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New works attributable to he sculptor Francisco Giralte in the province of Palencia
No full textEn este artículo se atribuyen unas obras de escultura en madera policromada inéditas en la provincia de Palencia al escultor Francisco Giralte.This article attributes unpublished works of polychrome wood sculpture in the province of Palencia to the sculptor Francisco Giralte
A new efficient sample pooling procedure for qualitative screening analysis. Application to the detection of salmonella spp and nut allergen by PCR
No full textFoodborne pathogens and allergens are a major concern for public health that determines food safety policy, and their screening could be improved using pooled samples.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a cost-effective and accurate pooling strategy for the unambiguous identification of foodborne pathogens and allergens, enabling laboratories to redouble testing capacity while saving time and making optimal use of resources.
Although a variety of pooling algorithms have been used in different fields, the strategy suggested here is a logical analysis of sample pooling aimed at qualitative analytical screening problems. It involves, on the one hand, a design matrix to make the pooled samples, which is a supersaturated-based design, particularly, a half-fraction of a Plackett-Burman. On the other hand, a logical (non-algebraic) modeling of the problem, as well as a logical procedure for the identification of the original positive samples, is included.
Regarding the efficiency of the proposal, it is higher than that of other pooling algorithms, with an expected number of tests per individual sample ranging between 0.10, for a prevalence below 1%, and 0.59, for a prevalence above 10%. In terms of accuracy, the pooling sensitivity reaches 0.9697 for a sensitivity of the analytical test about 0.99, while pooling specificity ranges from 0.9872 to 0.9999, provided that the sensitivity and specificity of the analytical test are equal to or greater than 0.90.
This pooling strategy has been applied to the detection of salmonella spp and nut allergen with complete identification of the contaminated samples. Furthermore, based on the EU reported food samples contaminated with salmonella, a comprehensive comparison between individual sampling and the applied pooling strategy has been conducted. For the specific case of salmonella, detailed calculations have been made on the expected efficiency gains induced by this pooling methodology for different types of food samples monitored in the EU.This work was supported by Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León through project BU052P20 co-financed with European Regional Development Funds. The authors thank Dr. Laura Rubio for applying the double-blind protocol to dope the samples and AGROLAB S.L.U, Burgos (Spain) for the careful preparation of the pooled samples
The application of the reception directive by the Court of Justice of the European Union
Get PDFEsta publicación examina y valora las principales aportaciones con las
que el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea ha esclarecido, a través de su
diversa jurisprudencia, una parte importante de los contenidos jurídicos de la
Directiva 2013/33/UE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 26 de junio de
2013, por la que se aprueban normas para la acogida de los solicitantes de protección internacional. Con ellas, dicho tribunal ha sabido establecer determinadas líneas jurisprudenciales con las que ha incidido especialmente en el internamiento
del solicitante de protección internacional, la especial protección de las personas
vulnerables, las condiciones materiales de acogida y las sanciones. En suma, ha
promovido una aplicación de la Directiva mucho más humana, práctica y garantista para quienes solicitan protección internacional en alguno de los Estados
miembros de la Unión Europea.This publication examines and assesses the main contributions with
which the Court of Justice of the European Union has clarified, through its diverse jurisprudence, an important part of the legal content of Directive 2013/33/EU
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 laying down standards for the reception of applicants for international protection. With them, said
court has been able to establish certain jurisprudential lines with which it has had
a special impact on the detention of the applicant for international protection,
the special protection of vulnerable persons, the material reception conditions
and the sanctions. In short, it has promoted a much more humane, practical and
guaranteeing application of the Directive for those who request international protection in any of the Member States of the European Union
Headspace detection of ethanethiol in wine by cobalt phthalocyanine modified screen-printed carbon electrodes
No full textThe formation of thiols has a notable and detrimental sensory impact, especially in the aroma of bottled wines. Their detection in wine is of great interest to avoid important economic and image losses for wineries. This work reports the study of different cobalt phthalocyanine/nanomaterials-based sensors for the headspace detection of volatile thiols. The amperometric procedure based on the use of carbon sensors simply modified with cobalt phthalocyanine showed the best performance. Under the optimum conditions of applied potential, +0.8 V, and pH of the supporting electrolyte, 2.6, this procedure shows a reproducibility of 7% (n = 5) in terms of relative standard deviation of the slopes of calibration curves built in the concentration range from 9.9 to 82.6 μg/L, a capability of detection of 12.5 μg/L and a decision limit of 6.5 μg/L (α = β = 0.05). The use of this electrocatalytic material and the headspace measurements reduce interferents, increasing the selectivity of the procedure, which allows the easy and successful quantification of ethanethiol in white and red wines.Authors would like to acknowledge funding from Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2020-117095RB-I00)
Semi-supervised learning for industrial fault detection and diagnosis: A systemic review
Get PDFThe automation of Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) is a central task for many industries today. A myriad of methods are in use, although the most recent leading contenders are data-driven approaches and especially Machine Learning (ML) methods. ML algorithms fall into two main categories: supervised and unsupervised methods, depending on whether or not the instances are labeled with the expected outputs. However, a new approach called Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has recently emerged that uses a few labeled instances together with other unlabeled instances for the training process. This new approach can significantly improve the accuracy of conventional ML models for industrial environments where labeled data are scarce. SSL has been tested as a promising solution over the past few years for several FDD problems, although there have been no systemic reviews of this sort of approach up until the present review. In this study, an attempt to organize the existing literature on SSL for FDD using the taxonomy of van Engelen & Hoos is reported. The most and the least frequently used SSL algorithms are identified and considered in terms of different fault detection tasks and their most common dataset structure. Moreover, a set of best practices are proposed in the conclusions of this work for implementation under real industrial conditions, so as to avoid some of the most common faults.This work was supported by the Junta de Castilla y León under project BUR055P20 (JCyL/FEDER, UE), the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under the projects PID2020-119894GB-I00 and TED2021-129485B-C43, co-financed through European Union FEDER funds. It also was supported through the Consejería de Educación of the Junta de Castilla y León and the European Social Fund through a pre-doctoral grant (EDU/875/2021)
Main morphological characteristics and sexual dimorphism of hominin adult femora from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)
No full textThe excellent fossil record from Sima de los Huesos (SH) includes three well-known complete adult femora and several partial specimens that have not yet been published in detail. This fossil record provides an opportunity to analyze the morphology of European pre-Neandertal adult femur and its variation with different evolution patterns. Currently, there are a minimum of five adult individuals (males or females). In this study, we compiled previously published basic anatomical and biometric characteristics of SH adult femora, emphasizing the most relevant features compared to other recent and fossil hominins. The SH femora exhibited a primitive morphological pattern common to all non-Homo sapiens femora, as well as most of the Neandertal traits. Therefore, the complete Upper Pleistocene Neandertal pattern was well-established in Middle Pleistocene ancestors long before the proper Neandertals appeared. Additionally, we highlight that the SH and Neandertal femora share some morphological traits and proportions with modern humans that hold sexual significance in our species, regardless of size. Keeping this in mind, we discussed the sex determination of the complete SH specimens and re-evaluated sex allocation in two of them.The Atapuerca research project is financed by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades Grant PID2021-122355NB-C31 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ERDF A way of making Europe.” Fieldwork at the Atapuerca sites is funded by the Junta de Castilla y León and Fundación Atapuerca
Smartphones, the new addiction: Causes and Consequences for Elementary and High School Students According to Teachers and Experts
Get PDFA major concern is how to tackle student smartphone addiction (SSA). First, however, analysis of the definition, causes, and consequences of SSA is necessary. There is a lack of consensus in this regard, and little research considers its multidisciplinary nature. This article first reviews the key literature across different disciplines. Based on this review, a conceptual model of SSA, its causes, and its consequences is proposed. Qualitative analysis is then used to explore this model empirically for the case of elementary and high school students. A total of 90 articles were reviewed. In addition, 33 in-depth interviews with experts and teachers from four European countries were conducted. The literature review shows the multifaceted nature of SSA. According to the literature, SSA is the result of biological, psychological, social, and technological factors and leads to health, performance, and social problems. The qualitative analysis identifies specific areas to develop this proposed conceptual model, based on the views of experts and teachers in relation to SSA.The authors wish to express their gratitude to the European Commission (Erasmus + program) for the funding received to carry out the European project addressing mobile addiction, within which the present work is framed (reference 2019-1-ES01-KA201-064250). Also, the authors want to thank experts on youngest addictions and teachers of primary and secondary schools for taking part in the interviews and focus groups
