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Comprehensive characterization of industrial wastewaters using EEM fluorescence, FT-IR and 1H NMR techniques
Get PDFThe organic matter present in six industrial wastewaters (pulp and paper mill, brewery, textile, dairy, slaughterhouse effluents and a municipal landfill leachate) has been studied in this work using three analytical techniques: excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
The pulp and paper mill effluent shows characteristic signals of the presence of lignins, carbohydrates and carboxylic acids, as well as sulfate, carbonate and sulfonates (coming from surfactants used in the cleaning of tanks). The main constituents of the brewery effluent are peptides and proteins coming mainly from spent yeast and diatomite filters (the presence of the latter was confirmed by Sisingle bondO bands in the FTIR spectrum). The municipal landfill leachate is characterized by the majority presence of humic substances (typical of an old landfill) and a residual presence of small peptides, amino acids and carboxylic acids. Additionally, several inorganic compounds were identified by FTIR, such as nitrate, sulfate, phosphate and cyanide ions. The textile effluent from a cotton-based industry contains carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and sulfonates, which can act as auxochromes in the textile industry. The dairy effluent comprises amino acids and small peptides coming from the biodegradation of milk and whey in addition to carbohydrates (lactose) and carboxylic acids (mainly lactic acid). The presence of tyrosine-like peaks B in the EEMF spectrum of the slaughterhouse effluent indicates the existence of small peptides and amino acids coming from the biodegradation of blood proteins. Additionally, residual glucose, fatty acids, phosphate and sulfate were also identified in this effluent
Hogares monstruosos: de la casa encantada a la ‘casa consciente’ en la narrativa en español
No full textEste trabajo plantea la casa encantada como monstruo inserto dentro del elenco de seres del panteón terrorífico tradicional. Para ello, se establecerá una clasificación de hogares embrujados de acuerdo a sus características más sobresalientes. Partiendo de este análisis, de espectro comparativo dada la naturaleza del tópico, se abordará una modalidad particularmente monstruosa de casa insólita, la que denominaremos como ‘consciente’, aquella que posee cognición. Con el alcance crítico que esto comporta, esta tipología nos adentrará, entre otras, en dos representativas novelas en español, Las madres negras (2018), de Patricia Esteban Erlés y Casa en venta (2020), de Mercedes Abad.Esta publicación es parte del proyecto de I+D+i PGC2018-093648-B-I00, financiado porMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, ‘ “Una manera de hacer Europa”. Estrategiasy figuraciones de lo insólito. Manifestaciones del monstruo en la narrativa en lengua española(de 1980 a la actualidad)’
Los derechos de emisión de los gases de efecto invernadero y el Registro de la Propiedad
No full textEn la actualidad se halla muy extendida la preocupación por la conservación de la naturaleza, conscientes de que el medio ambiente se encuentra amenazado por el devenir de nuestras sociedades. La Organización de las Naciones Unidas se ha hecho eco de esta inquietud y ha incluido como uno de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, con el número 13, «La acción por el clima», que se ha de materializar en «Adoptar medidas urgentes para combatir el cambio climático y sus efectos
The Fumier Sequences of El Mirador: An Approach to Fire as a Sociocultural Practice and Taphonomic Agent
No full textFumier sequences play a primary role in the study of livestock management and the use of space in prehistoric pastoralist societies. These sequences are formed when dung accumulated in sheepfold caves and rock shelters is burnt, resulting in an overlapping of burnt and unburnt sedimentary layers. Thus, fire is a key taphonomic agent in the formation and alteration of fumier sequences.
The characteristics, functions, and management of burning events influence the preservation of the macro- and micro-remains potentially biasing the interpretation of the archeological record. Therefore, it is important to understand the taphonomic effects of fire in fumier sequences.
In this chapter, we use a multi-scalar and interdisciplinary approach to the study of burning events at El Mirador cave. We analyzed the phytolith, fecal spherulites, pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPP), and parasite remains in the fumier sequence, together with the mineral (FTIR) and magnetic properties of the sediments. In addition, we studied the effects of fire on the macrofaunal assemblages. The results obtained here provide the basis for a tapho-diagenetic framework that illustrates robustly the formation dynamics of the El Mirador fumier sequences.Authors thank the support of the Spanish Ministry of Universities and European Union-NextGenerationEU (Margarita Salas Grants), European Social Fund (Operational Programme for Castilla y León) and the Junta de Castilla y León (Consejería de Educación). The support of the projects PID2019-107113RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, PID2019-105796GB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 and PID2019-108753GB-C21/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 (financed by Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain) and BU235P18 (funded by Junta de Castilla y León and European Fund of Regional Development) is also appreciated by the authors. This research was developed within the framework of various projects from the Spanish Government-MICINN-FEDER (PGC2018-093925-B-C32) and Generalitat de Catalunya-AGAUR projects (2017 SGR 836 and 2017 SGR 1040) and URV projects (2018PFR-URV-B2-91). The Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the María de Maeztu program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000945-M)
A Log-Linear Analysis of Efficiency in Wheelchair Basketball According to Player Classification
No full textWithin the framework of observational methodology, we conducted a log-linear analysis to study efficiency in relation to players’ functional ability in wheelchair basketball by analyzing associations between the position of the last pass before a shot, a shot position, and a shot result (favorable or unfavorable). The observation sample contained all offensive sequences ending in a shot by the US men’s wheelchair basketball team, who won the gold medal at the 2016 Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. Data were annotated and coded in the Lince software program and their reliability confirmed by measuring interobserver agreement using Cohen’s kappa statistics. Log-linear modeling showed that the models generated to explain offensive sequences ending in a shot by players with greater functional ability were closest to models observed for professional basketball players and were the only models to show significant effects in terms of efficiency.The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of a Spanish government subproject Integration ways between qualitative and quantitative data, multiple case development, and synthesis review as main axis for an innovative future in physical activity and sports research [PGC2018-098742-B-C31] (2019-2021) (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades / Agencia Estatal de Investigación / Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), that is part of the coordinated project New approach of research in physical activity and sport from mixed methods perspective (NARPAS_MM) [SPGC201800X098742CV0]. In addition, authors thank for the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya Research Group, GRUP DE RECERCA I INNOVACIÓ EN DISSENYS (GRID). Tecnología i aplicació multimedia i digital als dissenys observacionals [Grant number 2017 SGR 1405]. Also, this study was funded by grants from the University of La Rioja-Santander Bank
El cementerio extramuros de la Iglesia de San Esteban y los posteriores usos de este área hasta nuestros días
Get PDFEl Monasterio de San Miguel de los Ángeles de Villadiego: fundación y mecenazgo de la familia Rodríguez de Santa Cruz
Get PDFAntimicrobial properties and volatile profile of bread and biscuits melanoidins
Get PDFThis work gives novel information about the antimicrobial effect and volatiles of melanoidins isolated from Maria biscuit, common and soft bread. Melanoidins were isolated from scraped and sieved crusts (1 mm), after gluten digestion, 10 kDa ultrafiltration, and diafiltration. Finally, they were freeze-dried. Headspace solid-phase dynamic extraction coupled with a gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometer was used to determine the volatile profiles. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated against isolated strains of the most relevant food spoilage and pathogen microorganisms, together with some molds and yeasts. Melanoidins from common bread exhibited the most extensive antimicrobial activities and showed the most composite volatile profile. No undesirable compounds, such as furfural and 5-hydroxy-methyl-furfural, were found in any of the melanoidins studied. The obtained data pointed out that bakery melanoidins can exert effective food technological properties as natural antimicrobials that can improve shelf-life and security of foodstuffs, together with a possible contribution to food aroma.Government of Autonomous Community of Castile-Leon and FEDER funds [JCyL/FEDER, BU243P18]
Toxicological assessment of nanocrystalline metal alloys with potential applications in the aeronautical field
Get PDFThe development of new candidate alloys with outstanding characteristics for their use in the aeronautical field is one of the main priorities for the sector. In this context, nanocrystaline (nc) alloys are considered relevant materials due to their special features, such as their exceptional physical and mechanical properties. However, another important point that needs to be considered with newly developed alloys is the potential toxicological impact that these materials may have in humans and other living organisms. The aim of this work was to perform a preliminary toxicological evaluation of three nc metal alloys (WCu, WAl and TiAl) in powder form produced by mechanical alloying, applying different in vitro assays, including a mix of W-Cu powders with standard grain size in the experiments to stablish comparisons. The effects of the direct exposure to powder suspensions and/or to their derived leachates were analysed in three model organisms representative of human and environmental exposures (the adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line A549, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the Gram negative bacterium Vibrio fischeri). Altogether, the results obtained provide new insights about the potential harmful effects of the selected nc alloys, showing that, from a toxicological perspective, nc TiAl is the safest candidate in the model organisms and conditions tested.EU Horizon 2020 projects ICARUS (H2020-FETOPEN-2014-2015-RIA, grant agreement N° 713514) and ICARUS-INAS (FETOPEN-03-2018-2019-2020, Grant agreement N° 946174)
Juventud irlandesa, materialismo y posfeminismo: la crítica tras el romance en "Gente normal"
No full text"Normal People", the TV series, aired in Ireland during the pandemic lockdown in spring 2020 and became an instant hit. This romantic drama, based on Sally Rooney’s acclaimed novel, offers an updated representation of the tensions inherent in the process of growing up for Irish youth, a context extensive to other Western countries. The aim of this article is to explore the critique behind the romance through an in-depth interpretation of the protagonists’ problematic process of coming-of-age. For this purpose, the dramatic aspects of this cinematic narrative are explored in terms of composition, narration and focalization. Under the critical lens of postfeminism, this article analyses how psychological violence and explicit and rough sex are used in the series as forms of (mis)communication, with a particular interest in the combination of camera work, dialogues and silences. Finally, this article assesses to what extent Normal Peoplenaturalizes mundane life and succeeds in adhering to the romantic plot within the frame of neoliberal and postfeminist values.La serie televisiva "Gente normal" se emitió en Irlanda durante el confinamiento de la pandemia Covid-19, en la primavera de 2020, convirtiéndose instantáneamente en un gran éxito. Este drama romántico, basado en la aclamada novela de Sally Rooney, ofrece una representación actualizada de las tensiones propias del proceso de crecimiento de la juventud irlandesa, un contexto también extensible a otros países occidentales. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la crítica subyacente a la historia romántica a través de un estudio en profundidad del paso a la edad adulta de los protagonistas en una sociedad neoliberal. Para ello, se exploran los aspectos dramáticos de esta narrativa cinematográfica en términos de composición, narración y focalización. Desde una perspectiva crítica postfeminista, este artículo analiza el uso de la violencia psicológica y el sexo como prácticas comunicativas, con especial atención al uso de la cámara, los diálogos y el silencio. Finalmente, se evalúa hasta qué punto Gente normal logra con éxito normalizar un modelo de vida mundano y se adhiere a la trama romántica dentro de un marco ideológico neoliberal y posfeminista