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Calprotectin Expression in Adventitial Layer of Cattle and Sheep Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto Cysts
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a globally distributed zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, forming fluid-filled cysts in humans and livestock. These cysts consist of three layers: an inner germinal layer and a middle laminar layer of parasitic origin, and an outer adventitial layer derived from the host’s immune response. The adventitial layer typically contains immune cells such as T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, and other inflammatory cells. Notably, differences have been reported in the cellular composition of this layer depending on the host species. However, the variation in calprotectin expression—a protein specific to phagocytes—between cattle and sheep CE cysts has not been previously described. This study assessed calprotectin expression using immunohistochemistry with anti-calprotectin antibodies on adventitial tissue sections from cattle and sheep CE cysts. The results showed a significantly higher calprotectin expression in the adventitial layer of cattle cysts compared to sheep. This difference was not associated with the fertility or anatomical location of the cysts. These findings suggest that the host species influences the level of calprotectin expression in the adventitial layer, contributing to our understanding of host-specific immune responses in CE. © 2025 by the authors.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/18/9236Funding text
This research was funded by Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00F3n y Desarrollo (ANID), Fondecyt, grant number 1231620.S
Inhibitor-induced dimerization mediates lufotrelvir resistance in mutants of SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease
No full textIndexación : ScopusThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and other lethal coronaviruses has prompted extensive research into targeted antiviral treatments, particularly focusing on the viral 3C-like protease (3CLpro) due to its essential role for viral replication. However, the rise of drug resistance mutations poses threats to public health and underscores the need to predict resistance mutations and understand the mechanism of how these mutations confer resistance. The binding of inhibitor to 3CLpro drives it from the monomeric to the active dimeric form, which can counterintuitively lead to enzyme activation rather than inhibition. Furthermore, we find this allosteric coupling
between binding and dimerization is sensitive to mutation, leading to a new mechanism for drug resistance. Understanding the relationship between inhibitor binding and dimerization is important for resistant strain surveillance and development of robust antivirals. Herein, we present a systematic study of drug resistance mediated by inhibitor-induced dimerization of 3CLpro.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pro.70275?src=getftr&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusThis research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC, Canada, Grant 327028-09) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, OV3-170644 and MOP-13694). Anthony Mittemaier is a member of the PROTEO Regroupement Strat\u00E9gique, Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00E9bec\u2014Nature et Technologies (FRQNT). Anthony Mittermaier and Nicolas Moitessier are members of the Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00E9bec\u2014Sant\u00E9 (FRQS).S
Entrepreneurship training with a territorial approach: Systematization of an andragogical experience at the University of Los Lagos, Chiloé campus
No full textIndexación: Revista UNAB.Este artículo sistematiza una experiencia formativa en emprendimiento desarrollada en carreras impartidas en la sede Chiloé de la Universidad de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile. A partir de una alianza educativa con un programa internacional, se diseñó e implementó una propuesta didáctica con enfoque andragógico y pertinencia territorial. La iniciativa tuvo como propósito fortalecer habilidades emprendedoras en personas adultas, mayoritariamente mujeres, pertenecientes a contextos rurales e insulares. Se empleó una metodología mixta que combinó módulos digitales, sesiones presenciales de acompañamiento y actividades comunitarias contextualizadas. Los resultados evidencian avances significativos en motivación, confianza personal y aplicación de conocimientos en proyectos reales, relevando el valor de una educación situada, reflexiva y orientada al desarrollo local. La sistematización permite identificar factores críticos para la replicabilidad del modelo en instituciones públicas comprometidas con la equidad y la innovación social.This article systematizes a training experience in entrepreneurship carried out in programs offered at the Chiloé campus of the University of Los Lagos, in southern Chile. Based on an educational partnership with an international program, a didactic proposal was designed and implemented with an andragogical approach and territorial relevance. The initiative aimed to strengthen entrepreneurial skills in adult learners, mostly women, from rural and insular contexts. A blended methodology was applied, combining digital modules, in-person mentoring sessions, and community-based activities. The results show significant progress in motivation, self-confidence, and the practical application of knowledge in real projects, highlighting the value of situated, reflective education oriented toward local development. The systematization identifies key factors for replicating the model in public institutions committed to equity and social innovation.S
Modulation of Δ5- and Δ6-desaturases in the brain-liver axis
No full textIndexación Scopus.Objective: Obesity is associated with liver depletion of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAS) promoting steatosis and inflammation, whose levels are maintained by diet or biosynthesis involving Δ-5D, Δ-6D desaturases and elongases. Method: We aimed to assess Δ-5D and Δ-6D activities in liver and brain from mice fed a control diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for four to sixteen weeks. Results: HFD led to (1) an early (4 weeks) enhancement in liver Δ-5D, Δ-6D, and PPAR-α activities, without changes in oxidative stress, liver damage or fat accumulation; (2) a latter progressive loss in hepatic desaturation with insufficient compensatory increases in mRNA and protein expression, leading to ω-3 PUFA depletion, PPAR-α down-regulation reducing FA oxidation, and liver steatosis with enhancement in lipogenesis; and (3) brain ω-3 PUFA depletion after 12 to 16 weeks of HFD feeding. Conclusion: In conclusion, the brain-liver axis is drastically affected by obesity in a time dependent fashion.https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271209/1-s2.0-S0899900724X00131/1-s2.0-S0899900724002788/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEF4aCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIGHiDTMte5aZH66vzFBehWFmHgeVPPe0h%2BEZjXfIy5ovAiEA%2FadNVJh8A6NmF9oURqIZmdtstxg%2BoTKNe%2BxCNwQg9p0quwUIx%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDIYUfctoU1KSzxIpniqPBY4Nq%2B8FanY4zyIQcsLcXHhSEbSMLc%2Fb%2B7cJMxISaeSuilDrH61X5a9eXOAOvlKAqRlq9ZvpHQsoH%2Fkf7676Z8S0aG%2Fv5be%2FxSk%2B5WW5ohOJjN3ys%2BWJ03cvxY1ZG8CDJ6d058g26GTHpTChd%2FhPw0bHMnin6pBpXkvv6t94FxXhsHA7pFop4GJcv0YQLVXDnU5cfto0xabgW5CpmcVGAQ%2F7mTLsR449UJnmnUOTMr%2BcJ%2FLMBD1OupMazoECr80AEh7A2UbZbFPAck%2FZ8pPyczk%2BFp5WxlXbyFPVYAQZBUwrdKCyMcfmD9fXxcJCH2lsgWz2DjkhmdwyY%2Bm8nYhXtiHzjHYrh8wNeAmjb5407tlmTJK3xmgIIV967t7w%2F09qEnHMkl%2FggSr%2FGnfM0fauqUVhWthDlYNA99oVGv0K%2FZ6g6yF1wza1SMhy%2Fawpl6AnNOtEyw8jTNVU8OvR6xw1%2FbqoW5Zlolx4vCBGjIo6cgITnF3RbPQqKtKCPmW2kbjai0SSM4e8z8xo7a8uJGqAWvM83A4Sq7vMhYvQBkJZ9B8jJXbmsRlcuoMuQs9FzPX4M4EwEMtFK8It%2FwPWLGEn1wd28pV2NUAP0CT3yn3D7N%2F9Gl%2BziZX0wHkpkCWYZKG%2FF6SWpqsIC2k2d%2FPRSaaHG2oxChD1Urj%2FEL5S2aabnvnEGnL4Mk3ntjeWrQIvmWKJnWMQw9f10gYZVY4xHfFQmJkyDGn8xHEZ%2BEAg8W7EQkfLfcrN%2F%2FinKsOjQJ%2Ft06wpxOR572olZkWzy2wsgH%2F8UfjT%2BQKQZ%2B5hVbnA5PHyWwFlXTNSWpt8ADM1g%2FWXBNdpp654m4JFp7uD3Z%2Fcld6OuyYVXxyZvipGnwPCgcNpirEwhZf9xQY6sQGSlBq6gMvMQx92Tlo6s2xvwJqPjJIRs5HNYsvjA82ZIGfeuEqrh6rZaMeJgzhSuEF%2BeUhBGXtnUwa%2BIhy1I6hFSN3Icrn5f7W2x4rjuPIhExDG5XrpFERAzclxkujZbrxjSYe3ydW%2FnTdGTHwj%2FQK7%2Fp6wta3DAGIwFQlNE1jtyx4rTMvg5MVXxX0xkfH7wBrlGtYOEQZGKrfEr3nHdOckFAAqTn1vxhiAdRU5NEJlqok%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20250908T215138Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYT44OAF7D%2F20250908%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=2ea7b885695d76e70ef68331261be3389cbef6034d3cf6139339ef50d867dd7e&hash=4e8f924011ef37e933ee275560e35595b8982121f489dfe6922fc4317f351fa5&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0899900724002788&tid=spdf-af74c178-77ce-471c-bb9d-5c7d8addc985&sid=e44783256e14a64cb9688188eacc79a6c02bgxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&ua=190f5a57045e040052&rr=97c1ab186c0bb4f8&cc=c
Revisión narrativa del proceso de implementación del Fascicolo Sanitario Elettronico (FSE) en la región de Emilia Romagna, Italia
No full textActividad Final de Magister en Salud Pública con MencionesIntroducción: En Italia en los años 90 se produjo una crisis del sector público que provocó un cambio radical en las políticas públicas abriendo paso a una nueva estructura de responsabilidades en la asistencia sanitaria. Esto llevó al desarrollo de herramientas tecnológicas innovadoras para el manejo de la información con el fin de asegurar el acceso y la disponibilidad de datos sanitarios relevantes que a su vez facilitan una atención continua, coordinada y de mayor calidad.
Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de implementación del Fascícolo Sanitario Elettronico (FSE) en Italia, en la Región Emilia Romagna, destacando aspectos clave que han determinado su nivel de desarrollo actual y su impacto en la continuidad de la atención.
Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión narrativa que conllevó una búsqueda de información detallada del tema, con el fin de analizar el proceso de implementación del Fascícolo Sanitario Elettronico (FSE) en la Región Emilia-Romagna, Italia.
Resultados: El proceso de implementación del FSE es el resultado de una serie de mandatos normativos y regulatorios que el estado italiano ha impulsado en los últimos 25 años, con el objetivo de modernizar el sector salud, los registros y hacer interoperable la información de salud de sus ciudadanos. Se reconoce como aspecto clave en la implementación del FSE: la interoperabilidad. Se destaca cómo la implementación del FSE generó un impacto en la continuidad de la atención en salud.
Discusión: Sin embargo, aún hay desafíos significativos por superar para lograr el máximo provecho que puede otorgar el FSE, es así como la desigualdad en la adherencia, el uso del FSE entre diferentes regiones, la desconfianza de los ciudadanos en cuanto a la seguridad de sus datos y la falta de conocimiento sobre las funcionalidades del sistema son barreras que deben abordarse.
Conclusiones: El FSE italiano ha sido una herramienta útil para mejorar la gestión de la información sanitaria, facilitando el acceso y la continuidad de la atención, donde se destaca el empoderamiento del paciente que ha demostrado ser un factor relevante permitiendo una participación en su cuidado. La historia de la implementación del FSE en la Región Emilia-Romagna es un gran ejemplo de cómo un enfoque proactivo y bien planificado puede llevar a resultados positivos en la digitalización de la salud. Uno de los retos más significativos del FSE ha sido garantizar la interoperabilidad entre sistemas regionales, a pesar de las estrategias como la Infraestructura Nacional para la Interoperabilidad (INI), el Registro Nacional de Pacientes (ANA), y el Plan Nacional de Recuperación y Resiliencia (PNRR), aún quedan brechas que continúan siendo un desafío
The role of satisfaction with the way you look in 10 to 12-year-olds’ health and subjective well-being across genders and cultures
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Few studies have examined the relationship between health and well-being in the general population of children and adolescents from a psychosocial perspective. The present article therefore addresses the following unprecedented twofold objective: (1) to conduct an in-depth analysis of differences in satisfaction with the way you look, satisfaction with health and a global measure of subjective well-being (SWB), by age group (10- and 12-year-olds), gender and country; and (2) to explore to what extent satisfaction with the way you look mediates the relationship between satisfaction with health and a global measure of SWB, and how the relationship between these variables is related to gender and country of origin in the two mentioned age groups. Using a cross-sectional and correlational approach, analyses were conducted using data obtained from a self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 91,076 adolescents from 35 countries belonging to the Children’s Worlds 3rd wave dataset. Satisfaction with the way you look was found to mediate the relationship between satisfaction with health and a global measure of SWB, and the variables age, gender and country were identified as being important in this mediation. These findings further our knowledge on the contribution of SWB-related evaluations in these age groups for different countries and genders, but also on the adoption of a broader and more preventive approach to improving them. The relevance of implementing interventions focused on improving self-perception at these ages is discussed. © The Author(s) 2025.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-22515-zFunding text
Thanks are due to all of the children who kindly agreed to answer the questionnaire, all principal investigators and all research team members who participated in data collection in the 35 countries included in the sample used here. Also to the coordinating team of the Children\u2019s Worlds project for kindly allowing us to use the database, the Jacobs Foundation for supporting the project, and to Barnaby Griffiths for the English editing of this paper.S
Optimization of a Monopolar Electrode Configuration for Hybrid Electrochemical Treatment of Real Washing Machine Wastewater
No full textIndexación: Web of Science.This study focuses on the design and optimization of a monopolar electrode configuration for the hybrid electrochemical treatment of real washing machine wastewater. A combined electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-oxidation (EO) system was optimized to maximize pollutant removal efficiency while minimizing energy consumption. The monopolar setup employed mixed metal oxide (MMO) and aluminum anodes, along with a stainless steel cathode, operating under controlled conditions with sodium chloride as the supporting electrolyte. An applied current density of 15 mA cm(-2) achieved 90% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, 98% surfactant degradation, complete turbidity reduction within 120 min, and pH stabilization near 8. Additionally, electrochemical disinfection achieved <2 MPN/100 mL, with no detectable phenols and the presence of organic anions such as oxalate and acetate. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of an optimized monopolar EC-EO system as a cost-efficient and sustainable strategy for wastewater treatment and potential water reuse. Further studies should focus on refining energy consumption and monitoring reaction by-products to enhance large-scale applicability.https://www-webofscience-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00152724910000
Microbial and Geochemical Diversity of Laguna Timone, an Extreme Hypersaline Crater Lake in Patagonia (52° S)
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Extreme environments, such as hypersaline habitats, hot springs, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, glaciers, and permafrost, provide diverse ecological niches for studying microbial evolution. However, knowledge of microbial communities in extreme environments at high southern latitudes remains limited, aside from Antarctica. Laguna Timone is a hypersaline crater lake located in a Pleistocene maar of the Pali Aike Volcanic Field, southern Patagonia; the lake was formed during basaltic eruptions in a periglacial setting. Here, we report the first integrative characterization of microbial communities from biofilms and microbial mats in this lake using high-throughput 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequencing, along with mineralogical and hydrochemical analyses of water, sediments, and carbonates. Bacterial communities were dominated by the genera Enterobacterales ASV1, Pseudomonas, Oscillatoria, Nodularia, and Belliella, with site-specific assemblages. Fungal communities included Laetinaevia, Ilyonectria, Thelebolus, Plectosphaerella, and Acrostalagmus, each showing distinct distribution patterns. These baseline data contribute to understanding microbial dynamics in hypersaline maar environments and support future investigations. This integrative approach highlights key microbe–mineral relationships and underscores the potential of Laguna Timone as a natural laboratory for exploring biosignature formation and microbial adaptation in chemically extreme environments, both on early Earth and potentially beyond. © 2025 by the authors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/8/1957Funding text
This research was sponsored by the Diagenesis Project (ANP 20257/2) and GeoQI Project (23075039121/2022-97), a scientific collaboration between the LAMIR Institute, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00E1 (UFPR), and Shell Brasil Petr\u00F3leo LTDA., under the R&D clause regulated by the ANP\u2014Ag\u00EAncia Nacional de Petr\u00F3leo, G\u00E1s Natural e Biocombust\u00EDveis\u2014Brazil. Fondecyt project 1200870 (J.M.P.-D.) and Anillo project ATE240015 supported part of this research in Chile.S
Artificial Intelligence and Autonomy in English Language Learning: Towards an Emerging Approach in Higher Education
No full textIndexación: Revista UNAB.Este artículo teórico trata acerca de la integración de la inteligencia artificial para potenciar la enseñanza del inglés en educación superior con mirada a generar mayores oportunidades lingüísticas. Con base en la revisión crítica de la literatura y bajo el enfoque cualitativo de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo desarrollado en una universidad regional, se identifican los principales vacíos en las competencias comunicativas del idioma inglés y se propone una reflexión en torno al diseño de un enfoque emergente que fomente mayor exposición, innovación y continuidad en el aprendizaje del inglés. La reflexión analítica se relaciona con conceptos de aprendizaje autónomo, inteligencia artificial y pedagogías emergentes, con base en teorías como el conectivismo y el aprendizaje mediado por tecnología. El estudio apunta a la necesidad de innovar en la enseñanza del inglés en contextos universitarios promoviendo la inclusión educativa, la personalización del aprendizaje, reduciendo la brecha en el dominio del inglés mediante el uso de herramientas tecnológicas avanzadas. Los hallazgos aportan elementos relevantes para la mejora continua de las prácticas docentes que favorezcan el desarrollo de las competencias lingüísticas del idioma.This theoretical article explores the integration of artificial intelligence to enhance English language teaching in higher education, aiming to generate broader linguistic opportunities. Based on a critical review of the literature and framed within an exploratory-descriptive qualitative approach conducted at a regional university, the study identifies key gaps in English communicative competencies and proposes a reflection on the design of an emerging approach that fosters greater exposure, innovation, and continuity in English learning. The analytical reflection draws on concepts such as autonomous learning, artificial intelligence, and emerging pedagogies, grounded in theories like connectivism and technology-mediated learning. The study highlights the need to innovate English language instruction in university contexts by promoting educational inclusion, personalized learning, and reducing the gap in English proficiency using advanced technological tools. The findings offer relevant insights for the continuous improvement of teaching practices that support the development of English language competencies.S
Prune Belly y la enfermedad renal crónica
No full textEl documento describe el Síndrome de Prune Belly (SPB), una malformación congénita caracterizada por agenesia o hipoplasia de la musculatura abdominal, criptorquidia bilateral y anomalías del tracto urinario, lo que predispone a infección urinaria recurrente, disfunción vesical y daño renal progresivo. La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es una complicación frecuente, afectando a un 40-50% de los pacientes que requerirán terapia de reemplazo renal. La incidencia es de 3.6 a 3.8 por cada 100,000 nacidos vivos varones, siendo rara en mujeres. Además de la tríada clásica, el 75% de los niños con SPB presentan anomalías en otros sistemas (respiratorio, cardíaco, gastrointestinal).
El caso presentado es el de un adolescente masculino de 15 años con SPB, ureteropielocaliectasia severa bilateral, vejiga neurogénica, infección del tracto urinario recurrente (ITUR) y ERC etapa II. Consultó por compromiso del estado general, dolor abdominal irradiado a la zona lumbar y fiebre, siendo diagnosticado con pielonefritis aguda e injuria renal aguda sobre ERC. A pesar de una mejoría parcial con tratamiento, su tasa de filtración glomerular disminuyó, progresando a ERC etapa III b.
El documento concluye que este caso refleja la progresión típica del SPB hacia la ERC debido a malformaciones urinarias y disfunción vesical. Se enfatiza la importancia del manejo integral y oportuno de las complicaciones para retrasar la necesidad de terapia de reemplazo renal y la relevancia de un seguimiento multidisciplinario para modificar la evolución de esta enfermedad.s