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La tragedia perfecta: ontología de la vida y narratividad trascendental
No full textIndexación: Revista UNAB.El presente artículo pretende ampliar la propuesta del paradigma hermenéutico a un modelo naturalista de orientación aristotélica que, además de explicar el movimiento en términos de impulso y producción de efectos, de cuenta del fenómeno de la vida en su carácter dramático, es decir: temporal, teleológico, holístico y práctico o autorreferencial; un modelo que permita no solo comprender la vida activa, sino generar mecanismos de autocomprensión y laboratorios de autognosis para esa vida que es en cada caso mi vida y en el interior de la cual me juego mi propia existencia, al igual que se la juegan los personajes de una tragedia.This paper aims to amplify the hermeneutic paradigm towards a naturalistic theoretical model, rooted on Aristotle ́s philosophy, which explains movement in terms of impulse and efficiency, but also approaches the phenomenon of life in terms of its dramatic condition: temporal, teleological, holistic and practical or self-referential; a model which allows not only the understanding of active life, but also the generation of self-understanding and self-knowledge mechanisms for that life that, every time, is my own life, where I put my existence at stake, like tragic characters do
Competencias informacionales en la formación inicial docente: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
No full textIndexación : ScopusThe development of information literacy, referring to access, evaluation and use of information, has a significant role in teacher training. In this respect, we share a study whose objective was to analyze aspects of the ‘what’ and ‘how’ of information literacy research in teacher training, a challenge undertaken from a 2013-2023 systematic review of 24 Scopus and Web of Science articles. The results reveal the prevalence of the quantitative approach. Also, research objectives were framed into four study axes: evaluation, training, the relationship with other competencies, and other actorsEl desarrollo de las competencias informacionales, como lo son el acceso, la evaluación y el uso de la información, ocupa un lugar preponderante en la formación inicial docente. Al respecto, se comparte un estudio cuyo objetivo es analizar aspectos del ‘qué’ y el ‘cómo’ de la investigación sobre competencias informacionales en la formación inicial docente, reto asumido desde una revisión sistemática de 24 artículos en Scopus y Web of Science del periodo 2013-2023. Los resultados revelan la prevalencia del enfoque cuantitativo, y los objetivos de investigación se enmarcan en cuatro horizontes de estudio: la evaluación, la formación, la relación con otras competencias, y otros agentes
Capture and detection of extracellular vesicles derived from human breast cancer cells using a 3D self-assembled nanostructured SiO2 microfluidic chip
No full textIndexación: Web of Science.BackgroundTumor-derived extracellular vesicles offer a minimally invasive approach to evaluate tumor progression and metastasis. However, detecting biomarkers, such as extracellular vesicles in body fluids during the early stages of disease, remains a significant challenge. Conventional methods like ultracentrifugation-based isolation or Western blot protein quantification are time-consuming, require large sample volumes, and offer low yield and sensitivity. Therefore, the development of new biosensors for the specific and efficient analysis of tumor extracellular vesicles is urgently needed.MethodsMicrofluidic devices provide extraordinary benefits for bioanalysis, offering a large surface area for the contact between target molecules and the biosensor, significantly enhancing the specificity, efficiency, and speed. These devices also enable nanoscale and microscale work using reduced sample volumes. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional self-assembled SiO2-based nanostructured microfluidic chip, bioconjugated with specific antibodies targeting exosomal markers for the selective capture of CD63- and CD81-positive extracellular vesicles from breast cancer-derived conditioned cell culture media.ResultsThe three-dimensional SiO2-based microfluidic chip effectively captured extracellular vesicles expressing CD63 and CD81 antigens from breast cancer cell culture media. This evidence demonstrates the potential of this platform to detect extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for cancer, providing a specific and efficient, non-invasive approach for cancer diagnostics.ConclusionsThis study highlights the potential application of three-dimensional SiO2-based microfluidic chips for detecting extracellular vesicles as a non-invasive liquid biopsy tool for breast cancer. The findings show a specific and efficient device as an alternative to conventional biomarker detection techniques
Evaluación de factores de riesgo asociados a complicaciones significativas posterior a hemorroidectomía
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Objective: To compare patients who presented post-hemorrhoidectomy complications with the group without them and to evaluate associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: Retrospective observational and analytical study of all patients hemorrhoidectomized between 2017 and 2023 evaluating them in two groups, with and without postoperative complications. Results: A total of 1.212 patients were analyzed, 1.154 without and 54 with postoperative complications. Of the total 51.3% were wo-men, the average age was 43.8 years. Both groups had a relatively similar distribution. The overall rate of complications was 4.4% and of reoperations 3.2%. The most frequent complication was bleeding (1.98%). The risk factors associated with bleeding were grade III or IV hemorrhoids (OR 5.88), use of advanced bipolar energy (OR 3.79), resection of 3 or more piles (OR 2.48) and PPH technique (OR 6.7). There were no significant risk factors for fecaloma and abscess. Discussion: Relevant bleeding after hemorrhoidectomy is a rare complication, with results and associated risk factors comparable to those reported in the literature. Conclusion: Significant complications following hemorrhoidectomy are rare. Bleeding was the most frequent complication and with the highest number of reoperations. Associated risk factors were grade III or IV hemorrhoids, use of advanced bipolar energy, resection of 3 or more bundles and the use of PPH technique. © 2025, Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile. All rights reserved.https://revistacirugia.cl/index.php/revistacirugia/article/view/2376S
Budget impact analysis of neoadjuvant nivolumab for non-small cell lung cancer in the Chilean public healthcare system: An exploratory economic assessment
No full textIndexation ScopusPurpose: Effective and sustainable treatments to improve patient outcomes are urgently needed for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Neoadjuvant therapies, particularly nivolumab, have shown superior outcomes in event-free survival and pathological response, yet financial coverage is scarce. We aim to provide an exploratory economic analysis to assess the implications of its incorporation into routine clinical practice. Methods: We conducted a six-step BIA (budget impact analysis) based on a decision tree model for pathways, probabilities, and resource utilization from the national payer perspective at an event-free survival (EFS) horizon. We estimated the direct cost of drugs and all healthcare-related services for two scenarios: a baseline scenario [neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT)] and an alternative scenario [neoadjuvant nivolumab combined with chemotherapy (N + CT)]. Results: The funnel-down technique determined 359 eligible patients nationwide per year. The total cost of treatment in the baseline scenario amounts to CLP 6853 million (€ 7,553,572), with the highest relative expenditure attributed to the N + CT scheme (61.76%), resection (31.31%), and follow-up (2.73%). Adjuvant costs decrease to 1.03%, as does the expenditure on 1L (51.98% versus 0.34%) and 2L treatments (5.85% versus 0.18%). Early intervention in NSCLC reduces the budgetary impact by 6.3% (savings of − $ 462 million (€ 509,647) per treated cohort). Conclusions: Early incorporation of N + CT optimizes healthcare expenditure by providing access to therapies that improve survival rates while reducing the need for costly treatments in advanced stages. This approach represents a dominant strategy. © The Author(s) 2025https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12094-025-03872-7?utm_source=getftr&utm_medium=getftr&utm_campaign=getftr_pilot&getft_integrator=scopusS
Using implementation science to develop and deploy an oncology electronic health record
No full textIndexación: ScopusThe management of oncology clinical processes involves the efficient management of data using electronic clinical records to effectively monitor and treat oncology patients. As the process of treating and monitoring cancer patients involves multiple stakeholders with differing perspectives, the implementation and deployment of oncology clinical registries represent a significant challenge. In this study, we address this complexity by employing a technique that helps translate implementation strategies into requirement identification methods, which are subsequently disseminated throughout the implementation and deployment phases of health information systems. We applied this technique to develop an electronic health record for the national cancer plan in Chile. The findings indicate that six implementation strategies are essential to addressing stakeholder needs, as well as three requirement identification techniques to describe the underlying problem. Furthermore, a study conducted with 27 stakeholders revealed that the perception of the oncology electronic clinical record has considerable acceptance in three critical functionalities related to the clinical process of oncology patient management. The use of implementation science strategies provides an alternative approach to understanding the underlying problem that stakeholders face when they require healthcare technologies
Internalization of external tau aggregates co-localize with early endocytic markers and lysosomes
No full textIndexación Scopus.Tau's spread and internalization are related to disease progression in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies. Tau internalization plays a critical role in the spreading. The cells involved in brain surveillance involved in the clearance of aggregates include parenchymal-border macrophages (microglia), perivascular macrophages, and meningeal and choroid plexus macrophages. However, in events such as strokes, or tau amyloids can breach the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Facilitating the dissemination of aggregates. Thus, we evaluated whether the tau aggregates have effect over a semi-permeable layer such as DOPC. Nano-indentation showed that tau monomers of full length and tau 4R (microtubule binding domain) interact differently with DOPC, and the amyloids increase the Fp (critical force) but not disrupt the DOPC. Then, to analyze the effect of aggregates on N2a cells, we incubated tau aggregates for 24 h; resulting in the decrease of axon-like structures compromising the cell integrity. Afterwards, cultured tau aggregates with raw 264.7 cells (mouse macrophages) showed that the 4R microtubule-binding domain co-localize with Rab5 and Lamp1, suggesting a key role to lysosomes in the clearance of tau aggregates.https://www-sciencedirect-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/science/article/pii/S0301462225001176?via%3Dihu
Selection-mediated adaptive responses of native species to an invasive grass: Shade tolerance vs. shade avoidance
No full textIndexación: Scopus.Studies suggesting that native plant species adapt to invasive species are accumulating, but we still have little evidence of native species performance recovery over time, following phenotypic selection by invaders. The following sequential evidence is sufficient to infer selection-mediated native species performance recovery in response to the interaction with an invader: (i) a decrease in native species' performance in recently invaded areas, (ii) phenotypic selection on native species' functional traits within invaded areas, and in time (iii) trait changes in the direction of selection and (iv) recovery of native species' performance. In a field study in a Canadian grassland, we tested for the outlined sequential evidence in three native species in response to the invader Bromus inermis, whose growth habit significantly reduces light availability. Phenotypic selection was measured on two key traits associated with shade tolerance and avoidance: leaf area and plant height, respectively. Only one species, Artemisia ludoviciana, met all four criteria, thus showing evidence consistent with an adaptive response to B. inermis: increased shade tolerance in response to selection (increased leaf area), further recovering its performance. No such evidence was found for the other two species: we observed a lack of selection on key traits upon encountering the invader in Hesperostipa curtiseta and no response to selection in Achillea millefolium. Identifying the functional strategies plants can adopt to coexist with an invader is key to inform restoration and management strategies. The present study points to moving beyond the documentation of adaptation by native species to invaders. Specifically, following the proposed framework, future research would increase our understanding of when and how native species may adapt to persist and thrive within invaded areas, further identifying potential constraints to adaptive responses. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. © 2025 The Author(s). Functional Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Societyhttps://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14740?getft_integrator=scopus&src=getftr&utm_source=scopusFunding text
We would like to thank Alec Carrigy and Margarete Dettlaff for their assistance during fieldwork, and Grayson Alabiso-Cahill for help processing leaf area images. This research was supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant to JFC. GCS was supported by CONICYT Becas-Chile scholarship.S
Psychometric Validation of the Spanish OSAKA Questionnaire: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Colombian Dental Professionals
No full textIndexación: Web of Science.Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the obstructive sleep apnea knowledge and attitudes (OSAKA) questionnaire among dental professionals in Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Manizales, Colombia, between January and June 2024. A total of 120 dental professionals, including general dentists, specialists, residents, and academic clinicians, were selected through stratified random sampling. Participants completed the Spanish-adapted OSAKA questionnaire and a structured sociodemographic survey. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (alpha) and McDonald's Omega (Omega). Construct validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), with Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) values and Bartlett's test. Results: The knowledge subscale (18 items) showed good reliability (alpha = 0.83; Omega = 0.83), while the attitude subscale (5 items) showed near-acceptable reliability (alpha = 0.68; Omega = 0.59). KMO values were 0.79 for knowledge and 0.57 for attitudes; Bartlett's test was significant in both cases (p 1 explained 61.66% of the variance for knowledge, and two components explained 79.49% for attitudes. Significant differences in attitude scores were found among professional groups (p <= 0.001, eta(2) = 0.13), with specialists scoring highest (X = 17.66) and general dentists lowest (X = 14.62). Knowledge scores did not significantly differ between groups (p = 0.47). Conclusions: The Spanish OSAKA questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to assess knowledge and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea in Colombian dental professionals. Its use may support improved education, screening, and interdisciplinary collaboration in dental settings.https://www-webofscience-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:00153679830000
Adaptation and combination of two scales to measure dispositional gratitude in health sciences faculty: a psychometric analysis
No full textIndexación Scopus.Background: The study of gratitude has been a trending subject in psychology and emerging in health sciences education. For the past several years, interest has been aroused through various published contributions that still lack scientific support, so it is necessary to have instruments that obtain valid and reliable data about it. Gratitude has proven to be sensitive to different cultures. This research aims to determine the psychometric properties using a combined scale to measure dispositional gratitude in health sciences faculty. Method: A quantitative study was conducted with a non-experimental trans-sectional design with a correlational scope, with a sample of 216 professors of health sciences in a northeastern Mexico private university divided into subsamples for an Exploratory Factor Analysis (n = 113) and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 103). The Gratitude Questionnaire, Work Questionnaire and Brief Interactive Optimism-Garcia was applied to 110 women, 104 men and 2 who prefer not to specify their gender. Results: The result was a unifactorial measurement model composed of 10 items with evidence of construct validity (χ2 = 59.83, df = 20, p < 0.001, χ2/df = 59.83/20 = 2.99, SRMR = 0.11, GFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.93, RFI = 0.91, AGFI = 0.93), PRATIO = 0.78, PNFI = 0.73; concurrent validity with interactive optimism (r = 0.45, p < 0.001); convergent validity (AVE = 0.42); and reliability (α = 0.88; ω = 0.88). Conclusions: This model measures dispositional gratitude in health sciences Mexican faculty and contributes a vital instrument to advance future educational innovations involving this construct. The validation of the one-factor model with convergent reliability and validity suggests that the total scale score serves as an adequate measure of gratitude. Finally, it represents a valuable contribution to the teaching of health sciences since it generates healthy environments with prosocial attitudes that facilitate flourishing in personal and academic life, and in the future, health professionals with humanism as their standard.https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12909-025-06773-z.pdf?utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopu