4982 research outputs found
Sort by
Entrelazando memorias de mujeres en territorios periféricos sobre el Golpe de Estado Cívico-Militar en Chile
Get PDFLas memorias de mujeres en territorios periféricos son fundamentales para comprender el impacto político-social del Golpe de Estado en Chile, contribuye a visibilizar los procesos subalternizados por la historiografía centrada en las dinámicas político-sociales de las grandes urbes. Este artículo constituye un proceso de indagación y rescate de la memoria a través de los testimonios de mujeres en las regiones del Biobío, La Araucanía, Los Ríos y Los Lagos. Con este propósito, buscamos entrelazar los testimonios invisibilizados a través del estudio de la memoria, destacando el rol de las mujeres en los aspectos políticos, históricos y sociales que subyacen al Golpe de Estado y que dan cuenta de las vivencias en los territorios periféricos. La investigación es cualitativa y se planteó como un estudio de casos múltiples a través de un trabajo de campo en el cual se desarrollaron entrevistas grupales y en profundidad. El análisis de los datos se realizó a partir de un proce-so de codificación abierta con el propósito de desarrollar categorías de manera inductiva. A través de la articulación de las narrativas, los resultados dan cuenta de cuatro categorías: (1) quiebre democrático y repercusión en la vida cotidiana; (2) experiencias de violencia; (3) miedo y trauma, (4) resguardo familiar y cuidados colectivos. Los hallazgos nos permitieron descubrir las formas de vida que adoptaron las poblaciones una vez gestado el quiebre institucional de 1973, así como las formas de resistencia y dinámicas de cuidados entre las mujeres en los territorios periféricos del sur de Chile.The memories of women in peripheral territories are essential to understanding the political-social impact of the Coup d'état in Chile, contributing to making visible the subalternate processes by historiography focused on the socio-political dynamics of large cities. This article is a process of in-quiry and rescue of memory through the testimonies of women in the Biobío, La Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos regions. With this purpose, we seek to intertwine the invisible testimonies through the study of memory, highlighting the role of women in the political, historical, and social aspects that under-lie the Coup d'état and that describe the experiences in peripheral territories. The research is qualitative and is approached as a multiple case study through fieldwork in which group and in-depth interviews were carried out. The data analysis was based on an open coding process to develop categories inductive-ly. Through the articulation of the narratives, the results show four categories: (1) democratic breakdown and repercussions in daily life; (2) experiences of violence; (3) fear and trauma, and (4) family protection and collective care. The findings allowed us to uncover the ways of life that the populations adopted after the 1973 institutional breakdown, as well as the forms of resistance and care dynamics among women in the peripheral territories of southern Chile
Effects of resistance exercise training on redox homeostasis in older adults. Asystematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground
Resistance exercise training (RET) has proven effective at reducing the risk of chronic disease in older populations, and it appears to regulate redox homeostasis.
Aims
To determine the effects of RET on redox homeostasis in older people.
Study design
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials identified by searching MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Sportdiscus, LILACS, CENTRAL and CINAHL. We included studies of subjects aged 65 years or older, with or without pathologies, and including RET metrics with quantified molecular oxidation and antioxidant capacity outcomes.
Results
Fifteen studies were included in this review. Agreement between reviewers reached a kappa value of 0.725. There were a total of 614 participants, with an average age of 68.1 years. Five (for molecular oxidation markers) and three (for antioxidant capacity markers) studies included data that quantified the effects of RET on homeostasis redox. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there were no differences in the molecular oxidation markers (SMD = −0.26; 95% CI = −0.57 to 0.05; P = 0.10; I2 = 0%) and antioxidant capacity markers (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI = −0.20 to 1.26; P = 0.16; I2 = 71.5%) in healthy older people after a RET of 8–24 weeks compared to non-intervention.
Conclusions
Based on a small number of studies of low methodological quality, this systematic review with meta-analysis suggests that RET is not effective at reducing molecular oxidation markers in healthy older people. More research is needed on the effects of RET on redox homeostasis in older people
Emotional regulation and culture in school contexts
No full textEmotional regulation (ER) is understood as the set of automatic and/or voluntary processes that are used to reduce, maintain, or increase aspects related to emotions. RE in school contexts characterized by social and cultural diversity has had a broad growth in relation to research during the last decades. The objective is to analyze and synthesize the scientific productivity found between 2010 and 2022, regarding emotion and culture in school contexts. The method is a systematic review of the documents found on the Web of Science, related to emotional regulation and culture in school contexts, following the PRISMA guidelines. The n consisted of 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that cultural aspects mediate the forms of emotional regulation, which is directly linked to individual and social development and to the context of belonging to people. In conclusion, there is a need to address emotional beliefs from cultural perspectives, not only from mental health approaches in general, but also as an aspect in full development in the field of education
The temporalities of natural resources extraction: Imagined futures and the spatialization of the lithium industry in Chile
No full textLithium is expected to be a key resource for the upcoming economy, mainly for its linkage to green energies. A substantial amount of its production occurs in developing countries, promising positive outcomes for local and global actors. Based on the 'Imagined Futures' framework developed by German Sociologist Jens Beckert (2016), this article aims at examining the role of fictional expectations in local, national, and global processes of spatialization regarding lithium production, extraction, and commercialization. In particular, this article based on the case of Chile asks how fictional expectations constructed around the lithium industry explain decisive and conflictual dynamics within different spatial scales in the context of the global production networks and value chains of this industry. We argue that analyzing fictional expectations allows us to understand these dynamics. At the same time, the case of the lithium industry in Chile provides an opportunity to explore the role of territories and spatialization when studying fictional expectations. To do so, the paper draws on extensive empirical evidence from interviews with 30 key actors linked to the lithium industry. The main results show how fictional expectations and imaginaries about the future economy produce tensions and conflicts at the local level, at the time that pressure actors to make decisions in the present based on images about a future. Global value chains, economic forecasts, and political demands for greener technologies also provide narratives and imaginaries, feeding contesting interests, positions, and views about potential benefits and consequences of lithium extraction, tensioning the different scales of decision-making
Brown Seaweed Fucoidan in Cancer: Implications in Metastasis and Drug Resistance
No full textLos fucoidanos son polisacáridos sulfatados que se pueden obtener a partir de algas pardas e invertebrados marinos. Tienen propiedades anticancerígenas, ya que se dirigen a varias vías de señalización y mecanismos moleculares dentro de las células malignas. Esta revisión describe la diversidad de estructuras químicas de los fucoidanos y su similitud con otras moléculas como el glicosaminoglicano, que les permite participar en diversos procesos biológicos. Además, esta revisión resume su influencia en el desarrollo de metástasis y farmacorresistencia, que son los principales obstáculos para curar el cáncer. Finalmente, este artículo analiza cómo se han utilizado los fucoidanos en ensayos clínicos para evaluar su potencial sinergia con otras terapias contra el cáncer
Socialization of Knowing How to Feel through the Epew in Mapuche Culture: Guidelines for Early Childhood Education
No full textOral stories have historically been used by Indigenous peoples as an educational tool. In contexts of social diversity, where Indigenous peoples are a minority, these stories are excluded from formal education or used in ways in which their original meaning is lost. Epews are oral stories that form part of the family education of the Mapuche people. This article aims to reflect on the emotional socialization mechanisms in formal education (kindergarten and school) and also from the perspective of Mapuche family education, taking the epew as a basis for the learning process of knowing how to feel. The methodology corresponds to the Delphi method, in which 40 people participated (experts in methodology, literature, intercultural education, Mapuche academics, and Mapuche families). The results allow us to highlight the importance of the epew in the learning process of knowing how to feel in early childhood education. These results are organized into categories such as (a) the conceptualization of the epew; (b) reporting; (c) the epew and its function: Mapuche values and anti-values; (d) articulation with territory; and (e) early childhood education proposals. The results conclude that the implementation of the epew in the classroom, through the incorporation and visibility of socialization mechanisms, values, and rules of the display of emotions of the Mapuche people, constitutes a starting point for intercultural education in early childhood
A simple electroanalytical methodology for determination of zaleplon by adsorptive stripping voltammetry in oral fluids
No full textA glassy carbon electrode (GCE), modified with reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) (ErGO/GCE) was prepared for the determination of zaleplon, a common hypnotic pharmaceutical in synthetics and oral fluids. The modified electrode was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The electroanalytical studies were developed by square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SW-AdSV) and parameters such as pH, accumulation potential, deposition time, and current response were optimized to determine zaleplon in Britton Robinson buffer. The validation was made using saliva-certified reference materials (Fusayama/Meyer Artificial Saliva and Artificial Saliva for Pharmaceutical Research showing good accuracy and reproducibility. The ErGO/GCE system showed a linear response between 10 and 130 mu g/L at pH 10.0. The limit of detection was 5.30 mu g L-1. The methodology was applied in the determination of zaleplon in saliva samples, obtaining excellent results (RSD < 10%), allowing the sensitive detection of zaleplon
F. H. Jacobi and the Problem of Affection in Kant: A Methodological Solution
No full textThis paper seeks to describe F. H. Jacobi's critique of transcendental philosophy concerning the problem of affection and the thing in itself. This critique attributes to Kant's thought an idealism incompatible with any notion of realism. Jacobi's interpretation, however, rests on an ignorance of the methodological -transcendental nature not only of the terminology involved in the problem of affection, but of the whole Kantian reflection about knowledge. The exegetical model of the two aspects view has provided instruments that allowed for a hermeneutical reconstruction of the problem of affection and put in evidence the methodological mistake present in Jacobi's critique
Experiencias sobre el senado. reflexiones para el debate latinoamericano
No full textEl presente trabajo busca discutir sobre funcionamiento de los senados en América Latina. Las diferentes secciones del Foro de debate mezclan, de manera original, una reflexión teórica con recopilación de datos a nivel comparado y de caso. Las dos primeras secciones del trabajo analizan, primero, la evolución de los bicameralismos y unicameralismos en el mundo y luego los senados en América Latina. Las siguientes colaboraciones son dos análisis de caso de países con composiciones bicamerales: Chile, Argentina y Brasil. La última contribución es teórica y tiene como objetivo entender el concepto de autoridad en un órgano con actores ambiciosos y de manejo formal e informal. Estos artículos fueron realizados gracias al proyecto FONDECYT Regular 1211297 y la Iniciativa Milenio NCS2022_046