanish Government), and Future Education and Democratic Hope. Rethinking Social Studies Education in changing times (PID2019- 107383RB-I00), financed by the Ministry of Science, and Innovation Funding entity: Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Spanish Government)
Experimental Assessment of Feature Extraction Techniques Applied to the Identification of Properties of Common Objects, Using a Radar System
Get PDFRadar technology has evolved considerably in the last few decades. There are many areas
where radar systems are applied, including air traffic control in airports, ocean surveillance, and
research systems, to cite a few. Other types of sensors have recently appeared, which allow tracking
sub-millimeter motion with high speed and accuracy rates. These millimeter-wave radars are giving
rise to myriad new applications, from the recognition of the material close objects are made, to the
recognition of hand gestures. They have also been recently used to identify how a person interacts
with digital devices through the physical environment (Tangible User Interfaces, TUIs). In this case,
the radar is used to detect the orientation, movement, or distance from the objects to the user’s hands
or the digital device. This paper presents a thoughtful comparative analysis of different feature
extraction techniques and classification strategies applied on a series of datasets that cover problems
such as the identification of materials, element counting, or determining the orientation and distance
of objects to the sensor. The results outperform previous works using these datasets, especially when
the accuracy was lowest, showing the benefits feature extraction techniques have on classification
performance.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project PID2020-119894GB-I00, Junta de Castilla y León under project BU055P20 (JCyL/FEDER, UE) co-financed through European Union FEDER funds. José Luis Garrido-Labrador was supported by the predoctoral grant (BDNS 510149) awarded by the Universidad de Burgos, Spain
Common Agricultural Policy and Depopulation in the Territories of Inland Spain (Castilla y León)
No full textEn unos momentos en los que la despoblación rural forma parte de la agenda política y
de las inquietudes de la sociedad en España, y que el futuro de la Política Agraria Común (PAC) es objeto de
debate, resulta oportuno considerar la relación entre el modelo agrario y la desvitalización rural. Este artículo tiene como objetivo general realizar una revisión crítica de la PAC a partir del análisis de las ayudas
canalizadas desde el Fondo Europeo Agrícola de Garantía (FEAGA) hacía territorios agrarios aquejados por
problemas de despoblación, como es el caso de Castilla y León. Para alcanzar ese objetivo se recurre a la
explotación estadística y elaboración cartográfica de los datos de beneficiarios de fondos FEAGA. Los resultados ponen en evidencia que la PAC ha consolidado diferentes categorías de perceptores que tienen una
relación desigual con actividad agraria, lo que repercute directamente en los problemas demográficos del
medio rural. Se concluye aportando algunas ideas para una futura política que, frente al modelo exclusivamente productivista, favorezca alternativas donde lo agrario sobrepase su función productiva y saque fruto
de su potencial para contribuir a la revitalización rural.At a time when rural depopulation is part of the political agenda and the concerns of Spanish society, and the future of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the subject of debate, it is appropriate to assess the relationship between the agricultural model and rural devitalization. The aim of this article is to critically review the CAP by analysing the aid channelled from the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) to agricultural territories suffering from depopulation problems, as is the case of Castilla y León. In order to achieve the objective, the statistical exploitation and cartographic elaboration of the data on beneficiaries of EAGF funds is used. The results show that the CAP has consolidated different categories of beneficiaries who perform agricultural activities in an unequal manner, which has a direct impact on the demographic problems of rural areas. The paper concludes by providing some ideas for a future policy that, in contrast to the exclusively productivist model, favours alternatives where agriculture goes beyond its productive function and takes advantage of its potential to contribute to rural revitalization
Afección de la presencia de ciclistas en carreteras convencionales estrechas. Adaptación de un modelo de microsimulación
No full textTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosLa presencia de ciclistas circulando individualmente o en grupo es un fenómeno habitual en
las carreteras convencionales españolas. El uso compartido de estas carreteras por bicicletas
y vehículos motorizados implica su interacción, pudiendo modificar la seguridad y la
funcionalidad de las vías. Este efecto puede ser mayor en carreteras convencionales
estrechas, donde las bicicletas deben circular por el carril, y los motorizados realizan una
invasión mayor del carril opuesto durante el adelantamiento, implicando maniobras
potencialmente peligrosas y una mayor duración del adelantamiento.
La microsimulación del tráfico es una excelente herramienta para analizar la funcionalidad
del tráfico y la seguridad en carreteras convencionales, pero los modelos actuales no
consideran a los ciclistas en este ámbito, y mucho menos su interacción con los motorizados.
En este estudio, a partir de observaciones del fenómeno, se ha adaptado un modelo, que ya
consideraba vehículos motorizados en carreteras convencionales, a la circulación de
bicicletas y a la interacción entre estos dos usuarios. El modelo ha sido calibrado y validado
con datos reales recogidos mediante bicicletas instrumentadas y observaciones naturalísticas
en una carretera convencional estrecha considerando 7 configuraciones distintas de grupos
de ciclistas, variando el número de ciclistas y su configuración en línea o paralelo. La
calibración se ha realizado en dos pasos, el primero a nivel microscópico con datos de
adelantamientos, y el segundo, a nivel macroscópico con datos de medidas de desempeño
del tramo. La duración del adelantamiento se ha considerado una variable clave para calibrar
la longitud equivalente de cada grupo de ciclistas.
Los resultados confirman la reducción en la funcionalidad causada por la presencia de
ciclistas, y apuntan a que se necesitan nuevas medidas de desempeño y/o la reformulación
de las existentes, de modo que incorporen el efecto del tráfico ciclista sobre la funcionalidad
del tráfico y la seguridad en estas carreteras.Este estudio forma parte del proyecto de investigación Bike2lane “Mejora de la seguridad y operación de carreteras convencionales con ciclistas” con referencia (TRA 2016-8089-R) subvencionado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Este estudio también ha sido realizado gracias a la Agencia Estatal de Investigación “Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores 2017” (BES-2017-080474). Las tomas de datos en campo fueron realizadas gracias a la cooperación de la Dirección General de Tráfico y al Àrea de Carreteres de la Diputació de València. Finalmente, los autores quieren agradecer a Aimsun SLU su colaboración en el desarrollo del estudio
Analysis of real experiences using different sized bike sharing schemes in irish cities
Get PDFTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosThe first Irish public Bike Sharing Scheme (BSS) was launched in Dublin in 2009.
Dublinbikes has been internationally recognised as one of the most successful bike-sharing
rental schemes in the world. For this reason, among others, the cities of Cork, Limerick and
Galway launched their own BSSs at the end of 2014.
The objective of this paper is to compare the performance of the four BSSs during the first
two years of implementation in each Irish city according to endogenous factors, such as the
physical design of the schemes, and exogenous factors, such as city size and population
density. In terms of population, Limerick and Galway are small cities, Cork is a mediumsized
city and Dublin is a large city. In consequence, the results cover the main relevant
aspects of BSSs according to the size of the scheme, pointing out similarities and differences
among BSS of different sizes. The main findings indicate that the number of daily rentals
per bike is a good metric from the point of view of the transport operator. However, a higher
density of bikes, stations and docking points does not imply greater usage, whereas the size
of the deployment area could be a key factor in improving bike usage. Finally, a synopsis of
the essential aspects to consider when designing a BSS deployment based on types of users
in small cities is provided.The authors acknowledge Erasmus+ programme, specifically the Staff Mobility for Training — STT-2019/2020 — for partial support of this work
Promoting sustainable and intelligent freight transportation systems in the Barcelona metropolitan area
Get PDFTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosThe growth of e-commerce and the on-demand economy in urban and metropolitan areas
has been accelerated by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. As a consequence, logistics and
transportation operators are subject to a noticeable pressure to develop efficient delivery
systems. These systems are also influenced by the global trend towards more sustainable
transportation and mobility, which implies changes in urban policies and technological
innovations --, the substitution of traditional diesel petrol-drive vehicles by electric
ones. This paper analyzes the current and predicted needs of logistics operators in the
Barcelona metropolitan area. To do so, urban regulations are analyzed and key
shareholders are interviewed. The analysis of these interviews promote a discussion on
how the use of new `agile' optimization algorithms --which are based on the combination
of biased-randomized heuristics, computer parallelization techniques, and IoT / 5G
technologies-- can contribute to enhance urban distribution practices. Finally, we present a
case study in which the effect of different configurations of working/resting times and
parking areas availability on routing solutions is studied. Our research aims to provide
comprehensive knowledge to managers and policy-makers, and to offer them with
powerful tools capable of generating real-time solutions to complex last-mile delivery
challenges under dynamic conditions.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science (PID2019- 111100RB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, RED2018-102642-T), and the Erasmus+ Program (2019-I-ES01-KA103-062602). We also thank the entities that accepted to be interviewed during the development of this study
Modelos de emisiones de partículas y NOx de autobuses en recorridos urbanos
Get PDFTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosEn las grandes ciudades el principal motivo de la pérdida de la calidad del aire es la emisión
de los productos de combustión procedentes del tráfico de vehículos. El objetivo de este
trabajo es mostrar los resultados de las predicciones realizadas para emisiones de partículas
y de óxidos de nitrógeno por autobuses urbanos de ciudad de Madrid, utilizando modelos de
minería de datos que consideran la influencia de variables cinemáticas, ambientales, altitud
y pendiente. Para la realización de las predicciones se usó la herramienta estadística Random
Forests de R.
Se obtuvo los perfiles de altitud y pendiente de manera teórica (usando la aplicación GPS
Visualizer) y experimental (determinación del perfil de altitud sobre el nivel del mar). Se
detectó un desfase entre las curvas de caudal de contaminantes respecto a las curvas de las
variables cinemáticas, por ello se hizo corresponder el valor de la variable respuesta en el
instante t con las cinemáticas en el instante t + r. Se determinó las mejores combinaciones
del desfase a partir de la elaboración de modelos sencillos.
A continuación, a los mejores modelos sencillos se añadió las componentes ambientales
como variables explicativas creando modelos globales, y finalmente se creó un modelo
incorporando al mejor modelo global la altitud y pendiente como nuevas variables
explicativas.
Se verificó que los modelos que consideran el retardo entre la variable respuesta y las
cinemáticas y la incorporación de la altitud y pendiente como variables explicativas mejoran
los modelos en términos de predicciones y errores. Los perfiles de altitud y pendiente
determinados por el método teórico presentan mejores resultados, en ambos métodos la
pendiente es la tercera variable más influyente en la emisión de los contaminantes, mientras
que las variables cinemáticas son las que más contribuyen a reducir la impureza nodal y el
error MSE-OOB.Este trabajo se realizó en el proyecto de investigación CÍCLOPE (Sistema de optimización de ciclos urbanos de conducción. Aplicación a la generación de patrones adaptados a exigencias medioambientales y situaciones de explotación de flotas de vehículos) financiado por el Plan Nacional 2016-2018 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad- Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad. TRA2015-68803-R. Los autores también agradecen a la Comunidad de Madrid, que contribuyó a la difusión de este trabajo a través del Programa SEGVAUTO 4.0-CM (S2018- EMT-4362)
The urban freight distribution in medium size cities: Descriptive data taken from Pamplona (Spain) and Angers (France)
Get PDFTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosMedium-size cities around the world are experiencing rapid changes in their urban centers
regarding sustainable mobility, pedestrianization of streets, and vehicle-access control to
their city center. This situation is particularly important in the last-mile urban distribution
in city centers due to the fact that private cars, public transportation, and freight
transportation fiery compete for the same space. This article contextualizes this
phenomenon in two European medium-size cities: Angers (France) and Pamplona (Spain).
The paper also draws the current situation regarding their mobility and freight-delivery
systems in their city centers. Thus, an apposite survey has been deployed in both cities in
order to collect social perceptions and mobility patterns data. Additionally, we have
included a conjoint analysis study for examining the characteristic determinants for aerial
(drone) distribution. Likewise, meaningful conclusions can be extracted from the analysis
of the results generated by the current analysis.
Firstly, we have realized the immediate effects of a recent sustainable urban-mobility plan
at Pamplona, which contrasts with the Angers case, where no similar plan has been
deployed yet. Secondly, we have focused our attention on the socio-economic factors that
determine the mobility in both cities. Thirdly, we have observed, in both cities, a clear
preference for electric vehicles and cargo-bikes for driving inside the city center. Finally,
there is a rejection to use drones for merchandise delivery.We would like to acknowledge the partial financial support given by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (RED2018-102642-T), and the following projects: IoF2020-H2020 (731884), “la Caixa” Foundation (LCF/PR/PR15/51100007), and AGAUR (2018-LLAV-00017) to the authors of this paper
Mobility to the university campuses of the community of Madrid: Diagnosis and bases for a sustainability strategy
Get PDFTrabajo presentado en: R-Evolucionando el transporte, XIV Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte (CIT 2021), realizado en modalidad online los días 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2021, organizado por la Universidad de BurgosThe movements to the university campuses bring a challenge to the sustainability and
public transportation. Taking into account the EDM2018 (home mobility survey of the
Community of Madrid) an analysis of university mobility has been made in order to define
global and specific strategies for this segment of recurring trips.
The study perform, divides the survey data according to different type of users: students,
workers (PAS) and teachers/researchers (PDI). Each of these groups have different socioeconomic
profiles, work patterns and availability of their own vehicle, which conditions
their daily mobility. Second, the different mobility patterns of the 14 Campuses of the 6
public universities in the region are compared. The results are clearly influenced by
location variables (urban, metropolitan, isolated) and their accessibility by public transport.
Therefore, a multiple causal relationship can be established between the above factors,
which determine the modal distribution for each campus and each group. The variations
are important, going from 78% of trips by public transportation made by students in urban
campuses to 14% of trips by public transportation made by workers in isolated fields.
The analysis methodology contrasts the previous results, based on the data obtained from
the EDM2018 with the level of infrastructure and transport offer: car parks, entrances,
railway stations and bus stops, and their accessibility to the campus.
These analyzes make it possible to propose a series of recommendations to reduce car use
and promote the use of collective transport.
All of this will be part of the diagnosis for the development of Sustainable University
Mobility Plans, which will be the second phase of this work.The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda for the agreement signed with the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM) for the Metropolitan Mobility Observatory, the 6 public universities of the Community of Madrid, the Regional Transport Consortium of the Community of Madrid, the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Infrastructures