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Estudio del fenómeno doméstico de la Prehistoria Reciente de Galicia (NW de la Península Ibérica)
Get PDFEn esta tesis doctoral se aborda el estudio espacial de los yacimientos
habitacionales de la Prehistoria Reciente de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia, al Noroeste de la Península
Ibérica, mediante el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GRASSGIS, QGIS, SAGA, ...) y programas de
análisis estadístico de código abierto (R). De esta forma, se realiza un análisis del conjunto de hábitats de esta
etapa de la Prehistoria y también una aproximación a la dinámica de ocupación y organización interna de varios
hábitats: Monte dos Remedios (Moaña, Pontevedra), O Fuxiño (Piñor, Ourense) y A Pataqueira (Palas de Rei,
Lugo). La propuesta metodológica y de estudio aquí desarrollada ayudará a comprender mejor el fenómeno
doméstico de nuestra comunidad, y también, a llevar a cabo un plan inédito en el contexto del Noroeste Ibérico con
el fin de reconstruir la dinámica interna que regía este tipo de sitios y su evolución a lo largo de más de tres mil
años, desde la adopción de la agricultura y la ganadería hasta la Edad del Bronce (4800-1200 a.C.)
A novel time-saving multiplex PCR assay for detecting and discriminating the most common canine Babesia species in Europe
Get PDFIn Europe, most cases of canine babesiosis are caused by Babesia canis, Babesia vogeli (large piroplasms) and Babesia vulpes (small piroplasm). Molecular diagnosis is recommended due to its high sensitivity. Species identification after sequencing allows applying a rapid and efficient treatment, leading to a better prognosis; however, it is expensive and time-consuming. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop a time-saving multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for simultaneously detecting and discriminating between large and small forms without sequence analysis. A new multiplex PCR was designed and tested using blood samples from 79 dogs showing clinical signs compatible with babesiosis which were previously analysed using blood smears and molecular methods. Multiplex PCR successfully discriminated between both Babesia groups showing bands of 700 and 890 bp for B. canis/B. vogeli and B. vulpes, respectively. No significant differences in the results of both PCR were detected and a substantial agreement between protocols (κ = 0.64) was found. Our multiplex PCR represents a reliable tool for detecting infections by the major Babesia spp. in dogs from Europe. Since no sequence analysis is required for identifying the species involved, this PCR allows the rapid administration of an appropriate treatment, thus improving the survival rate of the infected animals. In addition, it will represent a helpful tool for unravelling the real prevalence and distribution of B. vulpes and its implication in clinical casesS
Synthetic cathinones determination by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry after ultrasound membrane assisted extraction
Get PDFThe extraction time for membrane-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) when isolating synthetic cathinones from urine has been speeded up to 30 min by using ultrasounds. Separation and determination of eleven synthetic cathinones was further performed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The ultrasound assisted MASE consisted of adjusting 5.0 mL of urine at pH 11.8 and performing the extractive process with 400 μL of n-hexane as an acceptor phase inside the polypropylene membrane under ultrasonication at room temperature. Synthetic cathinones exhibiting LogP values higher than 2.0, such as 3,4-dimethyl methcathinone, methylendioxypyrovalerone, and naphyrone), were efficiently extracted and pre-concentrated. Other synthetic cathinones (LogP between 2.0 and 0.7) were found to exhibit a lower mass transfer. The method was found to be matrix dependent, and a matrix-matched calibration was required for measurements. The achieved limits of detection (LOD) were between 0.03 (flephedrone) to 0.29 (ethylone) µg L-1, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) within the 6–14% and 7–19% ranges for intraday and inter-day assays, and intraday and inter-day analytical recoveries from 84 to 115% and 85 to 118%, respectively. The developed method was finally applied to urine samples from volunteers attending a music festivalThis work was supported by the Dirección Xeral de I + D – Xunta de Galicia Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (project number ED431C 2022/029)S
Cephenemyia stimulator (Diptera: Oestridae) myiasis in a roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Portugal
Get PDFHerein we present a nasopharyngeal myiasis case by Cephenemyia stimulator in a roe deer hunted in Trás-os-Montes (NE Portugal). Preliminary inspection showed one larva sorting through the nostrils and the examination of the nasopharyngeal cavity showed more than 15 larvae in the glottis and retropharyngeal recesses. Four larvae were collected and stored into 70% ethanol for morphological and molecular identification. Three of the larvae were identified as third instars and the other one as a prepupa of Cephenemyia stimulator, being the first confirmation of this species in roe deer from Portugal. C. stimulator is currently widely distributed in roe deer from central and northern Spain so, the transboundary natural dispersal of these cervids would explain the introduction of this myiasis in Portugal. Further studies are needed to monitor the spreading of this infection in the westernmost populations of European roe deerThe authors are very grateful to Jorge Afonso (Carramo Safaris, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal), the hunter who submitted the larvae for investigation. This work was supported by the projects UIDB7CVT700772/2020 and LA/P/0059/2020 funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and by the Program for consolidating and structuring competitive research groups (ED4312019/04, Xunta de Galicia, Spain)S
Acuerdo del Consejo de Gobierno del 31-05-2023, que aprobó el Reglamento por el que se establece el Sistema Interno de Información de la USC
No full textDocumento en galego.
Data de publicación no taboleiro electrónico da USC o 12/06/202
Pedicle myiasis by Lucilia caesar (Diptera, Calliphoridae): an emerging disease in roe deer from north-western Spain
Get PDFA total of 35 male roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Lugo province (north-western Spain) were examined for pedicle myiasis between 2020 and 2022. All these animals had died by different causes and were examined or preserved just after their death to avoid post-mortem infestations. After external and internal head inspection, five animals were diagnosed with severe myiasis at the basis of the antlers (14.29%; 95% confidence interval = 5.38–31.04). All the affected bucks presented a cutaneous wound (1.5–15 cm in diameter) around the pedicles with extensive tissue destruction, exposition of frontal and parietal bones, and massive infestation by dipteran larvae (2–12 mm long). Four of five roe deer showed whitish egg clusters adhered to the basis of the antlers. Moreover, in one animal, six larvae had penetrated the cranial cavity, and in two of them larvae were also found in the nasopharyngeal cavity. All the cases were recorded in summer (May–August). Morphological identification and subsequent molecular confirmation revealed that all animals were infested by different larval stages of Lucilia caesar (Diptera: Calliphoridae). This study represents the first report of pedicle myiasis in Spain. Since this disease is reported sporadically, the detection of five cases in a short period of time suggests an increase in the incidence of this myiasisS
Social change and metalworking in the early iron age: an approach from north-west Iberia
Get PDFThis paper analyses social transformations in the Early Iron Age based on a holistic and longue durée approach applied to the first fortified habitats in the Iberian north-west. Through a comprehensive review of two paradigmatic settlements of the EIA in the province of A Coruña (Galicia, north-west Iberia), Punta de Muros and A Graña, a comparison is drawn between the social and territorial dynamics of this period by means of an in-depth analysis of the main characteristics of both settlements.
Accordingly, a greater level of social complexity during the phases of occupation of the settlement of Punta de Muros has been identified, in contrast to the resistance to change observed in A Graña. Based on these conclusions, the role of metalworking and its symbolic value in fostering and legitimizing these social and territorial transformations and in the development of Iron Age communities are analysedS
El bienestar animal como base de control ambiental para la eficiencia energética y productiva en explotaciones porcinas de transición
Get PDFEn este trabajo se pretende incluir el bienestar animal como parámetro del
control ambiental para la mejora de la eficiencia energética y productiva. Para ello, se han evaluado las
características energéticas, productivas y ambientales de una granja convencional de control ambiental basado en
la temperatura.
Las variables medidas, en la zona ocupada por los animales, fueron la temperatura, la humedad relativa, las
concentraciones de dióxido de carbono y amoníaco y la velocidad del aire.
La gestión mejorada, teniendo en cuenta estos parámetros, supuso una sensible mejora en cuanto a ahorro
energético, así como de las condiciones ambientales y, por tanto, bienestar de los animales.
Así, teniendo en cuenta lo expuesto en la Tesis Doctoral podremos comprobar que empleando el bienestar animal
como base para el manejo en explotaciones porcinas intensivas se podrá conseguir además de una mejora en el
bienestar animal, ser mas respetuoso con el medio ambiente y una mayor eficiencia energética
Preclinical studies on the protective effect of the recombinant human GOT enzyme in animal models of ischaemic stroke
Get PDFA pesar de los avances en las últimas décadas, el ictus sigue siendo una de
las principales causas de muerte y discapacidad en nuestro país. Es por ello que el desarrollo de nuevas terapias
para esta enfermedad continúa vigente. En la presente Tesis se analiza el efecto terapéutico de una nueva versión
recombinante de la enzima humana GOT1 (rGOT1), una transaminasa implicada profundamente en el
metabolismo del glutamato y otros procesos celulares. Mediante la utilización de modelos animales de isquemia
cerebral, se ha podido demostrar que el uso de esta enzima recombinante ejerce un efecto beneficioso sobre la
lesión isquémica, así como sobre el déficit neurológico de los animales. El desarrollo de esta Tesis profundiza en el
conocimiento de esta enzima y apoya el uso de la rGOT1 como
terapia frente al ictus
Fungal-bacterial associations in urban allotment garden soils
Get PDFThe soil microbiome in urban agriculture has not received much attention to date despite its important role in soil functionality. In this work, we evaluated the composition and diversity of fungal and bacterial communities through DNA extraction and ITS/16S marker gene sequencing in 40 soil samples collected from 10 urban allotment garden areas in the city of Santiago de Compostela (northwestern Spain). Despite anthropogenic activities are expected to affect negatively the microbial diversity, the richness of both fungal and bacterial communities was comparable to that of soils from other urban land-use categories with lower anthropogenic influence, i.e., urban forests, urban grasslands, and urban agricultural fields. However, the deterministic effect of soil properties and geographical distances was almost negligible in the surveyed allotment gardens. Neutral community models confirmed that the fungal and bacterial communities followed a random distribution (pseudo-R2fungi|bacteria = 0.653 | 0.898) and that they were more random (tNSTfungi|bacteria = 0.54 | 0.74) compared to the other abovementioned land-use categories (tNSTfungi|bacteria = 0.46 | 0.67, p ≪ 0.001). Network analysis showed that in contrast to natural soils with lower anthropogenic influence, microbial associations formed very small modules; and frequently, microbial units remained unconnected. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that the soil microbial communities in the studied urban allotment gardens comprised a random assortment of microbes and their interactions, thereby supporting potential implications of anthropogenic activity for soil health and ultimately ecosystem functionalityDr. Paradelo and Dr. Gómez-Brandón thank the Spanish State Agency for Research (AEI) for their Ramón y Cajal grants RYC-2016-19286 and RYC-2016-21231, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ESF Investing in your future”. This research has been funded by the Xunta de Galicia regional government (grant number ED431F 2018/04)S