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Dataset of the work “Silver hexacyanoferrate (II) nanocrystals as a new material to improve Raman scattering enhancement during silver surface oxidation”
No full textRaman spectroscopy is a powerful analysis technique that shows its full potential when a high amplification of the Raman signal is achieved. In this sense, Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been the most widely used phenomenon for analysis. SERS provides the amplification of the Raman intensity due to the interaction of molecules with a plasmonic nanostructured surface. The enhancement of the Raman signal can be also obtained during the electrochemical oxidation of a metal electrode; this phenomenon was denoted as Electrochemical-Surface Oxidation Enhanced Raman Scattering (EC-SOERS) and yields a good Raman signal enhancement with high reproducibility. Until now, only chloride and bromide have been employed in EC-SOERS, using a silver electrode to generate silver chloride and silver bromide nanocrystals. In this work, a new EC-SOERS substrate based on the electrogeneration of silver hexacyanoferrate (II) nanocrystals is presented which provides a very sensitive Raman response. The electrogeneration of this new material can be easily followed using spectroelectrochemistry since the characteristic Raman bands of the nanocrystals lie outside of the fingerprint region used for the analysis where the detection of most of the target molecules is performed. Indigo Carmine has been selected as target molecule, obtaining a very good response at nanomolar level under Raman resonance and nonresonance conditions.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevier B.V. Authors acknowledge the financial support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PID2020–113154RB-C21), and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (RED2022–134120-T). S.H. thanks JCyL and European Social Fund for her postdoctoral fellowship and M.P.-E. thanks JCyL and European Social Fund for his predoctoral fellowship. W.Ch. acknowledges Junta de Castilla y Leon for his postdoctoral fellowship (Grant BU297P18) and funding received from European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie grant agreement No 101031622
Dataset of the work “Raman, UV-Vis Absorption, and Fluorescence Spectroelectrochemistry for Studying the Enhancement of the Raman Scattering Using Nanocrystals Activated by Metal Cations”
No full textRaman signal enhancement is fundamental to develop different analytical tools for chemical analysis, interface reaction studies, or new materials characterization, among others. Thus, phenomena such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been used for decades to increase the sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy, leading to a huge development of this field. Recently, an alternative method to SERS for the amplification of Raman signals has been reported. This method, known as electrochemical surface oxidation-enhanced Raman scattering (EC-SOERS), has been experimentally described. However, to date, it has not yet been fully understood. In this work, new experimental data that clarify the origin of the Raman enhancement in SOERS are provided. The use of a complete and unique set of combined spectroelectrochemistry techniques, including time-resolved operando UV?vis absorption, fluorescence, and Raman spectroelectrochemistry, reveals that such enhancement is related to the generation of dielectric or semiconductor nanocrystals on the surface of the electrode and that the interaction between the target molecule and the dielectric substrate is mediated by metal cations. According to these results, the interaction metal electrode?nanocrystal?metal cation?molecule is proposed as being responsible for the Raman enhancement in Ag and Cu substrates. Elucidation of the origin of the Raman enhancement will help to promote the rational design of SOERS substrates as an attractive alternative to the well-known SERS phenomenon.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with American Chemical Society (ACS). This work was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio?n and Agencia Estatal de Investigacio?n (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2020-113154RB-C21), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacio?n y Universidades (RED2022-134120-T). S.H. acknowledges Junta de Castilla y León and European Social Found for her postdoctoral contract. M.P.-E. acknowledges Junta de Castilla y León and European Social Found for his predoctoral contract. W.C. acknowledges Junta de Castilla y León for his postdoctoral fellowship (grant BU297P18) and funding received from the Marie Sklodowska-Curie postdoctoral fellowship (grant MSCA-IF-EF-ST 2020/101031622). J.V. P.-R. acknowledges Ministerio de Universidades and NextGenerationEU for his Maria Zambrano fellowship
Obtención de miel en polvo e investigación de sus propiedades físico-químicas y biológicas
No full textLa presente Tesis Doctoral titulada «Obtención de miel en polvo e investigación de sus propiedades físico-químicas y biológicas», tiene como objetivo general la obtención de miel en polvo seleccionando el procedimiento tecnológico y el coadyuvante más adecuado, así como evaluar el impacto de los procesos de desecación sobre las propiedades físico-químicas, funcionales y microbiológicas del producto final, comparándolo con los valores de las mismas mieles naturales. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se utilizaron nueve muestras de mieles castellano-leonesas de diferentes orígenes botánicos: 3 mieles de brecina (Calluna vulgaris, (L.) Hull), 2 mieles de tomillo (Thymus sp.), 3 mieles de lavanda (Lavandula sp.), 1 miel de veza (Leguminosae tipo Vicia sp.) y tres mieles de milflores.This Doctoral Thesis, entitled «Production of powdered honey and investigation of its physicochemical and biological properties», is aimed to research the production of powdered honey by choosing the most suitable technological process and carrier, as well as evaluating the impact of the drying technique on the physicochemical, functional, and microbiological properties of the final product, comparing them with those of natural raw honey. For this study, nine honeys from Castilla y León, were dehydrated and powdered. Botanical origins were the following: Three samples were lingheather (Calluna vulgaris, (L.) Hull) honeys. Two samples were thyme (Thymus spp.) honeys. Three samples were lavender (Lavandula spp.) honeys. One sample was vetch (Leguminosae type Vicia spp.) honey and three samples were multifloral honeys.La autora de esta Memoria ha sido beneficiaria de una ayuda destinada a la contratación de personal técnico de apoyo a la investigación por las Universidades Públicas de Castilla y León, para jóvenes incluidos en el Sistema Nacional de Garantia Juvenil cofinanciadas por el Fondo Social Europeo y la Iniciativa de Empleo Juvenil convocada por Orden de 30 de noviembre de 2018, de la Consejería de Educación. El trabajo de investigación que ha dado lugar a esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido desarrollado en la Universidad de Burgos y ha sido financiado a través del proyecto BU041G18 de la Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León
Can Immersive Virtual Reality Environments Improve Stress Reduction? Experimental Design with Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training
Get PDFPsychological relaxation techniques are now fundamental in stress-management and anxiety-disorder prevention training. Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) stands out among various other training programmes. However, some limitations restrict its widespread usage, such as the requirements for a therapist to be in attendance and for patients to close their eyes during treatment. In such cases, support through immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) during the training procedure may be a suitable solution. In this study, an iVR application was developed for individuals undergoing PMR training, and an experimental design with both independent and subjective measures was conducted to compare this novel approach with conventional PMR training. The study was validated in two population groups: nursing undergraduates (one training session, n=63) and undergraduates following a test anxiety programme (complete training procedure: 7 sessions, n=13). The results pointed to high satisfaction and relaxation levels across all groups. No significant differences were found between the two methodologies, suggesting that the iVR application could be a useful tool in both educational and clinical contexts. In the long experience group (7 sessions), the iVR students showed higher interest which may have contributed to adherence to the entire training procedure. Furthermore, the iVR tool demonstrated potential suitability users unable to follow conventional procedures, exemplified by a student who, due to her own anxiety-related symptoms, felt very uncomfortable when instructed to close her eyes during the relaxation training.This research was partially supported by the SAVOR Project (reference number PID2023-150694OA-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by the REMAR and HUMANAID Projects (reference numbers CPP2022-009724 and TED2021-129485B-C43 respectively) funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR by “ERDF/EU”
Circular economy escape room: a teaching innovation strategy to address the ecological crisis
Get PDFIn light of the current ecological crisis, the need for new economic systems has become urgent. The circular economy emerges as a promising model: an industrial system designed to be restorative by nature. It emphasizes the use of renewable energy, the reduction and elimination of toxic chemicals, and the eradication of waste through thoughtful design (MacArthur, 2013). Following a circular economy model, this educational resource introduces an escape room activity—an immersive and interactive experience aimed at helping students grasp the principles of the circular economy in an engaging, hands-on way.GreenEdAsia project has received funding from the European’s Union Erasmus+ programme under Grant Agreement No. 101177627
“She Looks Like She’d Be a Filthy Pig in Bed”: Online Misogyny and Denigration of Women Politicians
No full textThis article summarizes the main results of a study about the disparagement of women politicians in Spain. The thematic analysis of 1,245 comments spontaneously posted on the Burbuja.info forum reveals that the commenters feel entitled to humiliate and disparage the eight female politicians embattled by the hate speech posts. While the main targets of this form of harassment have been women representatives of left-wing parties, the focus of the disparaging attacks has been the female body. This explains why those who were overweight were the most vilified, even during periods when they had a lower profile in the media.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Grant Nos. PID2023-147506OB-I00 and PID2019-105613GB-C31
Reconstruir y proteger rocas de edificios históricos a partir de un puñado de materiales
No full textMemoria del Proyecto de Investigación realizado por alumnos del I.E.S. Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente (Bachillerato de Investigación y Excelencia)Tanto las areniscas como las calizas son rocas utilizadas en edificación, y ambas pueden
degradarse tanto por el uso, como por los agentes meteorológicos (humedad, ciclos de frío,
etc.). En este trabajo se realiza un acercamiento a la utilidad de los hidrofugantes y
consolidantes en el tratamiento preventivo de esos materiales de construcción para alargar su
vida útil y evitar, en lo posible, tanto la degradación de las construcciones en sí, como la
generación de residuos y la emisión de contaminantes.Sandstones and limestones are rocks widely used in construction; however, both can be
susceptible to degradation not only from regular use but also due to environmental factors such
as humidity and freeze-thaw cycles. This project explores the potential of water repellents and
consolidants as preventive treatments for these materials, aiming to enhance their durability
while minimizing degradation, waste generation, and associated pollution emissions
Efficient Confinement of Solid Capacity Booster Powder as Monolithic Structures for High Performance Redox Mediated Flow Batteries
No full textConfinement of solid electroactive materials in the external reservoirs of Redox-Mediated Flow Batteries (RMFB) is of critical importance for the development of this family of battery technologies. Herein, an efficient strategy that is based on a flow-through configuration is proposed. Confinement of all solid particles in a single porous block (so-called monolith) that occupies the entire reservoir brings practical and fundamental advantages. The improved flow distribution across the reservoir for the flow-through configuration enables enhanced kinetics and utilization rates (twice the utilization rate in 20% shorter time). Pressure drop induced by the flow-through configuration is easily reduced by changing the reservoir geometry becoming negligible in comparison to the drop induced by the cell (value for the monolith can be as low as 0.2% of the cell value). Additionally, determination of intrinsic properties of the steady monolith prior to its encapsulation enables knowing textural properties of the reservoir which are required for fundamental aspects. While ferrocyanide – Prussian Blue (redox mediator – solid booster) is used as model system here, the versatility of this strategy enables its implementation in other systems including future chemistries.The authors acknowledge financial support by the Spanish Gov-ernment Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Ministerio de Ciencia eInnovación, Grants PID2021-124974OB-C22, PID2023-148198NB-C21,CNS2023-145051, and Ramon y Cajal award (RYC2018-026086-I), theMeBattery project (MeBattery has received funding from the EuropeanInnovation Council of the European Union under Grant Agreement no.101046742) and the Regional Government of Castilla y Leon (NextGener-ation EU/PRTR (C17. I1)). E.V. thanks the MINECO for the financial sup-port (RYC2018-026086-I). G.M.T. acknowledges the fellowship from theRegional Government of Castilla y Leon (Junta de Castilla y León), whichis partially supported by the European Social Fund