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Estudio retrospectivo sobre la incidencia de complicaciones en una cohorte de pacientes adultos hospitalizados por mononucleosis infecciosa (infección aguda por virus de Epstein Barr)
No full textLa mononucleosis infecciosa por virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB) es una enfermedad bien conocida y estudiada. Sin embargo, la evidencia disponible sobre ciertas manifestaciones y complicaciones de la mononucleosis, está desactualizada o no ha sido lo suficientemente dilucidada. La finalidad de la presente tesis es la de investigar algunas complicaciones de la mononucleosis infecciosa por VEB cuya frecuencia real, factores asociados, evolución y posibles consecuencias no han sido suficientemente estudiadas
Límites sistémicos de la estrategia de transición hacia la Economía Circular en la Unión Europea (2015-2022): sesgos conceptuales, consecuencias sobre el empleo y las empresas e impacto ecológico desigual
No full textSe plantea como objetivo general de la tesis estudiar, desde una perspectiva sistémica con foco
en los efectos económicos, sociales y ecológicos, los potenciales límites y contradicciones
existentes en la estrategia europea para la economía circular (EC). Se trata de una tesis por
compendio de publicaciones, que consta de cinco artículos. En el primero se indaga sobre la
conceptualización sobre EC que subyace a la estrategia europea, con el fin de contrastar la
potencial existencia de sesgos en función de las múltiples interpretaciones existentes en la
literatura teórica y práctica. En el segundo artículo se realiza un diagnóstico estructural sobre
la situación de las diferentes actividades vinculadas a la EC en los Estados miembros de la UE,
con el fin de identificar el potencial de la estrategia europea en términos de la creación de
empleo de calidad y mejora de las condiciones laborales. Los artículos tercero y cuarto estudian
los principales factores habilitantes y barreras para la eco-innovación “circular” a nivel de
firma, con el fin de conocer las potenciales fortalezas y limitaciones de la estrategia europea
para fomentar la transición a través de la promoción de la actividad innovadora empresarial. El
último artículo pretende analizar los flujos materiales físicos de la UE, con foco en las
corrientes comerciales de materias primas “circulares”, con el fin de contrastar la hipótesis de
existencia de intercambio ecológicamente desigual y el potencial desplazamiento de impactos
ambientales asociados a la estrategia europea de EC. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen
evidencia sobre la existencia de sesgos hacia una visión limitada a la dimensión técnica y
material en el enfoque conceptual detrás de la estrategia de EC de la Unión Europea. Los
resultados de los estudios empíricos sobre el empleo y las firmas ponen de manifiesto la
necesidad de políticas públicas y fiscales con una visión sistémica, y mayor consideración de
las características estructurales y las barreras a la innovación específicas de los distintos
sectores productivos involucrados. Finalmente, se encontró evidencia que sugiere la existencia
de impactos ecológicos desiguales vinculados al comercio exterior de la UE y, en particular,
de un marcado desequilibrio ecológico entre los flujos de recursos y nutrientes que ingresan a
la región embebidos en las materias primas secundarias importadas, y aquellos que parten
desde la UE al resto del mundo
Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among pregnant women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFObjective: To carry out a systematic review of systematic reviews with an update of the existing evidence relating to a broad range of smoking cessation interventions, including psycho-social, digital and pharmacologic interventions, for pregnant women. Data-sources: Search was conducted in March 2022 in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane in two stages: 1) a search of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, published from January 2012 through January 2022; 2) an update of those that fulfilled eligibility criteria reproducing the primary search strategy. Study eligibility criteria: We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological, digital, and psychosocial interventions in aged 18 years and over who were daily smokers, and compared these with routine care, less intense interventions or placebo. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: Data from eligible studies were manually extracted by two authors and reviewed by a third. The quality of the reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR scale, and risk of bias was measured with the Rob-2 tool and GRADE level of evidence. Results: The meta-analysis included 63 RCTs (n = 19849 women). The interventions found to be effective were: financial incentives (RR:1.77; 95%CI:1.21–2.58), counseling (RR:1.27; 95%CI:1.13–1.43) and long-term nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (RR:1.53; 95%CI:1.16–2.01). Short-term NRT, bupropion, digital interventions, feedback, social support, and exercise showed no effectiveness. The GRADE level of evidence was moderate-tohigh for all interventions, with the exception of long-term NRT. Conclusions: Non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation are the most effective for pregnant women. The moderator analysis suggests that pregnant women of low socioeconomic status might benefit less from smoking cessation interventions than women of a high socioeconomic status. These women are usually heavier smokers that live in pro-smoking environments and could require more intensive and targeted interventionsS
Resveratrol-based biorefinery models for favoring its inclusion along the market value-added chains: A critical review
Get PDFResveratrol, a natural organic polyhydroxyphenolic compound, has gained significant attention in the last years given its potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It can be directly extracted from plants, vegetables, and related products and waste resources, but also chemically/enzymatically/microbially synthesized. However, certain process strategies have some limitations, such as high costs, reduced yield or high energy demand, thus implying significant environmental loads. In this context, the search for more sustainable and circular process schemes is key to the integration of resveratrol into the market value chain of the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors. The extraction of resveratrol has traditionally been based on conventional methods such as solvent extraction, but advanced green extraction techniques offer more efficient and environmentally friendly alternatives. This review analyses both conventional and green alternative extraction technologies, as well as its bioproduction through microbial fermentation, in terms of production capacity, yield, purity and sustainability. It also presents alternative biorefinery models based on resveratrol bioproduction using by-products and waste streams as resources, specifically considering wine residues, peanut shells and wood bark as input resources, and also following a circular approach. This critical review provides some insight into the opportunities that resveratrol offers for promoting sustainable development and circularity in the related market value chains, and thus provides some criteria for decision making for biorefinery models in which resveratrol is one of the targeted high value-added products. It also identifies the future challenges to promote the inclusion of resveratrol in value chains, with the scale-up of green technologies and its demonstrated economic feasibility being the most prominentThis study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 and ESSEntial project (PTDC/BII-BTI/1858/2021). A. Arias, G. Feijoo and MT Moreira authors belong to the Galician Competitive Research Group (GRC ED431C 2021/37) and to the Cross-disciplinary Research in Environmental Technologies (CRETUS Research Center, ED431E 2018/01). A. Arias would also like to express her gratitude to the IACOBUS programme for the fellowship provided for the development of one-month research stay at the University of MinhoS
Environmental effects of growth and global value chains: The case of East and Southeast Asian economies
Get PDFThe Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis has become an important topicin the literature on the effects of growth on the environment, albeit surrounded bysome controversy and nuance. Although this hypothesis has been analyzed in the lit-erature in multiple ways and using different variables, there is still a gap in the consid-eration of global value chains (GVCs), which delve into the international division ofproduction. This is particularly important in the intermediate stages of production, asthey include tasks with a greater environmental impact. This research aims to analyzethe environmental effects of economic growth and foreign trade linked to GVCs in asample of 12 countries of East and Southeast Asia, given their strong insertion inGVCs. Based on the EKC, variables such as GDP per capita, environmental impact,and renewable energy consumption are incorporated. As a novelty, the research alsoincludes GVCs participation and position indexes, and different measures of CO2emissions. Our results confirm the existence of a nonlinear relationship between eco-nomic activity and its environmental effects, although with important nuancesdepending on the mode of insertion of each country in GVCs. In this sense, althoughall the selected countries increased their total emissions, substantial disparities areobserved depending on the perspective considered (producer, consumer, andexports). Ultimately, it is concluded that, for an effective reduction of the environ-mental impact in these countries, it is essential to design policy measures, targetingnew technologies, consumption and production patterns, and attracting green foreigndirect investmentThis research has been supported by the ICEDE research group, towhich the authors belong, Galician Competitive Research Group ED431C 2022/15 financed by Xunta de Galicia and project“REVA-LEC”REFERENCE PID2022-141162NB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/EFRD, EUS
Self-perceived body weight and weight status: analysis of concordance by age group and sex
Get PDFObjectives
Previous studies suggest that there is discordance between actual weight status and body-weight perception. This fact has implications when it comes to designing public health interventions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the different categories of weight status and body-weight perception and to analyse their concordance in a representative Spanish population sample.
Study design
Cross-sectional study.
Methods
Data were sourced from the 2018 Galician Risk Behaviour Data System, with the target population being all persons aged 16 years and above. We collected data on self-perceived body weight and assessed weight status on the basis of body mass index (BMI). BMI was estimated using self-reported measures of weight and height. To estimate concordance, Cohen's kappa coefficient, both unweighted and weighted with Cicchetti weights, was calculated.
Results
Data were obtained for 7853 individuals aged 16 years and above, whereas the overall unweighted concordance was 0.393 (95%CI: 0.377–0.409), with an agreement percentage of 61.6%, weighted concordance was 0.503 (0.490–0.517), with an agreement percentage of 86.6%. The highest concordance between self-perceived body weight and weight status was observed in women. By age group, the highest concordance was observed in the youngest group (16–24 years) for the BMI categories of underweight and overweight, and in the 45–64 age group for the category of obesity.
Conclusions
The results highlight the existence of differences between self-perceived body weight and weight status, according to sex and ageThis study did not receive any fundingS
On the estimation of the core for TU games
Get PDFThe core of a transferable utility (TU) game, if it is not empty, is prescribed by the set of all stable allocations.
The exact determination of the core reaches exponential time complexity. Therefore, its exact computation
is often avoided as the number of players increases. In this work, we propose an estimator for the core of
a TU game based on the statistical theory of set estimation. Concretely, we provide a core reconstruction
that is obtained in polynomial time for general dimension. Additionally, convergence rates for the estimation
error are derived. Finally, a consistent core-center estimator is established as a geometrical application of this
methodology.This work has been supported under grants PID2021-124030NBC32,
PID2020-118101GB-I00 and PID2020-116587GB-I00, and under grant
GRC ED431C 2021/24, funded by Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidades, Spain, Xunta de Galicia, Spain.
Authors also acknowledge Professors Justo Puerto, Alberto Rodríguez-Casal and Rosa M. Crujeiras for their insightful comments on this paper and the referees for the constructive suggestions which have improved
the manuscript.S
One-Pot Rh(III)-Catalyzed Twofold C-H Activation/Oxidative Annulation of N-Arylpyrroles with Alkynes to Fluorescent Ullazines
Get PDFA range of densely functionalized ullazines have been synthesized by a one-pot Rh(III)-catalyzed twofold C-H activation/oxidative annulation of N-arylpyrroles with alkynes. Electrophilic bromination at 5- or 5,7- positions of the EWG-substituted ullazine core offers an interesting single or double entry for further extended functionalization. Mechanistic considerations suggest two complementary paths, EWG-assisted and SEAr, for the C-H activations. All ullazines exhibit strong fluorescence emissions. Ullazines bearing thiophene and triarylamine units at 5- and 5,7- positions show a significant bathochromic shift in their emission spectra, attributed to the more extended electronic circuits present.This work has received financial support from MICIN (project PID2020-118048GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ORFEO-CINQA network RED2022-134287-T), the Xunta de Galicia (project ED431C 2022/27 and Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2019-2022, ED431G 2019/03) and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund – ERDF)S
Bibliografía básica de Carmen Blanco: Estudo e ensaio, narrativa, poesía, tradución, edición e introdución
No full textInclúe un retrato de Carmen Blanco pintado por Sara Lama
Acuerdo del Consejo de Gobierno de 10 de junio de 2024 que aprobó la modificación del Acuerdo del Consejo de Gobierno de 28 de octubre de 2022, sobre el procedimiento de admisión y matrícula condicionada en los estudios de #máster universitario. Texto consolidado
No full textDocumento en Galego.
Data de publicación no taboleiro electrónico da USC o 19/6/202