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A GAINST ANTHROPOCENTRIC EXCEPTIONALISM: POSTHUMAN SUBJECTIVITIES IN MÓNICA OJEDA'S LAS VOLADORAS
No full textThe short story collection Las voladoras , published in 2020 by Ecuadorian writer M & oacute;nica Ojeda, consists of eight stories that are shaped by an imaginative blend of the uncanny, violence, and the feminine. Within this narrative context, the aim is to address the assembly of women's bodies as heterogeneous constructs in relation to the violence they must confront, thus configuring posthuman subjectivities. We propose that in these stories, there are relationships between humans and non-humans that could be associated with what Donna Haraway terms 'queer kinship.' These relationships reveal ways of articulating women's identities with an explicitly collective and posthuman dimension, where Haraway's concept of 'becoming-with' becomes paramount: 'To be one is always to become with many'. The reason these stories adopt this stance is because strictly human relationships, particularly those of men toward women, are highly hostile, marked by an excess of power and, therefore, violence. This motivates the need for women to generate complex, intergenerational, and vital connections among themselves and with other living entities, where such human exceptionalism can be nullified, contested, and/or transformed
Observation codes: development for a method of visual inspection and damage assessment in unreinforced masonry during a post-seismic emergency
No full textExamining a particular tradition of visual inspection methodologies based on empirical evidence represents the basis for developing a method of evaluating simple masonry structural damages during post-seismic emergencies. Integrating these observation codes allows the calibration and analysis of the survey and its measurement techniques. By taking advantage of the technologies widely available, the digital assistant (App) integrates both specialized knowledge and traditional techniques that derive from directly surveying as an analytical basis for assessing the damage. The representation of this analytical dimension of the damage is a critical aspect of establishing the correlations between the visual codes and the algorithm's scaled assessment that determine the seismic risk and the degree of the structural integrity of the houses
Effects of acupuncture versus placebo on clinical status and potential specific effects in Fibromyalgia: an umbrella review of 11 meta-analyses
No full textBackground: The use of acupuncture is related to patients' expectations, and the therapeutic interaction effect remains a topic of debate in the literature. Accordingly, it is still unclear whether acupuncture can generate positive clinical effects in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Objective: To determine the effectiveness of acupuncture versus placebo for clinical outcomes and determine the overall effect not attributed to specific effects in patients with FM. Design: Umbrella review of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses. Data sources and methods: An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, PEDro, and SPORTDiscus databases from inception until December 2023. We selected studies with a clinical diagnosis of FM and that analyzed the effectiveness of acupuncture compared with a placebo. Pain intensity, functional status, fatigue, sleep quality, and depression symptoms were assessed. Effect sizes were calculated as the mean difference (MD) or standard mean difference (SMD). The quality of intervention reporting was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Results: Eleven SRs with 8399 participants were included. Compared with placebo, acupuncture was associated with reductions in pain intensity (MD = -1.13 cm, 95% CI -2.09 to -0.17, p < 0.001), physical function (SMD = -0.63, 95% CI -1.67 to 0.41, p = 0.06), sleep quality (SMD = -0.25, 95% CI -1.39 to 0.88, p = 0.06), and fatigue (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.22, p < 0.001). The proportion not attributable to specific effects (PCE) of acupuncture was 58% for pain intensity (PCE = 0.58, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.71), 57% for physical function (PCE = 0.57, 95% CI -0.07 to 1.20), and 69% for fatigue (PCE = 0.69, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.21). Conclusion: Acupuncture showed a statistically significant difference in decreased pain intensity and fatigue in women with FM. However, the certainty of evidence was low to very low; its effects are not clinically important, and more than 50% of the overall treatment effects were not attributed to the specific effects of acupuncture
Gender representations in the critical multimodal discursive construction of children's literary texts
No full textThe objective of this article is to analyse the discursive mechanisms that keep gender representations associated with sexist roles and stereotypes, as well as those mechanisms that construct alternative meanings or resistance in literary texts suggested by the Ministry of Education of Chile for Preschool and First Grade Education. The theoretical-methodological approach integrates the analysis of the intermodal evaluative meanings of the selected literary texts from the perspective of the Appraisal Model and Critical Multimodal Discursive Analysis. The corpus of this study is composed by three literary texts, which belong to classroom libraries from the transition level I and II from Preschool Education and First Grade in Primary Education, named: Pequena historia de un desacuerdo (Claudio Fuentes 2017), Soy una nina (Yasmeen Ismail 2016), La rapera Rap-unsel (from the book Cuentos del mundo en d & eacute;cimas , with lyrics by Eustaquio Perez and illustrations by Marcela Escobar 2016). The results show that in the literary works analysed coexist discursive mechanisms that build intermodal representations (verbal and visual) based on stereotypes and binary gender roles, sustained in a traditional sociocultural model; with others that tend to denounce and subvert the socially imposed gender order, which delegitimize binarism and legitimize citizen participation and the construction of new identities
Effects of nutritional profile system and front labeling infood selection during purchases: a systematic review
No full textIntroduction. Nutritional profiling systems (NPS) are mainly used in front-end labeling policiesin order to make the purchase and consumption choice conscious and healthy. Objetive. Thisstudy systematically reviewed evidence from interventions on the effect of NPS in the front-of-package on food purchases. Materials and methods. A bibliographic search was carried out inelectronic sources from Medline, Elsevier, Scielo and Lilacs, of experimental studies andintervention between 2012 and 2022. A total of 14 articles were included in the review. Theywere analyzed according to the intervention modality used: 4 studies analyzed the effect ofNPS in a real purchase situation and 10 evaluated purchase perception/intention. Results.According to the modality of intervention, the 6 studies that analyzed the NPS-warning system,all recorded healthier purchases compared to the control groups. While for the NPS-NutriScore, Health Star Rating and Multiple Traffic Lights were effective in the decision to purchase healthier foods, in 5 of 7 studies for the first NPS, in 4 of 7 for the second and in 4 of 8 for the third, compared with control groups. Conclusions. Findings of this study suggest that NPSs may be effective for healthy purchase choices, even so it is necessary to strengthen the system and policies with nutritional food education campaigns.<br /
Bias Reduction of Maximum Likelihood Estimates for an Asymmetric Class of Power Models with Applications
No full textIn this paper we study some methods to reduce the bias for maximum likelihood estimation in the general class of alpha power models, specifically for the shape parameter. We find the modified maximum likelihood estimator using Firth's method and we show that this estimator is the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE) in this class. We consider three special cases of this class, namely the exponentiated exponential (EE), the power half -normal and the power piecewise exponential models. We compare the bias in simulation studies and find that the modified method is definitely superior, especially for small sample sizes, in both the bias and the root mean squared error. We illustrate our modified estimator in four real data set examples, in each of which the modified estimates better explain the variability
Andrades Rivas, Eduardo, El ocaso del reino. Origen del mito fundacional de la República de Chile (Madrid, Colección Res publica, Editorial Dykinson, 2021), 432 págs.
Get PDFAssessment of motor skills given by Chilean Physical Education teachers for the correct performance of students who start Chilean Secondary Education
Get PDFLa investigación tiene por objetivo conocer la valoración de los (as) profesores (as) de Educación Física (EF) respecto a las habilidades motrices (HM) que deben ser adquiridas en Educación Primaria, para desempeñarse eficazmente en las clases de EF de la Educación Secundaria. Se ha optado por un diseño de investigación descriptivo, mixto. Con una muestra por conveniencia de 134 docentes a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario y seis expertos que conformaron el grupo focal de esta investigación. Para el análisis de datos se realizó un análisis estadístico paramétrico utilizando el programa IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 y la transcripción de audios a las entrevistas del grupo de expertos. El estudio concluye que las habilidades motrices que deben ser adquiridas antes de iniciar la Enseñanza Secundaria son el salto con manipulación de objetos, el lanzamiento de precisión, lanzamiento a distancia, recepción con las manos, carrera de alcance, bote, giro en contacto con el suelo, giro con carrera, conducción del balón con los pies y el salto a distancia.The objective of the research is to know the assessment of the Physical Education (PE) teachers regarding the motor skills (HM) that must be acquired in Primary Education, to perform effectively in the PE classes of Education. Secondary. A descriptive, mixed research design has been chosen. With a convenience sample of 134 teachers who were given a questionnaire and six experts who made up the focus group of this research. For the data analysis, a parametric statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 program and the audio transcription of the interviews of the group of experts. The study concludes that the motor skills that must be acquired before starting Secondary School are jumping with manipulation of objects, precision throwing, distance throwing, receiving with the hands, reaching run, dribbling, turning in contact with the ground, running spin, kicking the ball and long jump
Experimental and density functional theory study of the Li+ desorption in spinel/layered lithium manganese oxide nanocomposites using HCl
Get PDFThe increasing demand for portable electronic devices and batteries has led to a growing interest in Li com pounds. Lithium manganese oxides (LMO) are the most popular lithium-ion sieves (LIS) precursor materials due to their high lithium adsorption capacity and selectivity. The key step in forming LIS is the lithium desorption process from the crystalline lattice of the LMO. However, this process has been less researched than its coun terpart, the lithium adsorption process. In this line, there are some studies describing the process of lithium desorption in acid media from spinel-type LMO. Nevertheless, there is no evidence of the lithium desorption process of layered-type lithium-rich LMO in acidic media. In the present work, we investigated the lithium desorption behavior of different LMO nanocomposites in HCl. LMOs with different Li/Mn ratios were synthesized by promoting the lithium-rich layered phase (Li2MnO3). The morphology, size, crystallinity, chemical composition, and surface properties of LMO nanocomposites and delithiated products were studied. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to understand the differential lithium desorption behavior, confirming its dependence on the Li/Mn ratio of the LMO nanocomposites. Herein, we demonstrate that the lithium diffusion energy barrier plays a major role during lithium desorption from LMO nanocomposites. Our results suggest that an exhaustive characterization of lithium precursor materials (LMO) is necessary to select a suitable desorption process
Applying biofloc technology in the culture of juvenile ofPiaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818): Effects on zootechnicalperformance and water quality
Get PDFThis study is part of the project withcode FCARN-13-2014 and was fundedby the General Directorate of Researchat Universidad de los Llanos. Finally, wethank to Capital Semilla 2017, Faculty ofAgricultural Science and Natural Resourcesat Universidad de los Llanos for thefinancial support for the translation of themanuscript.The aim of this study was to assess the zootechnical performance and water qualityof a cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus) culture using biofloc technology (BFT)versus a system with daily water exchange (DWE). To do this, 180 juveniles (meaninitial weight: 5.40 ± 0.19 g) were distributed in 12 circular plastic tanks with stockingdensities of 20 or 40 individuals m 3 ; then, they were cultured for 91 days. BFT treat-ments kept a C:N ratio approximately of 15:1. Temperature, pH and oxygen weremonitored daily, while the other variables were measured weekly. Most productivevariables were significantly influenced by both culture system and stocking densitywith significantly higher values of daily weight gain, total weight gain and total lengthfor fish kept in DWE 20. However, only minor differences were observed within theBFT system. With the exception of the toxic nitrogen compounds (NH 4+ and NO2−),all the other water quality parameters were within the acceptable ranges for thecultivation of tropical fish. Microorganisms started to settle from the first week. Atotal of 23 genera were present, the most outstanding of which being seven generaof ciliates and three rotifers, rhizopods and chlorophytes. In conclusion, both systemsBFT and DWE are useful for increasing the production of P. brachypomus in captivity.Additionally, the BFT system can potentially be applied for growing juveniles of thisspecie in regions with scarce water resources