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Principal component regression that minimizes the sum of the squares of the relative errors: Application in multivariate calibration models
Get PDFRelative errors are typically used in chemometrics to evaluate the performance of a multivariate predictive model. However, these models are not obtained through the criterion of minimizing relative errors, as would be expected in a model whose response is the concentration of an analyte. There are no studies in chemometrics on the use of a principal component regression that minimizes the sum of the squares of the relative errors. This work proposes a model, which serves this purpose. The suggested model, wPCR, has been applied to 7 datasets with 12 predicted responses, 10 of which are multivariate calibrations of analytes in complex mixtures based on instrumental signals coming from various analytical techniques. As PCR and wPCR are methods seeking to optimize different criteria, each one achieves a better performance with respect to its own criterion. Therefore, the new model wPCR leads to better results insofar as the relative errors are considered, especially for the smallest responses. In this sense, the wPCR model also outperforms PCR with logarithmic transformation of the response (logPCR). In addition, as for the performance of the method using Joint Confidence Regions for the intercept and the slope of the accuracy line, it is shown that the application of wPCR does not introduce bias, neither constant nor proportional for the models built, nor a systematic alteration of the achievable accuracy.The authors thank the financial support provided by Spanish MINECO (AEI/FEDER, UE) through project CTQ2017-88894-R and Consejería de la Junta de Castilla y León (BU052P20), both co-financed with European Regional Development Fund, Junta de Castilla y León and Fondo Social Europeo
La asociación entre la adicción al smartphone y el consumo a través de apps por los estudiantes universitarios
Get PDFLa adicción al smartphone por los estudiantes universitarios se ha convertido en una de las preocupaciones más importantes a nivel mundial en la actualidad. La evolución de estos dispositivos y la variedad de aplicaciones móviles (apps) han provocado que los estudiantes universitarios encuentren en los smartphones un medio con el que poder realizar cualquier actividad diaria, desde comunicarse con los demás hasta realizar compras a través del smartphone. Entre otras, las apps de compra han provocado una modificación en el proceso de compra por los usuarios al aportarles múltiples beneficios su uso. En el presente trabajo se estudiará el comportamiento de uso del smartphone por los estudiantes universitarios con el objetivo de analizar de forma descriptiva la correlación entre la adicción al smartphone por los estudiantes universitarios y el consumo a través de apps - apps de compra y apps de contenido audiovisualCurrently, smartphone addiction by university students has become one of the most important concerns in the world. The evolution of these devices and the variety of mobile applications (apps) have caused university students to find on smartphones a means to carry out any daily activity, from communicating with others to shopping through their smartphone. Among others, shopping apps have caused a change in users’ purchase process as it has provided them multiple benefits in its use. In this study, an analysis of the smartphone usage behavior by university students will be carried out. The study’s objective is to descriptively analyze the correlation between smartphone addiction by university students and the apps’ use, such as shopping apps and audiovisual content apps
Awareness, Prevention, Detection, and Therapy Applications for Depression and Anxiety in Serious Games for Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review
No full textArtículo de revisiónDepression and anxiety in children and adolescents are major health problems worldwide. In recent years, serious games research has advanced in the development of tools to address these mental health conditions. However, there has not been an extensive analysis of these games, their tendencies, and capacities.
This review aims to gather the most current serious games, published from 2015 to 2020, with a new approach focusing on their applications: awareness, prevention, detection, and therapy. The purpose is also to analyze the implementation, development, and evaluation of these tools to obtain trends, strengths, and weaknesses for future research lines.This work was partially supported by grants INVESTUN/18/0002 and FPU18/04688 from the GruaRV project of the Consejería de Empleo of the Junta de Castilla y León (Spain) and the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities
Art and Artistic Education. A reflection on creativity and the interdisciplinarity of artistic languages
Get PDFEl presente artículo trata de, a través de una importante revisión bibliográfica, realizar una reflexión
actual sobre los conceptos de arte y educación artística, profundizando en los axiomas de la creatividad como motor didáctico y la interdisciplinariedad de los lenguajes artísticos en el contexto educativo.
Partiendo de la idea de que las artes y por ende la educación artística son conocimiento, se incide en
conceptos como la educación “del” arte (o “en” arte), la educación “para” el arte (para su producción
y comprensión) o la propia “educación artística” (utilizando el resultado y ejecución como elemento
transversal de enseñanza-aprendizaje).
Por otra parte, es tratada la dimensión trasversal de la propia educación artística a través de reflexiones
concretas que invitan a acercarse al proceso creativo no como un elemento aislado, sino perteneciente
a un conjunto de ítems que enriquecen el propio proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.This article deals with, through an important bibliographic review, make a current reflection on the
concepts of art and artistic education, delving into the axioms of creativity as a didactic engine and the
interdisciplinarity of artistic languages in the educational context.
Starting from the idea that the arts and therefore artistic education are knowledge, concepts such as
education “of” art (or “in” art), education “for” art (for its production and understanding) are addressed, or the “artistic education” itself (using the result and execution as a transversal element of teaching-learning).
On the other hand, the transversal dimension of artistic education itself is treated through concrete
reflections that invite to approach the creative process not as an isolated element, but belonging to a
set of items that enrich the teaching-learning process
Tecnología en la adolescencia: Videojuegos, móviles y redes sociales en los ámbitos educativo y familiar
Get PDFConceptualización y reflexión sobre el género y la diversidad sexual: hacia un modelo coeducativo por y para la diversidad
No full textEste artículo presenta una revisión teórica sobre las diversidades sexuales y de género, así como su abordaje en el contexto educativo; para ello, ahonda en la pluralidad de identidades como valor para la construcción de espacios inclusivos y coeducativos. A partir de las propuestas conceptuales de varios autores, centra su interés en la conceptualización de estas cuestiones, y comprende las dimensiones de la identidad como una cuestión de diversidad y la expresión de la identidad como un espectro. Se incluye la reflexión y el análisis crítico del sistema sexo/género, generando un modelo teórico que integra ambos enfoques. El trabajo concluye con la propuesta de un modelo de coeducación que se sustenta en el diagnóstico de la cultura de género, en la profundización en la epistemología feminista y disciplinar, y en la formación del profesorado en materia de igualdad de género y diversidades sexuales.The present article presents a theoretical review on sexual and gender diversities, as well as on the way they are approached within the educational context. In order to do this, we delve into the plurality of identities and its importance in the construction of inclusive and coeducational spaces. Based on the conceptual proposals of several authors, this study focuses on the conceptualization of these questions, and understands the notion of identity as a question of diversity, and the expression of this identity as a spectrum. Furthermore, we include a reflection and a critical analysis on the sex / gender system suggesting a theoretical model that integrates both approaches. The paper concludes with the proposal of a coeducation model based on the diagnosis of gender culture, on the deepening of feminist and disciplinary epistemology, and on the training of teachers in matters of gender equality and sexual diversitie
Comparison of efficiency among different techniques to avoid order reduction with Strang splitting
No full textIn this article, we offer a comparison in terms of computational efficiency between two techniques to avoid order reduction when using Strang method to integrate nonlinear initial boundary value problems with time-dependent boundary conditions. We see that it is important to consider an exponential method for the integration of the linear nonhomogeneous and stiff part in the technique by Einkemmer et al. so that the latter is comparable in efficiency with that suggested by Alonso et al. Some other advantages of the technique suggested by Alonso et al. are stated in the conclusions.This work has been supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through project PGC2018-101443-B-I00 and by Junta de Castilla y León through project VA105G18
Activities of Daily Living, Playfulness and Sensory Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Spanish Study
Get PDFThe purposes of the study were to identify whether differences exist between Spanish
children with ASD and neurotypical development in relation to Activities of Daily Living (ADL),
playfulness, and sensory processing; as well as to confirm whether a relation exists between those
areas and sensory processing. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty
children, 20 with a diagnosis of ASD and 20 with neurotypical development, were recruited. The
measurement tools used were the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), Test of Playfulness (ToP), and Sensory Processing Measure (SPM). Results: The sensory processing of children
with ASD were related to decreased functional skills performance of ADL (F = 94.4, p = 0.00) and
playfulness (p = 0.00) than neurotypical children; in addition, the problems of sensory reactivity
were associated with worse development in these occupational areas (p = 0.00 for both Spearman
correlations). Conclusions: Children with ASD present worse performance of functional skills and
playfulness than neurotypical ones. Likewise, sensory reactivity is related to the development in the
occupational areas
