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Eficacia del sistema de retroalimentación en tiempo real en la práctica profesional de estudiantes de educación física
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Introduction: Professional practice constitutes a fundamental component in teacher education, as it facilitates the integration of theoretical and practical knowledge. However, students at this stage face several challenges due to their limited pedagogical experience, which are not always resolved positively. Feedback, especially in real time, is crucial to address these difficulties through immediate corrections and effective adjustments. Objective: To analyze the effect of the implementation of a real-time feedback system on the professional practice performance of physical education student teachers. Method: This qualitative research was designed as a pilot feasibility study. The purposive sample consisted of four physical education pedagogy students from a university in the Valparaíso region, Chile. GoRef® intercom devices were employed to facilitate the study. In order to know the students' perception of the effectiveness of the feedback system, a semi-structured interview with four questions was applied, whose analysis was carried out with the Atlas.ti 24 software.Results: The findings highlight how the real-time feedback system improves pedagogical communication and promotes immediate adjustments in teaching practice. Conclusions: The real-time feedback system enhances the professional practice performance of physical education pedagogy students by fostering effective communication with the mentor teacher. Moreover, it facilitates the collection of key information to design an application protocol, thereby strengthening the training process and optimizing interaction during professional practice. © 2025 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reservedhttps://revistaretos.org/index.php/retos/article/view/111877S
Entre la urbanidad y el urbanismo: la modelación del caminar y del paseo urbano en el Santiago decimonónico
No full textIndexación: Revista UNAB.El artículo explora las regulaciones y formas de caminar en Santiago de Chile entre 1850 y 1910, entendiendo esta actividad como parte fundamental del surgimiento y la consolidación de la urbanidad y el incipiente urbanismo moderno, que fueron componentes claves en la disposición y disciplinamiento de los cuerpos que más preocuparon a los intereses del desarrollo del nuevo Estado nación: el cuerpo ciudadano y el urbano. Proponemos que caminar, como actividad –en un sentido práctico o de recreo–, daba cuenta de nuevas formas de entender y activar la ciudadanía en los nuevos espacios públicos donde se mezclaba la decencia, la urbanidad y el urbanismo. Para cumplir con este objetivo, recurrimos y cotejamos tres fuentes principales: manuales de urbanidad, textos dedicados a la reforma urbana bajo la intendencia de Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna y escritos testimoniales de la época.The article explores the regulations and ways of walking in Santiago, Chile between 1850 and 1910, understanding this activity as a fundamental part of the emergence and consolidation of modern urbanity and early urban planning. These two elements were key components in the disposition and control of the bodies that most concerned the interests of the nation-state in formation: the citizen and urban bodies. We propose that walking, as an activity (either for practical reasons or as a pastime), demonstrates new forms of understanding how to behave in public spaces in which decency, civility and city planning were mixed. To achieve this aim, we use diverse manuals of courtesy, Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna’s texts focusing on the urban reform of Santiago and other witness accounts of the era
Measuring Complexity in Manufacturing: Integrating Entropic Methods, Programming and Simulation
No full textIndexación: Scopus.This research addresses complexity in manufacturing systems from an entropic perspective for production improvement. The main objective is to develop and validate a methodology that develops an entropic metric of complexity in an integral way in production environments, through simulation and programming techniques. The methodological proposal is composed of six stages: (i) Case study, (ii) Hypothesis formulation, (iii) Discrete event simulation, (iv) Measurement of entropic complexity by applying Shannon’s information theory, (v) Entropy analysis, and (vi) Statistical analysis by ANOVA. The results confirm that factors such as production sequence and product volume significantly influence the structural complexity of the workstations, with station A being less complex (0.4154 to 0.9913 bits) compared to stations B and C, which reached up to 2.2084 bits. This analysis has shown that optimizing production scheduling can reduce bottlenecks and improve system efficiency. Furthermore, the developed methodology, validated in a case study of the metalworking sector, provides a quantitative framework that combines discrete event simulation and robust statistical analysis, offering an effective tool to anticipate and manage complexity in production. In synthesis, this research presents an innovative methodology to measure static and dynamic complexity in manufacturing systems, with practical application to improve efficiency and competitiveness in the industrial sector. © 2025 by the authorshttps://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/1/5
Polyplacophoran Assemblages in Shallow Waters of the West Antarctic Peninsula: Patterns of Diversity, Composition and Abundance
No full textIndexación: Scopus.For the first time, field surveys for exploring the diversity and composition of shallow-water polyplacophorans in West Antarctica have been conducted. During the austral summer sampling campaigns of 2022, 2023 and 2024, a total of 1717 specimens of four species were collected from 21 localities. The composition, abundance, and diversity estimate of the assemblages showed that richness decreased southward due to changes in species composition. The ordination analysis showed a high similarity among localities. Thus, of the seven shallow-water chiton species previously recorded in Antarctica, only four were recorded here. Of them, Tonicina zschaui, Leptochiton kerguelensis, and Hemiarthrum setulosum were the most common and abundant, while Callochiton bouveti was the rarest and least abundant species. The diversity of shallow-water polyplacophorans in this area of Antarctica is low compared to the higher number of species reported in other sub-Antarctic regions. It is suggested that the effect of ice cover on shallow-water habitats could affect the abundance and diversity of chitons. In turn, the high similarity of assemblages may be due to the transport of larvae and juveniles by ocean currents and rafting between the studied sites. © 2025 by the authorshttps://www.mdpi.com/2673-4133/6/1/23Funding text
This research was funded by Instituto Ant\u00E1rtico Chileno (INACH), funding number RT 07-20. Additionally, this research was funded by Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00EDfico y Tecnol\u00F3gico (FONDECYT), funding number FONDECYT 1241863, by Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00F3n y Desarrollo de Chile (ANID), funding number Anillo ANID ATE 220044, and by ANID Millennium Science Initiative Program, funding number ICN2021_002.S
mTOR inhibition triggers mitochondrial fragmentation in cardiomyocytes through proteosome-dependent prohibitin degradation and OPA-1 cleavage
No full textIndexación Scopus.Introduction: Cardiac mitochondrial function is intricately regulated by various processes, ultimately impacting metabolic performance. Additionally, protein turnover is crucial for sustained metabolic homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Objective: Here, we studied the role of mTOR in OPA-1 cleavage and its consequent effects on mitochondrial dynamics and energetics in cardiomyocytes. Results: Cultured rat cardiomyocytes treated with rapamycin for 6–24 h showed a significant reduction in phosphorylation of p70S6K, indicative of sustained inhibition of mTOR. Structural and functional analysis revealed increased mitochondrial fragmentation and impaired bioenergetics characterized by decreases in ROS production, oxygen consumption, and cellular ATP. Depletion of either the mitochondrial protease OMA1 or the mTOR regulator TSC2 by siRNA, coupled with an inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of mTOR in vivo, suggested that inhibition of mTOR promotes mitochondrial fragmentation through a mechanism involving OMA1 processing of OPA-1. Under homeostatic conditions, OMA1 activity is kept under check through an interaction with microdomains in the inner mitochondrial membrane that requires prohibitin proteins (PHB). Loss of these microdomains releases OMA1 to cleave its substrates. We found that rapamycin both increased ubiquitination of PHB1 and decreased its abundance, suggesting proteasomal degradation. Consistent with this, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 maintained OPA-1 content in rapamycin-treated cardiomyocytes. Using pharmacological activation and inhibition of AMPK our data supports the hypothesis that this mTOR-PHB1-OMA-OPA-1 pathway impacts mitochondrial morphology under stress conditions, where it mediates dynamic changes in metabolic status. Conclusions: These data suggest that mTOR inhibition disrupts mitochondrial integrity in cardiomyocytes by promoting the degradation of prohibitins and OPA-1, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and metabolic dysfunction, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress
A 12-Year Population-Based Analysis of Victimization and Climate Trends in Israeli Arab and Jewish Elementary Schools
No full textINDEXACION SCOPUSThe study aims to examine changes over time in school victimization and climate in Israel, and whether these changes varied between Jewish and Arab schools and schools with different SES. A secondary analysis of the Ministry of Education database of structured student surveys regarding victimization and climate, was conducted during 2008–2019. All students in grades 5–6 were surveyed. The number of schools ranged between 751 and 1,189 (M = 983, SD = 166.3); 73.7% were Jewish schools, and 26.3% were Arab. Peer victimization dropped from 14.95 in 2008 to 7.97 in 2019 (β = -.39). All climate aspects positively increased. The highest improvements were in feeling unsafe (β = -.28). Reductions in victimization and progress in climate were the strongest among students from Arab schools and schools with lower SES. The implications for policy and future research are discussed. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Consensus statement on standardizing CGM evaluation metrics in Latin America: an expert approach
No full textIndexación Scopus.Background: Latin America has no accepted performance standards for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology evaluation. This has resulted in the emergence of various CGM devices in the market that do not meet strict quality, accuracy, reliability or safety standards. CGM systems are crucial for managing diabetes, as they provide frequent glucose measurements and help detect hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia episodes or even predict these events. Ensuring the reliability and accuracy of CGM devices is essential for patient safety. This consensus statement aims to establish a consensus-driven framework of expert recommendations regarding the metrics that should be evaluated to achieve high standards in CGM devices. Materials and methods: A modified Delphi methodology was employed, engaging endocrinologists, pediatric endocrinologists and diabetologists from Latin America. Experts participated in multiple rounds of surveys and discussions to reach consensus on key characteristics measures, including accuracy thresholds, clinical validation protocols, and post-market surveillance requirements. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed to ensure robust recommendations. Results: The expert panel identified major gaps in existing CGM regulations and established 12 key recommendations and one checklist to align Latin American standards with international best practices. These included the implementation of minimum accuracy thresholds, the adoption of standardized clinical validation protocols, and the enforcement of post-market surveillance measures. The panel also emphasized the importance of patient education, healthcare provider involvement in decision-making, and accessibility to enhance CGM adoption and usability. We underscore the necessity of these measures to improve patient outcomes, patient safety, and regulatory consistency in the region, while also enhancing CGM reliability and accuracy. Conclusion: This consensus statement highlights the urgent need for a standardized metrics to evaluate CGM devices in Latin America. Implementing standardized accuracy requirements, rigorous validation protocols, and enhanced patient education will ensure device reliability, improve clinical outcomes, and foster a more equitable healthcare landscape for diabetes management in the region.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13098-025-01851-0?utm_source=getftr&utm_medium=getftr&utm_campaign=getftr_pilot&getft_integrator=scopu
Continuing education of academic women in STEM: perspectives on mentoring and professional roles
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Despite ongoing efforts towards gender equity, the gender gap in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) remains significant today. This article explores the motivations and perceptions of women in different professional roles within STEM fields regarding the importance of mentoring in fostering interest and participation in STEM careers, thus contributing to continuing engineering education. Based on qualitative data from 19 semi-structured interviews with women in managerial, research, teaching, and external academic and professional roles, the study delves into their motivations for pursuing STEM careers, their interest in promoting diversity, and the role of mentoring in supporting their professional development. The thematic analysis results are grouped into a hierarchical structure comprising one meta-theme, four primary, and six subthemes. The participants emphasized that their primary motivation for STEM involvement was contributing to society and promoting economic growth. Additionally, they advocated for greater diversity and challenged traditional gender roles in these areas. The participants highlighted the importance of closing the gender gap and recognizing the capabilities and new perspectives that women brought. Although these women faced obstacles such as glass ceilings, having a mentorship opportunity was identified as a critical tool for women’s empowerment and training. The insights contribute to advancing strategies for promoting gender equity and diversity in STEM fields, with implications for researchers, universities, and organizations seeking to support women’s participation and advancement in STEM careers. Further research is recommended to explore the perspectives of women in other roles and the effectiveness of mentoring programs in fostering gender diversity in STEM. Copyright © 2025 García-Silva, Perez-Suarez, Zavala-Parrales, Meléndez-Anzures and Dominguez.https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1473331/fullFunding text 1
The authors thank the British Council for supporting the Academic Women in STEM Mentoring Program (A-WSTEM) project under the Mentoring Women in Science for Higher Education Institutions. We also thank Inova Consultancy for their guidance and support in launching and successfully maintaining the mentoring program. The authors acknowledge the technical and financial support of Writing Lab, Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, in producing this work. This research work has been carried out within the Doctoral Program Training in the Knowledge Society of the University of Salamanca ( http://knowledgesociety.usal.es ). The University of Salamanca and Banco Santander supported it through the resolution of the \u201CCall for pre-doctoral contracts USAL 2021, co-financed by Banco Santander.Funding text 2
The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This publication is a product of a project funded in the Challenge-Based Research Funding Program 2022 project ID # I035 -IFE005 -C1-T3 -E by Tecnologico de Monterrey.S
Restoring endogenous Dlg4/PSD95 expression by an artificial transcription factor ameliorates cognitive and motor learning deficits in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington’s disease
No full textIndexación ScopusHuntington’s disease (HD) is an incurable hereditary disorder caused by an expansion of CAG repeats in exon 1 of the Huntingtin gene (HTT). HD is characterized by motor dysfunction and cognitive decline. The patho physiology of HD begins in cortico-striatal circuits and later spreads to other brain regions, notably the hippocampus. At the cellular level, structural changes in synapses have been observed prior to neuronal degeneration, signifcantly disrupting the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuits. The postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95, hereafter Dlg4/PSD95) is a key synaptic plasticity protein reduced in HD and other eurodegenerative diseases such as Alzhei mer’s disease (AD). Epigenetic silencing of plasticity and memory genes contributes to AD pathology and cognitive
impairment. To restore endogenous Dlg4/PSD95 expression in AD, we previously developed an epigenetic editing strategy where a zinc fnger DNA-binding domain targeting the Dlg4/PSD95 gene promoter was fused to the trans activation domain VP64 and driven under a CMV promoter. AAV-PhP.B-mediated delivery of this artifcial transcription factor (ATF) CMV-PSD95-6ZF-VP64 improved cognition in an AD mouse model. Here, we assessed the therapeutic potential of AAV9-mediated delivery of the synapsin-driven ATF PSD95-6ZF-VP64 in the R6/2 HD mouse model.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13148-025-01903-2?utm_source=getftr&utm_medium=getftr&utm_campaign=getftr_pilot&getft_integrator=scopu
Authentic videos' impact on listening comprehension in Chilean EFL university students : teachers’ perceptions
No full textTesina (Magíster en Enseñanza del Inglés como Lengua Extranjera)Este estudio investiga el impacto percibido por profesores de inglés en el uso de videos
auténticos en estudiantes universitarios chilenos de inglés como lengua extranjera (ILE).
Reconociendo las limitaciones de los materiales didácticos guionados, el estudio inspecciona si la
exposición a videos auténticos mejora la comprensión del habla natural y desarrolla las
subhabilidades clave de la comprensión auditiva, como la inferencia y la comprensión global, entre
otros. Usando un enfoque mixto, la investigación incluyó un cuestionario en línea
semiestructurado (n=29) y un grupo focal formado por profesores de inglés de nivel superior. Los
resultados cuantitativos mostraron un consenso general sobre la efectividad de utilizar videos
auténticos para mejorar tanto la comprensión general como la adquisición de subhabilidades.
Los resultados cualitativos también destacaron la importancia del andamiaje instruccional
y la motivación del estudiante. Los docentes resaltaron lo crucial que es implementar de manera
estratégica materiales auténticos para apoyar a los estudiantes con diferentes niveles de
competencia. Esto implica que los videos reales son un complemento valioso a los materiales
tradicionales, ayudando a acortar la brecha entre lo que se enseña en el aula y la vida real. Este
estudio ofrece valiosas implicancias pedagógicas para mejorar la enseñanza de la comprensión
auditiva en Chile y enriquece la literatura sobre el uso de materiales auténticos en la enseñanza de
idiomas.This study investigates the perceived impact of authentic video on Chilean university EFL
learners' listening comprehension from the perspective of English language teachers. Recognizing
the limitation of scripted classroom materials, the study inspects whether authentic video input
makes learners better at comprehending natural, unscripted speech and developing major listening
subskills, such as inference and listening for gist, among others. With a mixed-methods design,
the research comprised an online semi-structured questionnaire (n=29) and a focus group of
English teachers at the university level. Quantitative results indicated a strong level of agreement
in terms of the effectiveness of authentic videos to improve overall comprehension and subskill
acquisition. Qualitative results also emphasized scaffolding instruction and student motivation, as
instructors indicated strategic use of authentic materials in facilitating students with varied levels
of proficiency. Implications are that authentic videos serve as a helpful supplement to traditional
materials, bridging the gap between classroom instruction and application in the real world. The
study has pedagogical implications for teaching in terms of enhancing listening instruction in
Chilean EFL classrooms and contributes to the growing literature on authenticity in language
learning