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Numerical simulation of resistance furnaces by using distributed and lumped models
Get PDFThis work proposes a methodology that combines distributed and lumped models to simulate the current distribution within an indirect heat resistance furnace and, in particular, to calculate the current to be supplied for achieving a desired power output. The distributed model is a time-harmonic eddy current problem, which is solved numerically using the finite element method. The lumped model relies on calculating a reduced impedance associated with an equivalent circuit model. Numerical simulations and plant measurements demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The good correlation between the results indicates that this approximation is well-suited to support the design and improve the efficiency of the furnace in a short timeOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work has been partially supported by FEDER, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through the research project PID2021-122625OB-I00 and by Xunta de Galicia (Spain) research project GI-1563 ED431C 2021/15S
Epigenetic and genetic profiling of cell-free DNA for precision oncology in colorectal and breast cancer
No full textColorectal and breast cancer are among the most frequent
types of cancer. The identification of novel non-invasive
genetic and epigenetic biomarkers is crucial to improve the
management of this disease. This thesis evaluated the
performance of a novel NGS targeted panel for the noninvasive
detection of clinically relevant gene variants in cell-
free DNA (cfDNA). Furthermore, this work characterized the
cfDNA methylation profile of colorectal and breast cancer
patients, providing non-invasive epigenetic biomarkers and
signatures useful for the early detection of the disease and
therapy selection. Therefore, the results obtained in this study
will contribute to improve the management of colorectal
and breast cancer, facilitating the advance towards precision
oncology.2025-05-0
Resilience as a protective factor against depression in informal caregivers
Get PDFIntroduction: Although previous research has demonstrated that resilience can be protective against various mental health conditions such as depression, existing studies examining the relationship between resilience and depression have limitations. To our knowledge, the moderators of the relationship have not been examined. The aim of this study was to determine whether resilience acts as a protective factor against depression in informal caregivers and to examine potential moderators of the relationship between these variables.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 554 randomly selected informal caregivers participated (86.8% women, average age = 55.3 years). Major depressive episode, depressive symptomatology, resilience, positive environmental reward, negative automatic thoughts, self-efficacy, and personality were assessed.
Results: A total of 16.1% of informal caregivers met criteria for a depressive episode and 57.4% were at risk of developing depression. The average resilience score was 26.3 (SD = 7.6); 62.6% of participants were in the lower quartile of the resilience scale. The gender of the informal caregiver and self-efficacy acted as moderating variables in the relationship between resilience and depression. The impact of resilience on depressive symptoms was more pronounced in female informal caregivers, and increased as self-efficacy increased.
Discussion: Based on these findings, programs aimed at preventing depression in informal caregivers should focus on promoting resilience, especially in women, and introduce strategies to enhance self-efficacy to increase their impact.Funded by the Consellería de Emprego e Igualdade, through the Secretaría Xeral de Igualdade of the Xunta de Galicia, within the framework of the Sectorial Conference on Equality Funds from the Ministry of Equality to the Autonomous Community of Galicia for the implementation of the Corresponsables Plan, grant number 2021 00175 (8010-4522-22900).S
Isoparametric hypersurfaces in symmetric spaces of non-compact type and higher rank
Get PDFWe construct inhomogeneous isoparametric families of hypersurfaces with non-austere focal set on each symmetric space of non-compact type and rank ≥3. If the rank is ≥4, there are infinitely many such examples. Our construction yields the first examples of isoparametric families on any Riemannian manifold known to have a non-austere focal set. They can be obtained from a new general extension method of submanifolds from Euclidean spaces to symmetric spaces of non-compact type. This method preserves the mean curvature and isoparametricity, among other geometric propertiesWe would like to thank J. Berndt, E. García-Río, J. M. Manzano, H. Tamaru, and the anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions. We are grateful to I. Solonenko for pointing out an issue in the study of the congruence in a previous version of this articleS
Better, not more, lighting: Policies in urban areas towards environmentally-sound illumination of historical stone buildings that also halts biological colonization
Get PDFAnthropogenic or Artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution, or more simply light pollution, is an issue of increasing concern to the general public, as well as to scientists and politicians. However, although advances have been made in terms of scientific knowledge, these advances have not been fully transferred to or considered by politicians. In addition, illumination of stone monuments in urban areas is an emerging contribution to ALAN pollution that has scarcely been considered to date. This paper presents a literature review of the topic of light pollution and related policies, including a bibliometric analysis of studies published between 2020 and 2022. The prevailing legislation in Europe regarding the regulation of outdoor lighting, which emphasises the complexity of controlling light pollution, is summarised and the regulation of monumental lighting in Spain is discussed. Findings concerning the impact of ALAN on biodiversity in urban areas, and the promising biostatic effect of ornamental lighting (halting biological colonization on stone monuments, mainly caused by algae and cyanobacteria) are described. Finally, trends in monument illumination and policymaking towards environmentally sustainable management are considered.This review study was developed in the framework of the CROMALUX project: Third SMARTIAGO Challenge – Smart lighting system for Heritage Conservation. A. Méndez acknowledges receipt of a grant in the Programa de Doutoramento Industrial (04_IN606D_2021_2598528) financed by the Xunta de Galicia. P. Sanmartín acknowledges receipt of the Ramón y Cajal contract (RYC2020-029987-I) financed by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN). The authors are also grateful to the Xunta de Galicia for concession of the FONTES project (ED431F 2022/14) and the Competitive Reference Group (GRC) grant ED431C 2022/09.S
The dynamics of somatic retrotransposition in human cancer
No full textSomatic retrotransposition can significantly contribute to tumorigenesis. Yet,
limitations imposed byshort-read sequencing have hindered a thorough
understanding of the extent and impact of this mutational process. To
overcome this, my PhD project focused on implementing innovative long-read
sequencing techniques. We developed MEIGA, a bioinformatic pipeline for
comprehensively analysing somatic retrotransposition in long-read sequencing
data. Notably, MEIGA revealed previously undisclosed levels of somatic
retrotransposition in human tumours, including a hidden landscape of
reciprocal genomic rearrangements. Additionally, this work unveiled
remarkable rates of somatic retrotransposition occurring years before tumour
diagnosis, even within normal cells, providing valuable insights into somatic
retrotransposition dynamics.2025-02-2
Solubility of seven amino acids in two acetate ionic liquids from 298.15 K to 328.15 K
Get PDFThe number of studies on the solubilities of amino acids in pure ionic liquids is currently very scarce. Focusing on fundamental studies for the recovery of added-value compounds from fisheries and aquaculture discards, in this work the solubility of several amino acids in acetate ionic liquids and their mixtures with water were determined at temperatures ranging from 298.15 K to 328.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Sharing the acetate anion, solubilities were higher in the ionic liquid with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium than with 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium cation. Increasing temperatures resulted in enhanced solubilisation. Solubilities in the ionic liquids ranked thus: Pro > OH-Pro > Lys·HCl > Ala > Gly > Cys, with an intermediate position of Arg (the amino acid most influenced by the hydrophobic environment and temperature). In the case of the mixtures with water, the ranking was Pro > Lys·HCl > Ala > Arg > OH-Pro > Gly > Cys. The van't Hoff equation adequately correlated experimental solubilities in the range of temperatures studied, and the process of dissolution was found endothermic and entropy-driven in all the cases. The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium should be considered for the target application and the water content a design variable to analyseGrant PID2021–123622OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” by the “European Union”. The authors would like to acknowledge the magnificent contribution made by Ralf Dohrn to the advancement of applied thermodynamics and his ongoing willingness to share his knowledge and assistanceS
Gender discrimination in prison: the perception of women inmates and prison professionals
Get PDFThe prejudices that have traditionally been held against female delinquency and the
numerical minority of women in the prison system have led to the invisibility of their needs and
characteristics as well as to many situations of inequality while they are incarcerated. This study
is aimed at exploring the gender discrimination perceived by women in Spanish prisons. To this
end, a scale for perception of gender discrimination is applied to a sample of incarcerated women.
Qualitative data from a questionnaire administered to prison professionals and field notes are also
used. The results show that incarcerated women perceive the existence of several situations of
discrimination related to socio-educational intervention and to the adaptation of prisons to their
unique needs, especially for those housed in male prisons. Prison professionals hold similar views
and express their concern about the feminization of activities. The study has implications for the
prison system and policy makers, including the implementation of gender-responsive programming
in women’s prisons, the development of periodic assessments of the experiences faced by incarcerated
women, and the training of prison staffThis research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport
(‘Aid for University Teacher Training’ [‘Ayuda para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario’];
FPU17/00373)S
DNMT2 y plasticidad celular: análisis de sus funciones en pluripotencia, reprogramación celular y cáncer
No full textEsta tesis doctoral investiga las funciones de DNMT2, tanto
dependientes como independientes de su actividad catalítica
en el ARN, durante la reprogramación celular, pluripotencia y
cáncer. A través de diversos modelos y técnicas
experimentales, se muestra su papel crucial en la adquisición y
salida de la pluripotencia. Aunque prescindible para el
mantenimiento del estado pluripotente, mutaciones y niveles
reducidos de expresión de DNMT2 se asocian con un
pronóstico desfavorable en distintos tipos de cáncer,
aumentando la agresividad de líneas tumorales de cáncer de
mama tras su silenciamiento. Este estudio revela un nuevo
nivel de regulación controlado por las funciones de DNMT2,
ofreciendo así nuevas perspectivas para comprender su
participación más amplia en el desarrollo y en procesos
patológicos.2025-03-0
