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Nature positive rhetoric, risk and reality: sector-scale political ecology at CBD COP16
No full textIndexación: Scopus.We analyse political manoeuvres by global tourism industry associations, and responses by conservation organisations, that create new risks to biodiversity. There are a few tourism enterprises that make net positive contributions to conservation. Nature positive terms, however, are being used for marketing greenwash, to delay and avoid environmental fees and regulations, and to lobby for land grabs in public protected areas. © The Author(s) 2025.https://www.nature.com/articles/s44185-025-00087-5S
Adaptive signatures of emerging Salmonella serotypes in response to stressful conditions in the poultry industry
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Salmonella, a zoonotic pathogen, is commonly transmitted through contaminated animal products. This bacterium is emerging in poultry production, often exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR) and high virulence. Understanding the adaptive mechanisms that allow Salmonella to survive in hostile environments and become virulent is crucial for preventing outbreaks that threaten both the industry and public health. This study uses machine learning to identify adaptive genomic signatures in Salmonella isolates from the poultry industry, focusing on responses to environmental stressors. Significant genomic modifications were found in functions like membrane and cell wall biogenesis, amino acid metabolism, and inorganic ion metabolism, including genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence. The machine learning model demonstrated high precision (0.980) and accuracy (0.954) in classifying isolates based on their genomic characteristics, with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) of 0.98. The model identified Salmonella Infantis as one of the most stress-resistant serovars in the poultry industry. The identification of critical genomic sequences underscores the importance of these traits in understanding the bacterium's adaptive mechanisms. These findings underscore the importance of genomic surveillance and advanced bioinformatics to manage emerging pathogens like Salmonella Infantis. © 2024 The Authorshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643824014713?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopu
HSV-1 alters lipid metabolism and induces lipid droplet accumulation in functionally impaired mouse dendritic cells
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) significantly impairs dendritic cell (DC) function, ultimately eliciting the death of these cells. Here, we sought to assess whether HSV-1 modulates lipid metabolism in mouse DCs as a mechanism of immune evasion. For this, we performed RT-qPCR gene arrays with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight (UHPLC-QTOF) analysis, pharmacological inhibition of eight lipid-metabolism-related enzymes in HSV-1-infected DCs, co-cultures between virus-specific transgenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and HSV-1-infected DCs, and in vivo assays with mice. We found that HSV-1 significantly alters lipid metabolism in DCs and induces lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in these cells. Pharmacological inhibition of two particular lipid metabolism enzymes was found to partially restore DC function. Overall, these results suggest that lipid metabolism plays an important role in the impairment of DC function by HSV-1. © 2025 The Authorshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225007023?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusFunding text
This work was funded/supported by the Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00F3n y Desarrollo (ANID) \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (MIII) ICN2021_045 (former ICN09_016 ; P09/016-F ), ANID FONDECYT Regular grants # 1240971 (P.A.G.), #1231905 (S.M.B.), #1231851 (A.M.K.), ANID FONDECYT Iniciaci\u00F3n grants #11241567 (L.F.D) and #11181200 (L.B.), and the Regional Government of Antofagasta through the Innovation Fund for Competitiveness FIC-R 2017 (BIP Code: 30488811-0). L.F.D. had an ANID FONDECYT Postdoctorado grant # 3210473 . M.A.F., F.A.C., E.I.T., A.J.N., and A.A.S. had/are ANID PhD fellows # 21191390 , #21251401, # 21211300 , # 21241486 , and # 21241472 , respectively. We are grateful to the Flow Cytometry Core Facility and the Advanced Microscopy Facility (UMA) at the Faculty of Biological Sciences of the Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00F3lica de Chile, and Fondequip EQM 170023.S
Stable Reusability of Nanocellulose Aerogels with Amino Group Modification in Adsorption/Desorption Cycles for CO2 Capture
No full textIndexación: Scopus.This study evaluated the stability and reusability of amino-functionalized nanocellulose aerogels as CO2-adsorbent materials. The modified aerogels, synthesized via a controlled silylation using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine (DAMO), demonstrated excellent thermal stability up to 250 °C (TGA) and efficient CO2 adsorption through chemisorption, which was the main adsorption mechanism. The performance of the aerogels was assessed using both adsorption isotherms and the decay pressure technique, revealing that CO2 adsorption capacity increased with higher amino group loading (4.62, 9.24, and 13.87 mmol of DAMO). At 298 K and 4 bar, CO2 adsorption capacity increased proportionally with the amino group concentration, reaching values of 3.17, 5.98, and 7.86 mmol of CO2 g−1 polymer, respectively. Furthermore, over 20 adsorption/desorption cycles, the aerogels maintained 95% CO2 desorption at ambient temperature, indicating their potential for industrial use. These findings highlight the aerogels suitability as stable, reusable materials for large scale CO2 capture and storage technologies. © 2025 by the authors.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/2/24
Exercise type and settings, quality of life, and mental health in coronary artery disease: A network meta-analysis
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Background and Aims Individuals with coronary artery disease have poorer mental health, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), and cognition compared with (age-matched) controls. Exercise training may attenuate these effects. The aim is to systematically review and meta-analyse the effects of different exercise types and settings on brain structure/function, cognition, HR-QoL, mental health (e.g. depression, anxiety), and sleep in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods A systematic search was conducted and a network meta-analysis compared (i) exercise types, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), HIIT + resistance (HIIT + R), moderate-intensity training (MIT), MIT + R and stretching-toning-balance training, and (ii) exercise settings, in-person and home-based. Results A total of 42 randomized controlled trials with a parallel group design were identified, of which 36 were included in the meta-analysis. Few studies included cognition (n = 2), sleep (n = 2), and none brain structure/function (n = 0). Most studies examined HR-QoL (n = 30), depression (n = 15), and anxiety (n = 9), in which outcomes were meta-analysed. HIIT + R, HIIT, and MIT were associated with improved HR-QoL vs. no exercise (i.e. usual care) [standardized mean difference, SMD: 1.53 (95% confidence interval 0.83; 2.24), 0.44 (0.15; 0.73), and 0.44 (0.20; 0.67), respectively]. In-person exercise was associated with larger and significant improvements [HR-QoL SMD: 0.51 (0.28; 0.74), depressive SMD: -0.55 (-1.03; -0.07), and anxiety symptoms SMD: -1.16 (-2.05; -0.26)] compared with no exercise, whereas home-based programmes were not significantly associated with improvements in these outcomes. Findings were robust in secondary (i.e. intervention duration and volume) and sensitivity analyses excluding high risk of bias studies. Conclusions Exercise training, especially in-person sessions, was associated with improved HR-QoL, depression and anxiety, independently of exercise type. However, this study raises concern about the effectiveness of home-based programmes in improving these outcomes. © 2025 The Author(s).https://www-scopus-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/pages/publications/105008545836Funding text
This article has been supported with the grant PID2020-120249RB-I00 and PID2023-148404OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by the Andalusian Government (Junta de Andaluc\u00EDa, Plan Andaluz de Investigaci\u00F3n, ref. P20_00124). Additional support was obtained by the CIBER de Fisiopatolog\u00EDa de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00F3n (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. E.A.B. has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101064851. A.T. has received funding from the Junta de Andalucia, Spain, under the Post-doctoral Research Fellows (ref. POSTDOC_21_00745). P.S.-U. is supported by the Spanish Ministry Universities (Margarita Salas fellowship). I.E.-C. is supported by RYC2019-027287-I grant funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and \u2018ESF Investing in your future\u2019.S
The Risk Factors Associated with the Carriage to Critical Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli in Healthy Household Dogs: A One Health Perspective
No full textIndexación Scopus.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli poses a global public health threat, yet companion animals such as dogs remain underrepresented in surveillance efforts. This study investigated risk factors associated with E. coli resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, and enrofloxacin in 263 healthy dogs from urban and rural veterinary clinics in Chile. Fecal samples were collected from dogs that had not received antibiotics in the preceding four weeks, and E. coli isolates growing on antimicrobial-impregnated selective agar were tested using VITEK2, following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A structured questionnaire captured demographic, clinical, and environmental data, and logistic regression was used to identify significant associations. Resistance rates were 13.3% for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 5.98% for ceftazidime, and 18.3% for enrofloxacin. Dogs purchased from pet stores had 6.04-fold higher odds of ceftazidime resistance compared to adopted dogs (95% CI: 1.88–21.32, p = 0.003). Prior hospitalization increased the risk of enrofloxacin resistance (OR = 4.24, p < 0.001), while cohabitation with healthcare workers reduced the risk of resistance to both enrofloxacin (OR = 0.17, p < 0.001) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (OR = 0.32, p = 0.008). Notably, occasional contact with free-roaming animals also exhibited a protective effect (OR = 0.32, p = 0.011). These results underscore the need for AMR surveillance in companion animals, improved antimicrobial stewardship, and the adoption of a One Health approach to effectively address AMR across species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/10/135
Growth rates and response to nutrient variability in the green tide forming alga Ulva stenophylloides from Algarrobo Bay, Chile
No full textIndexación Scopus.Blooms of green macroalgae have become a recurring phenomenon along many shores. Here, we conducted oceanographic surveys and field experiments to quantify daily growth rates of Ulva stenophylloides, the predominant species in the green tides that occur year-round at the southern end of the wave-protected open bay of Algarrobo, central Chile. We assessed the association between growth and nutrient availability, as well as other environmental variables, and compared growth rates between the south end of the bay and the north end (1.6 km away), where green tides are absent. Fronds of U. stenophylloides were suspended at ∼3–4 m depth from moorings anchored at 10 m depth at both sites. Daily growth rates were high at both locations, ranging from a 9 %–121 % increase in wet biomass, but were significantly higher at the southern site. Nutrient concentrations in water samples collected once daily were not correlated with algal growth and showed no consistent differences between sites. However, high-frequency temperature records from moorings revealed rapid (minutes to hours) cold-water pulses at the southern end, which were nearly absent in the north. Given the strong inverse relationship between temperature and nitrate in the bay, we suggest that these cold-water intrusions—likely associated with internal waves—supply additional nutrients supporting higher growth rates at the southern site. Our findings indicate that once-daily water sampling may misrepresent the dynamic nutrient regimes experienced by fast-growing macroalgae, highlighting the need for high-frequency monitoring.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113625003952?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopu
[Uso de inteligencia artificial para predecir complicaciones en cirugías de columna toracolumbar degenerativa: revisión sistemática]
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Objective: We aim to conduct a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence prediction models in predicting complications in adult patients undergoing surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar pathology compared with other commonly used prediction techniques. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Lilacs/Portal de la BVS to identify machine learning models in predicting complications in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar spine pathology between January 1, 2000, and May 1, 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the PROBAST tool. Study characteristics and outcomes focusing on general or specific complications were recorded. Results: A total of 2,341 titles were identified (763 were duplicates). Screening was performed on 1,578 titles, and 22 were selected for full-text reading, with 18 exclusions and 4 publications selected for the subsequent review. Additionally, 8 publications were included from other sources (Argentine Association of Orthopedics and Traumatology Library; manual citation search). In 5 (41.6%) articles, the effectiveness of artificial intelligence predictive models was compared with conventional techniques. All were globally classified as having a very high risk of bias. Due to heterogeneity in samples, outcomes of interest, and algorithm evaluation metrics, a meta-analysis was not performed. Conclusion: Although the available evidence is limited and carries a high risk of bias, the studies analysed suggest that these models may achieve promising performance in predicting complications, with area under the curve values mostly ranging from acceptable to excellent. © 2025 SECOThttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888441525000360?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopusS
Associations between social networks, messaging apps, addictive behaviors, and sleep problems in adolescents: the EHDLA study
No full textIndexación: ScopusThe current study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between social network (SN) use, messaging apps use, and addictive behaviors related to SNs, and sleep-related problems in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project, which involved adolescents aged 12–17 years from three secondary schools in Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). A sample of 632 adolescents was studied. The use of SN (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat or TikTok) or messaging applications (i.e., WhatsApp) was assessed via a scale including one item for each SN, in which adolescents were asked what type of SN they used and the usage profile of each SN. The Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms (SNAddS-6S) was used to determine SN addictive behaviors. Generalized linear regression analyses with a negative binomial distribution were performed to determine the associations of SN use or SN addictive behaviors with sleep-related problems. These analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, socioeconomic level, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results: Higher SN use was related to greater presence of sleep-related problems [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.07; p = 0.015]. Additionally, the higher the score on the addictive behaviors toward SN use scale was, the more sleep-related problems were identified (PR = 1.15; 95% Cl 1.09 to 1.21; p < 0.001). Specifically, only the use of Twitter was significantly associated with sleep-related problems (PR = 1.10; 95% Cl 1.01 to 1.21; p = 0.035). In terms of addictive behaviors related to SN use, mood modification, relapse, withdrawal, and conflict were significantly associated with sleep-related problems (mood modification: PR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.36 to 1.84; p < 0.001; relapse: PR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.43; p = 0.004; withdrawal: PR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.51; p = 0.004; conflict: PR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.39; p = 0.037). Conclusion: Our results suggest a relationship between SN use, SN addictive behaviors, and sleep-related problems in adolescents. These cross-sectional results should be confirmed in longitudinal and intervention studie
A Multi-wavelength Characterization of the 2023 Outburst of MAXI J1807+132: Manifestations of Disk Instability and Jet Emission
No full textIndexación: Web of Science.Several phenomenological aspects of low-luminosity neutron star transients, such as atolls, remain poorly understood. One such source, MAXI J1807+132, entered its latest outburst in 2023 July. To thoroughly characterize this outburst, we conducted an extensive observational campaign spanning radio to X-ray wavelengths. Here we present the results of this campaign, which covered the period from before the outburst to the return to quiescence. We detected a delay between the X-ray and optical rise times, which is consistent with the predictions of the disk instability model with a truncated disk. The color evolution and optical/X-ray correlations, along with infrared and radio detections, support the presence of jet synchrotron emission during the gradual decay phase following the peak. We also report for the first time in an X-ray binary a near-orthogonal rotation of the optical polarization just before a small flare, after which the jet is thought to be quenched. The main outburst is followed by several high-amplitude, rapid reflares in the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray bands, the origin of which remains difficult to constrain.https://www-webofscience-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00153349750000