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Processing of time-related words and images: a new approach to the mental timeline
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to investigate whether information related to time concepts, such as future and past, is processed according to a mental spatial schema, even when presented under conscious and non-conscious perceptual conditions. For this purpose, a sample of 212 healthy Western adults (M = 21.9; SD = 4.9) was selected and instructed to classify words presented parafoveally (Experiment 1A) or foveally (Experiment 1B), and pictures displayed foveally (Experiment 2), as having either‘past’ or ‘future’ meaning. The stimuli were followed by an immediate mask (nonconscious processing) or after a delay (conscious processing). The ANOVA showed a performance pattern congruent with the left-past right-future conceptual metaphor, regardless of target location, stimulus type, and processing level. This novel procedure could be a valuable method for examining the mental timeline, which determines how we classify these temporal stimuli, even when they are not consciously perceived. The observed response pattern is likely to be influenced by cultural factors, such as the direction of reading and writing. However, it is unclear whether individual characteristics, such as the availability and/or distribution of cognitive resources, may also play a role in organizing temporal information in a personalized spatial order. This indicates a need for further research
Asymetric and sexist polarization: Political Self-Positioning as a Moderator of the relationship between Extremism and the Justification of Violence among Adolescents
No full textIn this paper, we present the results of a study on violent extremism and political self-positioning of adolescents in the province of Almerí (Spain). This research is based on a questionnaire conducted in secondary schools in Almerí (4) and Madrid (1) in May 2022. We tried to answer the following questions: are social extremism and the justification of violent illegal acts related? To what extent does political self-positioning moderate the relationship between extremism and the justification of violence among Alpha Generation adolescents? Does this occur in the same way for boys and girls? We proceeded to adapt and validate a scale of violent extremism. For a sample of 1,170 students aged 12–19 years, a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted for a multicategorical moderator variable. The results indicate that political polarization among adolescents does not manifest itself in the same way for those who identify with the most radical ideologies on the political spectrum. The endorsement of pro-violence attitudes is a notable phenomenon, particularly among boys who align with the political extreme right
Effect of phosphorus and nitrogen levels and light emissions diodes illumination on growth and carotenoid synthesis in Jaagichlorella luteoviridis. Optimization of carotenoid extraction
Full text linkModifying incident irradiance and colour can increase microalgal composition and productivity. The objective of
this work was to evaluate the effects of LED light on Heterochlorella luteoviridis, recently renamed as Jaagichlorella
luteoviridis, simulating circadian solar radiation. The influence of white, red, and blue light on the growth rate
and biomass composition was studied. Prior to this, the optimal N/P ratio and initial nitrate concentration were
investigated. Carotenoid extraction was also optimized for this microalga. To achieve complete carotenoid
extraction, J. luteoviridis required a temperature of 60 ◦C and 20 % KOH. Furthermore, an N/P = 5 increased the
carotenoid content by 10 % while an initial nitrate concentration of 10.59 mM exceeded the carotenoid productivity of the control by 48 %. An increase in white irradiance led to a higher biomass growth rate and protein
content but lower carotenoid and lipid contents. In contrast, an increase in red light resulted in a higher growth
rate, while blue light increased the high-value products content
A validated low-cost model for precise water leak detection in irrigation ponds (WLDIP)
Full text linkEfficient water management in agriculture is crucial for global food security and environmental sustainability, especially in water-scarce regions. Undetected leaks in irrigation ponds lead to significant water losses and increased operational costs. This study aimed to propose a low-cost Water Leak Detection model for Irrigation Ponds (WLDIP), capable of estimating both the location (height) and size of leaks, thereby helping to reduce agricultural water losses. The methodology integrates continuous water level measurements with a detailed water balance model, considering variables such as inflows, outflows, evaporation, and thermal expansion of both the water and the reservoir structure. The model relies on measuring water height every 15 min over a week and uses meteorological data to account for evaporation and thermal expansion. Least squares optimization compares measured data with the model’s calculated values to determine leak parameters. Field validation was conducted on three irrigation ponds in southeastern Spain. The WLDIP model successfully identified leak locations and sizes in all three ponds, which were subsequently confirmed by physical inspections and repairs. Results showed that level variations exceeding 0.01 m within 15 min were due to normal pond use, while leaks exhibited a typical flow rate ten times lower. This demonstrates the model’s high accuracy in determining both the height (hLEAK) and size (ωLEAK) of the leaks. The WLDIP model is a reliable, scalable, and cost-effective solution for improving water use efficiency in agricultural systems. Its implementation aligns with sustainable development goals related to clean water and responsible production, and it helps prevent adverse effects on natural ecosystems, particularly in semi-arid climatic zones. Future research could focus on automating this system for real-time leak monitoring
Amphidinium carterae growth in hydroponic wastewater. A sustainable approach to a microalgae-based process promoting a circular bioeconomy
Full text linkHydroponic cultivation is being increasingly used worldwide for horticultural production. However, this technique consumes large quantities of freshwater and produces significant amounts of wastewater. Effluent
wastewater from hydroponic cultures may contain high nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations, thus
contributing to soil, surface, and subsurface water pollution if directly discharged into the environment; it also
potentially leads to ecosystem degradation. In the present work, a synthetic hydroponic effluent wastewater was
formulated to evaluate the potential of a marine microalga to remove the main nutrients (N and P) and to test its
suitability for sustainable, large-scale cultivation. The marine dinoflagellate microalga Amphidinium carterae
successfully removed 100 % of the N and P from the hydroponic wastewater. The formulation yielded comparable biomass yields (0.5 g L− 1
) to those of the same culture grown in a control medium but considerably
increased the production of carotenoids (40 %), polyunsaturated fatty acids (17 %), and, significantly, amphidinols (56 %). Hence, the use of A. carterae to treat and valorise hydroponic effluents shows significant promise,
supporting further investigation into utilizing hydroponic wastewater from different origins to cultivate marine
microalgae that can then be used to produce agricultural bio-based fungicides and other bioproducts in line with
the principles of the circular bioeconomy
Understanding domain swapping in the c-Src SH3 domain through hinge-loop mutagenesis
Full text linkThe c-Src SH3 domain is one of the best-characterized modular domains from a biophysical and structural point of view. This SH3 domain displays noncanonical alternative folding, forming 3D domain-swapped oligomers and amyloid fibrils. These features make this small protein an ideal model for studying these phenomena. Residues in the regions that favour unfolding of the monomer and those in the hinge loop have been deeply studied in proteins undergoing 3D domain swapping. To study the role of these residues in the unfolding of the c-Src SH3 domain, we have constructed several chimeric proteins by interchanging residues in the RT and n-Src loops between the c-Src SH3 and Abl SH3 domains. The RT (the region between β1 and β2) and n-Src (the region between β2 and β3) loops create two sides of the shallow hydrophobic groove where proline-rich motif sequences bind to the SH3 domain. In addition to the structural information, we have performed a biophysical characterization of these chimeric constructs. The c-Src SH3 domain bearing the loops of the Abl SH3 shows minor changes in stability. Interestingly, these replacements do not prevent the formation of domain-swapped dimers. However, the interchange of one or two loops within the Abl SH3 domain produces a noticeable reduction in its stability but does not promote the formation of 3D domain-swapped oligomers. Thus, our results indicate that although the composition of the hinge loop is likely to play a role in the interchange of structural elements to form the intertwined dimers, it is not the sole driving force in their formation
Las leyes caducarias de Augusto y el topos del Hermafroditismo en el Código Teodosiano
No full textLa referencia a individuos de duplex forma es recurrente, en las fuentes literarias de los siglos IV y V d.C., e incluso son objeto de dos disposiciones jurídicas imperiales; la posterior inclusión de estos por los compiladores teodosianos en el título dedicado a la ley Julia de adulterios, relativas a la legislación promulgada siglos atrás por el emperador Octavio Augusto, refuerza la idea de que la intersexualidad era revolucionaria, e incluso criminal, para el neo-patriarcado del Principado augusteo
Biostimulant effect of a novel seawater-adapted strain of Scenedesmus almeriensis on garden geranium
Full text linkMicroalgae production requires substantial water resources. For this reason, different strategies are being investigated such as cultivating microalgae using wastewater or seawater. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the biostimulant effect of Scenedesmus almeriensis produced using both freshwater and seawater. This is the first time that the biostimulant capacity of seawater-produced Scenedesmus almeriensis has been investigated. The biostimulant capacity of the biomass was assessed in vitro using different bioassays and validated in vivo using Pelargonium × hortorum, commonly called zonal geranium or garden geranium. The in vitro results showed that S. almeriensis extracts significantly improved the germination index (GI) in watercress seeds and stimulated root formation in soybean seedlings compared to the water control. The in vivo trials confirmed that plants treated with S. almeriensis extracts experienced significant increases in the height, number of leaves and flowers, and dry weight of various organs, indicating an overall improvement in plant biomass and structural health. The results also revealed that the biomass produced in freshwater was more effective than that obtained in seawater, probably due to a lower accumulation of saline compounds that can reduce the biostimulant activity
Perceptions of artificial intelligence among university students. The role of technological anxiety and digital skills
Full text linkEste estudio examina las actitudes de los estudiantes universitarios hacia la inteligencia artificial (IA) y el modo en que la ansiedad tecnológica y las competencias digitales influyen en sus percepciones. Se aplica un diseño transversal cuantitativo, obteniendo datos de 235 participantes de Educación y Trabajo Social mediante LimeSurvey. Se emplean escalas validadas, entre ellas la Escala General de Actitudes hacia la IA (GAAIS) y la Escala de Ansiedad hacia la IA (AIAS). Los resultados muestran que la ansiedad tecnológica correlaciona con posturas negativas frente a la IA, mientras que las competencias digitales moderan dicha relación y favorecen una visión más positiva. Además, un mayor uso y familiaridad con la IA se asocian a percepciones más favorables. En conclusión, estos hallazgos evidencian la importancia de integrar prácticas formativas que, junto con enseñar el uso de la IA, aborden la ansiedad tecnológica y fortalezcan las habilidades digitales