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Customers' predisposition to use mobile banking: resource's availability is decisive
No full textThe mobile banking channel, although thriving, has been characterised by features such as lack of information or difficult accessibility to direct advice in the mobile communication between clients and banks, making clients' use of mobile banking services challenging. The failure of mobile banking to provide some traditional banking services is considered a shortage, further leaving negative consequences on mobile banking usage. Thus, in the attempt to understand and mitigate these negative effects, with data from 1,429 actual mobile banking clients, this study identifies the adverse influence of the mobile banking inadequacies on clients' satisfaction, permission-based mobile marketing tendencies and word-of-mouth. With the idea to overcome the limitations to the mobile banking use, two groups of clients were distinguished, recognising that positive or negative relations are stimulated in accordance with clients' perception of the importance of ubiquity, as the unique mobile banking attribute
Dataset of the paper “A multistart tabu search–based method for feature selection in medical applications". Scientific Reports, 13, 17140
No full textIn the design of classification models, irrelevant or noisy features are often generated. In some cases, there may even be negative interactions among features. These weaknesses can degrade the performance of the models. Feature selection is a task that searches for a small subset of relevant features from the original set that generate the most efficient models possible. In addition to improving the efficiency of the models, feature selection confers other advantages, such as greater ease in the generation of the necessary data as well as clearer and more interpretable models. In the case of medical applications, feature selection may help to distinguish which characteristics, habits, and factors have the greatest impact on the onset of diseases. However, feature selection is a complex task due to the large number of possible solutions. In the last few years, methods based on different metaheuristic strategies, mainly evolutionary algorithms, have been proposed. The motivation of this work is to develop a method that outperforms previous methods, with the benefits that this implies especially in the medical field. More precisely, the present study proposes a simple method based on tabu search and multistart techniques. The proposed method was analyzed and compared to other methods by testing their performance on several medical databases. Specifically, eight databases belong to the well-known repository of the University of California in Irvine and one of our own design were used. In these computational tests, the proposed method outperformed other recent methods as gauged by various metrics and classifiers. The analyses were accompanied by statistical tests, the results of which showed that the superiority of our method is significant and therefore strengthened these conclusions. In short, the contribution of this work is the development of a method that, on the one hand, is based on different strategies than those used in recent methods, and on the other hand, improves the performance of these methods.This work was partially supported by FEDER funds and the Spanish State Research Agency (Projects PID2019-104263RB-C44 and PDC2021–121021-C22); the Regional Government of “Castilla y León”, Spain (Project BU071G19); the Regional Government of “Castilla y León”; and FEDER funds (Project BU056P20)
Mujeres en la élite del poder. La presencia de las mujeres en los gabinetes ministeriales latinoamericanos (1978–2021)
No full textExiste un consenso académico, con base en la evidencia empírica, en torno a la idea
de que los gabinetes ministeriales latinoamericanos están “generizados”. Así, pese al
incremento del número de mujeres en los gobiernos de la región, todavía existe una
subrepresentación respecto a la cantidad de hombres. No obstante, esta generización
no se manifiesta únicamente en términos cuantitativos, sino que se también se expresa
a partir de la distribución en la titularidad de las carteras. Mientras que los hombres
suelen ostentar los ministerios orientados a la esfera pública como Economía o Defensa,
las mujeres tienden a ocupar otras como Salud, Familia o Educación. Con el objetivo
de verificar la presencia y roles de las mujeres en los gabinetes latinoamericanos,
este trabajo explota, a través de estadística descriptiva, una base de datos original
conformada por los 6.305 ministros designados al frente de las carteras ministeriales
(5.337 hombres y 968 mujeres) de los 18 países de la región desde 1978 hasta 2021.
Del análisis se extrae que en los gabinetes no sólo existe una sobrerrepresentación de
varones, sino que las mujeres tienden a concentrarse en carteras vinculadas a lo social.There is an academic consensus, based on empirical evidence, that Latin American
ministerial cabinets are gendered. Thus, despite the increase in the number of women
in the region’s governments, there is still an underrepresentation in relation to the
number of men. However, this genericization is not only manifested in quantitative
terms, but is also expressed in terms of the distribution of portfolios. While men tend to
hold ministries oriented to the public sphere such as Economy or Defense, women tend
to occupy others such as Health, Family or Education. In order to verify the presence
and roles of women in Latin American cabinets, this paper uses descriptive statistics to
explore an original database made up of the analyzes of the 6,305 ministers appointed
to lead the ministerial portfolios (5,337 men and 968 women) from the 18 countries of
the region from 1978 to 2021. From the analysis it can be extracted that in the cabinets
there is not only an overrepresentation of men, but that women tend to concentrate in
portfolios linked to the social sphere
PKN1 Kinase: A Key Player in Adipocyte Differentiation and Glucose Metabolism
No full textAdipocyte dysfunction is the driver of obesity and correlates with insulin resistance and the
onset of type 2 diabetes. Protein kinase N1 (PKN1) is a serine/threonine kinase that has been shown
to contribute to Glut4 translocation to the membrane and glucose transport. Here, we evaluated the
role of PKN1 in glucose metabolism under insulin-resistant conditions in primary visceral adipose
tissue (VAT) from 31 patients with obesity and in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, in vitro
studies in human VAT samples and mouse adipocytes were conducted to investigate the role of
PKN1 in the adipogenic maturation process and glucose homeostasis control. We show that insulinresistant adipocytes present a decrease in PKN1 activation levels compared to nondiabetic control
counterparts. We further show that PKN1 controls the adipogenesis process and glucose metabolism.
PKN1-silenced adipocytes present a decrease in both differentiation process and glucose uptake,
with a concomitant decrease in the expression levels of adipogenic markers, such as PPARγ, FABP4,
adiponectin and CEBPα. Altogether, these results point to PKN1 as a regulator of key signaling
pathways involved in adipocyte differentiation and as an emerging player of adipocyte insulin
responsiveness. These findings may provide new therapeutic approaches for the management of
insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.This research was funded by Plan Estratégico de Investigación e Innovación en Salud from the Generalitat de Catalunya, grant number PERIS SLT002/16/000276 and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI18/00964), Fondos FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”. C.M. has received funding from Ministerio de industria, Economía y competitividad (Ref.SAF2017-82567-R)
Object detection and tracking on UAV RGB videos for early extraction of grape phenotypic traits
No full textGrapevine phenotyping is the process of determining the physical properties (e.g., size, shape, and number) of grape bunches and berries. Grapevine phenotyping information provides valuable characteristics to monitor the sanitary status of the vine. Knowing the number and dimensions of bunches and berries at an early stage of development provides relevant information to the winegrowers about the yield to be harvested. However, the process of counting and measuring is usually done manually, which is laborious and time-consuming. Previous studies have attempted to implement bunch detection on red bunches in vineyards with leaf removal and surveys have been done using ground vehicles and handled cameras. However, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) mounted with RGB cameras, along with computer vision techniques offer a cheap, robust, and timesaving alternative. Therefore, Multi-object tracking and segmentation (MOTS) is utilized in this study to determine the traits of individual white grape bunches and berries from RGB videos obtained from a UAV acquired over a commercial vineyard with a high density of leaves. To achieve this goal two datasets with labelled images and phenotyping measurements were created and made available in a public repository. PointTrack algorithm was used for detecting and tracking the grape bunches, and two instance segmentation algorithms - YOLACT and Spatial Embeddings - have been compared for finding the most suitable approach to detect berries. It was found that the detection performs adequately for cluster detection with a MODSA of 93.85. For tracking, the results were not sufficient when trained with 679 frames.This study provides an automated pipeline for the extraction of several grape phenotyping traits described by the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) descriptors. The selected OIV descriptors are the bunch length, width, and shape (codes 202, 203, and 208, respectively) and the berry length, width, and shape (codes 220, 221, and 223, respectively). Lastly, the comparison regarding the number of detected berries per bunch indicated that Spatial Embeddings assessed berry counting more accurately (79.5%) than YOLACT (44.6%).This work has been carried out in the scope of the H2020 FlexiGroBots project, which has been funded by the European Commission in the scope of its H2020 programme (contract number 101017111, https://flexigrobots-h2020.eu/)
La configuración tributaria de la simulación en la reciente jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo
No full textEl análisis de la doctrina más reciente del Tribunal Supremo (en adelante TS) es
imprescindible para poder caracterizar la simulación en el momento actual y
definir su función en el ámbito tributario, ya que esta figura ha ido adquiriendo un
protagonismo progresivo en la práctica administrativa hasta convertirse de facto
en la “cláusula general antielusión” del sistema tributario español, desplazando
en esta función al conflicto en la aplicación de la norma. Con carácter previo al
análisis jurisprudencial es preciso hacer un breve recorrido por el marco legal y
aplicativo en el que se desenvuelve la figura de la simulación, poniendo de
manifiesto la dificultad que implica la incorporación al ámbito tributario de un
concepto acuñado en el campo del derecho civil de compleja diferenciación
práctica con el fraude de ley y que exige atender a la configuración de la
simulación en el ámbito civil
Behavior of EAF Concrete Under Cyclic Axial Loading
No full textAbstract presentado en: Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient (fib symposium) 2023, celebrado en Estambul (Turquía) durante los días 5-7 de junio.Among the different recycled aggregates that can be used to improve the sustainability of structural concretes, Electric Arc Furnce (EAF) slag were demonstrated to provide at the same time increased mechanical properties, reduced environmental impacts but also high unit mass in the final conglomerate.This work was developed within the Italy–Croatia INTERREG Project FIRESPILL—Fostering Improved Reaction of crossborder Emergency Services and Prevention Increasing safety LeveL. This research work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities, MICINN, AEI, EU, ERDF and NextGenerationEU [grant numbers PID2020-113837RB-I00; 10.13039/501100011033; TED2021-129715B-I00]; and the University of Burgos [grant number SUCONS, Y135.GI
Extraction and degradation kinetics of pectic oligosaccharides (POS) from onion skin wastes using subcritical water
No full textComunicación oral presentada en: 8th ISHA International Solvothermal and Hydrothermal Association 2023, celebrada el 10-13 de septiembre en Valladolid (España)Pectic oligosaccharides (POS) have been proposed as a new class of prebiotics due to their ability to regulate microbiota in human intestine, their anti-oxidant properties compared to other commercial oligosaccharides or their anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects1. POS are commonly obtained by partial (acid and/or enzymatic) hydrolysis of pectin. However, the growing demand of POS as functional additives for the pharma and food industries requires new sources and greener extraction strategies. In this sense, onion skin wastes (OSW) can offer great potential, since every year more than 450,000 t of OSW are discarded2, whereas subcritical water (SubW) emerges as an interesting and environmentally friendly technique to recover different valuable compounds from natural solid matrices.Acknowledgements: Agencia Estatal de Investigación [grant numbers PID2020-116716RJ-I00/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, PID2019-104950RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 and TED2021-129311B-I00
Aportaciones a la toma de decisiones de gestión empresarial utilizando metodologías de aprendizaje máquina
No full textEn la tesis se aportan 3 publicaciones elaboradas por el grupo de investigación al que pertenece el autor de la tesis (D. Luis Santiago García Pineda) En el primer trabajo se analiza la sostenibilidad de la actividad del transporte por carretera en España a través del uso de Parcelas Exploratorias Híbridas No Supervisadas (HUEP,s) utilizando una metodología novedosa que combina EPP (Persecución de Proyecciones Exploratorias) con métodos de clusterización o agrupamiento de datos (K-means y Aglomerativo). En el segundo se analiza la sostenibilidad económica de las cadenas de suministro de distintos sectores mediante la aplicación del predictor Altman Z-Score. Se obtiene un ranking de probabilidad de quiebra de las cadenas de suministro de las empresas, según el sector al que pertenecen. Y en el tercero se lleva a cabo un análisis de series temporales mediante redes neuronales para predecir el precio del acero laminado en caliente (HRC) en España.Doctorado en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Industrial, Informática y Civi