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El uso de los estereotipos en clase de ELE: hacia un aprovechamiento adecuado para la enseñanza de la competencia intercultural
No full textEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivos estudiar el uso de los estereotipos en la enseñanza del
español como lengua extranjera (ELE) y comprobar su pertinencia e idoneidad para el
entrenamiento de la competencia intercultural. El planteamiento que se ha seguido para llevar
a cabo la investigación comienza por definir los tres conceptos clave del trabajo: cultura,
competencia intercultural y estereotipo. A continuación, se han analizado las
recomendaciones sobre los estereotipos en los documentos de referencia para la enseñanza de
lenguas extranjeras (MCER y su volumen complementario) y de ELE (PCIC); también se ha
comprobado su tratamiento en materiales curriculares (manuales) y no curriculares (canales
de YouTube) de ELE.
Se ha podido constatar una clara evolución con respecto los estereotipos en ELE: se deja atrás
la percepción de los estereotipos como factores que obstaculizan el desarrollo de la
competencia intercultural. Al contrario, la tendencia actual contempla su explotación en clase
para, por un lado, ayudar a categorizar y asimilar el componente sociocultural y, por otro,
incentivar la reflexión crítica sobre la cultura meta y la propia del alumnado.This master’s dissertation aims to study the use of stereotypes in the teaching of Spanish as a
foreign language (SFL), verifying its relevance and suitability for training the intercultural
competence. The approach followed for the research begins by defining three key concepts:
culture, intercultural competence, and stereotype. Once the theoretical framework has been
settled, the paper continues by checking the recommendations on stereotypes in the reference
documents for foreign language teaching (CEFR and its complementary volume) and that of
SFL (PCIC); its treatment in SFL curricular (textbooks) and non-curricular (YouTube
channels) materials has also been reviewed.
All the above mentioned has helped verifying a clear evolution with respect to stereotypes in
SFL teaching: the perception of stereotypes as factors that hinder the development of
intercultural competence has been left behind. The current trend contemplates its usage in
class to help categorizing and assimilating the sociocultural component, and encouraging
critical reflection on both the target and the student’s own culture
Necesidades personales, relacionadas con el entorno, el ocio, la educación o el trabajo. Desarrollo
No full text
El Metaverso como espacio de marketing
No full textEl Metaverso es un nuevo espacio virtual que utiliza la tecnología para ampliar el mundo físico a través de
la realidad aumentada y virtual, y ofrece una oportunidad a las empresas y los usuarios de interactuar entre
ellos tanto en entornos reales como simulados mediante avatares y hologramas (Dwivedi, 2022). El objetivo
de este trabajo es investigar sobre la evolución, los beneficios, los retos y las aplicaciones prácticas de este
mundo virtual, haciendo especial detenimiento en la utilidad que tiene el Metaverso en la mercadotecnia.
En este sentido, se han expuesto casos reales de empresas que actualmente están utilizando este espacio
como una herramienta de marketing y publicidad, así como opiniones de trabajadores expertos en la
materia. La metodología seguida en este estudio combina una encuesta a una muestra poblacional, con
unas entrevistas a trabajadores de varias empresas familiarizados con el uso del Metaverso para recoger
datos, opiniones y experiencias.The Metaverse is a new virtual space that uses technology to extend the physical world through augmented
and virtual reality, and offers an opportunity for businesses and users to interact with each other in both real
and simulated environments through avatars and holograms (Dwivedi, 2022). The aim of this paper is to
investigate the evolution, benefits, challenges and practical applications of this virtual world, with a special
focus on the usefulness of the Metaverse in marketing. In this sense, real cases of companies that are
currently using this space as a marketing and advertising tool have been presented, as well as the opinions
of expert workers in the field. The methodology followed in this study combines a survey of a sample
population with interviews with employees of several companies familiar with the use of the Metaverse to
collect data, opinions and experiences
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment and Cost Analysis of the Production of Ti6Al4V-TiC Metal–Matrix Composite Powder by High-Energy Ball Milling and Ti6Al4V Powder by Gas Atomization
Get PDFEnvironmental awareness and the necessary reduction in costs in industrial processes has facilitated the development of novel techniques such as Additive Manufacturing, decreasing the amount of raw materials and energy needed. The longing for improved materials with different and enhanced properties has resulted in research efforts in the Metal Matrix Composites field. These two novelties combined minimise environmental impacts and costs without compromising technical properties. Two technologies can feed Additive Manufacturing techniques with metallic powder: Gas Atomization and High Energy Ball Milling. This study provides a comparative Life Cycle Assessment of these technologies to produce one kilogram of metallic powder for the Directed Energy Deposition technique: a Ti6Al4V alloy, and a Ti6Al4V-TiC Metal–Matrix Composite, respectively. The LCA methodology is according to ISO 14040:2006, and large amounts of information on the use of raw materials, energy consumption, and environmental impacts is provided. Different impact categories following the Environmental Footprint methodology were analysed, showing a big difference between both technologies, with an 87.8% reduction of kg CO2 eq. emitted by High Energy Ball Milling in comparison with Gas Atomization. In addition, an economic analysis was performed, addressing the viability perspective and decision making and showing a 17.2% cost reduction in the conventional process.This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 814552) in the context of the LightMe project. It also received funds from the Board of Education of Junta de Castilla y León and the European Social Fund (EDU/1508/2020)
Spanish-Portuguese Serial Fiction as a Politainment Tool: Representations of Politics on Iberian Television
Get PDFArtículo publicado en el número temático dedicado a: Political Communication in Times of Spectacularisation: Digital Narratives, Engagement, and PolitainmentThis article deals with recent Spanish and Portuguese political television series. Within this sub-genre, it is pertinent to consider the symbolic construction of politics, as well as the differences caused by each series’ geographical adscription. Six Spanish productions have been selected—Isabel (Isabella the Catholic), Carlos Rey Emperador (Charles the Emperor King), La Embajada (The Embassy), Crematorio (Crematorium), Vamos Juan/Venga Juan (Come on, Juan/Let’s go Juan), and El Partido (The Party)—along with three Portuguese productions—A Rainha e a Bastarda (The Queen and the Bastard), Teorias da Conspiração (Conspiracy Theories), and Os Boys (The Boys). The narrative of these audio-visual stories has been examined utilising qualitative content analysis, looking at the plotlines and characters involved. The type of characterisation of politics has been identified by means of the deconstruction of the main characters. The conclusion is that the evaluation is eminently negative, although differential frameworks are present, depending, in particular, on the fiction’s genre, either historical drama, drama-thriller, or comedy.This article is part of the project titled “‘Politainment’ in the Face of Media Fragmentation: Disintermediation, Engagement and Polarisation” (PID2020–114193RB‐ I00), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
Dataset of the work “Multiamperometric-SERS detection of melamine on gold screen-printed electrodes”
No full textA new, simple and fast protocol to generate gold-based SERS substrates is presented in this work. Melamine is a compound widely used in the industry that can be toxic for humans if consumed even in low concentrations. EC-SERS is an excellent alternative to classical methods to detect and quantify this compound because Raman spectroscopy provides a fingerprint of the molecules, providing very good sensitivity. In this work, time-resolved Raman spectroelectrochemistry is employed to generate a SERS substrate and to detect melamine, all in a single experiment. The dynamic character of this technique provides valuable information about the interaction of the molecule with the generated substrate. An optimization of the spectroelectrochemical method based on a multi-pulse amperometric detection has been performed. The new protocol presented in this work shows significant figures of merit in a very short experiment time, just 25 s.Authors acknowledge the financial support from Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion /10.13039/501100011033 (Grant PID2020-113154RB-C21) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Grant RED2018-102412-T). W. Ch. thanks JCyL for his postdoctoral fellowship (Grant BU297P18). S.H. and M.P-E. thank JCyL and European Social Fund for their predoctoral fellowships
Dataset of the work “Normal or parallel configuration in spectroelectrochemistry? Bidimensional spectroelectroanalysis in presence of an antioxidant compound”
No full textThis work demonstrates how the way a chemical system is sampled plays a key role in spectroelectroanalysis, illustrated by the quantification of an analyte in presence of an antioxidant compound. For this purpose, bidimensional spectroelectrochemistry experiments were performed using epinephrine as the model analyte and ascorbic acid as antioxidant and interfering compound, as a proof of concept. This is the first time that three calibration curves are obtained simultaneously on a single spectroelectrochemistry data set, one for the electrochemical signal and two for the optical responses in normal and parallel configurations. The differences between the two optical arrangements, that are related to the diffusion process which is an essential feature for the spectroelectrochemical detection of compounds, have been experimentally demonstrated. As can be observed, the spectral signal in parallel configuration allows us to obtain the best analytical results, since in this configuration only the first micrometers of the solution adjacent to the electrode surface are sampled, thus removing the interfering effect of the antioxidant compound. This fact does not occur with either the electrochemical signal or the spectral response in normal configuration. Furthermore, it has been shown that the parallel configuration provides better results than the normal configuration in terms of sensitivity. In summary, epinephrine is successfully detected in a simple and effective way, even in the presence of a direct antioxidant compound such as ascorbic acid at different concentrations levels, which makes spectroelectrochemistry a good choice for quantitative analysis.Authors acknowledge the financial support given by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, PID2020-113154RB-C21) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Grant RED2018-102412-T). Fabiola Olmo is grateful for the contract funded by Junta de Castilla y Leon, the European Social Fund, and the Youth Employment Initiative
Valorization of onion skin wastes: subcritical water extraction of pectin and membrane downstream processing
Get PDFPóster presentado en: 19th European meeting on Supercritical Fluids (EMSF 2023), organized by the International Society for the Advancement of Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, 21-24 may, 2023Onion skin wastes (OSW) represent 10% of the onion production (104 Mt worldwide, 2020) and end up in landfills because they are not suitable for human consumption or animal feeding. OWS are a source of quercetin and pectin, a biopolymer of 1,4‐D‐galacturonic acid (GalA) highly demanded by the industry.To Agencia Estatal de Investigación for the grant number PID2020-116716RJ-I00/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 and TED2021-129311B-I00] and Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [grant number BU050P20]
Proceso de sensibilización en la modalidad de escolarización combinada en TEA
Get PDFEl número de personas diagnosticadas con autismo, está incrementando a medida que pasa el tiempo, por ello, es de gran importancia que se de una respuesta ajustada a sus necesidades. La modalidad de escolarización del Alumnado con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (ACNEE) es un aspecto decisivo para asegurar una educación de calidad a todo el alumnado mediante el desarrollo de entornos inclusivos dentro de los centros educativos. Por estos mismos motivos, en el presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado el principal objetivo es elaborar un protocolo sobre el procedimiento de escolarización combinada de las personas diagnosticada con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) que pueda garantizar la toma de decisiones y los procedimientos a la hora de llevar a cabo esta modalidad de escolarización.The number of people diagnosed with autism is increasing as time passes, therefore, it is of great importance that a response is given adjusted to their needs. The modality of schooling of Students with Special Educational Needs (ACNEE) is a decisive aspect to ensure a quality education to all students through the development of inclusive environments within educational centers. For these same reasons, In this Final Degree Project the main objective is to develop a protocol on the combined schooling procedure of people diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that can guarantee decision making and procedures when carrying out this modality of schooling