University of Cádiz
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Att balansera ansvar: En studie om controllers och deras hantering av olika förväntningar
No full textSmoke and Mirrors : The Promotion of Corporate Environmental Legitimacy as Climate Obstruction
No full textThe interconnected crises of climate change, biodiversity loss and chemical pollution constitute nothing less than an existential threat to humanity. Yet the global community’s response is manifestly inadequate. Against this backdrop, this dissertation analyses climate obstruction through the notion of corporate environmental legitimation – a relational process that cultivates and maintains the perception that corporations are suitable, willing and capable environmental stewards, even within a structurally unsustainable economic system. Empirically, the dissertation presents a multi-method case study of the Ellen Mac-Arthur Foundation (EMF), a leading advocacy organisation promoting the concept of a circular economy. Combining critical political economy and critical discourse analyses, it examines EMF’s funding, networks, governance, policy engagement, promotional practices, dis-course and relations to EU circular economy policy. The findings shows that EMF plays a central role in promoting a version of the circular economy that reinforces corporate environmental legitimacy, and that this largely overlaps with the EU’s version. Corporate initiatives are framed as meaningful progress within content circulated through EMF’s promotional system, where different legitimation strategies interact to reinforce this message. Furthermore, the analysis shows that EMF mobilises the circular economy as a brand, directing public enthusiasm towards corporate “circular” initiatives. The dissertation argues that this constitutes an important mode of climate obstruction: messages that create the impression that adequate solutions are underway function as smoke and mirrors. They foster hope in incremental improvements while potentially crowding out attention to the urgent systemic transformations required to return humanity to a safe operating space
Evaluation and analysis of the carbon footprint in environmental consulting projects
No full textEste Trabajo de Fin de Grado presenta la experiencia profesional adquirida durante las prácticas realizadas en la consultoría ambiental Tecnoambiente, centrándose en el cálculo y análisis de la huella de carbono según los estándares ISO 14064‑1:2019 y GHG Protocol. El documento combina una parte introductoria sobre el contexto del cambio climático y la gestión ambiental, seguida de la descripción del programa de trabajo y de las tareas desarrolladas, que incluyen recopilación y depuración de datos, uso de herramientas de cálculo, elaboración de informes y coordinación con clientes. Como eje principal, el TFG desarrolla un caso práctico real aplicado a una empresa ganadera con instalaciones en Galicia, La Mancha y Portugal, abordando los alcances 1, 2 y 3, así como las emisiones evitadas y su interpretación. Finalmente, el trabajo incorpora una evaluación crítica de la experiencia, las competencias adquiridas y el valor de la consultoría ambiental en la mitigación del cambio climático.Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado recoge la experiencia de las prácticas realizadas en la
consultoría ambiental Tecnoambiente, donde se participó en tareas de recopilación y
depuración de datos, elaboración de informes y coordinación con clientes en proyectos
de sostenibilidad. Como ejemplo representativo se presenta un caso práctico de cálculo
de huella de carbono aplicado a una empresa ganadera cunícola con instalaciones en
Galicia, La Mancha y Portugal. El estudio, basado en el GHG Protocol y la norma ISO
14064-1:2019, permitió aplicar de forma real los conocimientos adquiridos y evidenciar
la importancia de las medidas de mitigación y emisiones evitadas. El TFG refleja así la
integración de la formación académica con la práctica profesional en gestión ambiental.This Final Degree Project gathers the experience of the internships carried out in the
environmental consultancy Tecnoambiente, where we participated in data collection and
purification tasks, preparation of reports and coordination with clients in sustainability
projects. As a representative example, a practical case of carbon footprint calculation
applied to a rabbit farming company with facilities in Galicia, La Mancha and Portugal is
presented. The study, based on the GHG Protocol and the ISO 14064-1:2019 standard,
made it possible to apply the knowledge acquired in a real way and to demonstrate the
importance of mitigation measures and avoided emissions. The TFG thus reflects the
integration of academic training with professional practice in environmental
managementEl TFG está compuesto por un total de 27 páginas, numeradas desde la portada hasta la bibliografía. El documento incluye índice, resumen, abstract, cinco capítulos de contenido, tablas, figuras y gráficos distribuidos a lo largo del texto. Su estructura corresponde a un formato académico convencional, con maquetación en páginas verticales tamaño estándar A4. No presenta elementos multimedia ni archivos anexos, y, al tratarse de un PDF estático, no posee propiedades como bitrate, duración u otros atributos asociados a contenidos audiovisuales; se limita a texto, tablas e imágenes exportadas desde herramientas ofimáticas habituales como Word, Excel y PowerPoint
Biomass to bioproducts by integrated biorefinery strategy: ultrasonic pretreatment, dark fermentation and enzyme hydrolysis
No full textThe utilization of technology promoting energy indispensable to biorefinery applications drives the need for efficient biomass valorization strategies. This study investigates an integrated approach combining ultrasound pretreatment (US), dark fermentation, and enzyme hydrolysis (EH) to maximize the production of biohydrogen (H ), volatile fatty acids (VFA), total reducing sugars (TRS), and total proteins (PR) from lignocellulosic biomasses. Four feedstocks were examined: orange peel (OP), sugar beet pulp (SBP), brewers spent grain (BSG), and rice husk (RH). Ultrasound pretreatment at 120 min, 45 ◦ C, and 100 % of amplitude significantly enhanced the organic matter solubilization across all substrates, with OP exhibiting the highest solubilized organic matter (54.7 g O 2 /L; 25 g C/L, 21 g TRS/L and 8.7 g PR/L) with specific energy (Es) of 6.13 MJ/kg. During the dark fermentation process, the highest H 2 dry matter, while BSG and SBP, generate 17.9 mL H 2 production was obtained with OP, yielding 20.8 mL H /g dry matter, and 14.6 mL H 2 2 /g /g dry matter, respectively. Subsequently, VFAs production exhibited maximum yield with OP (5.37 g H-Ac/L), SBP (4.61 g H-Ac/L), and BSG (4.33 g H-Ac/L). Subsequent enzyme hydrolysis of the pretreated solid fractions further increased TRS concentrations, reaching 32.5 g/L for OP, 29.0 g/L for BSG, and 27.0 g/L for SBP. RH consistently exhibited the lowest yields across all bioproducts, attributed to its high lignin content and low enzymatic accessibility. Overall, OP proved to be the most promising substrate for integrated bioproduct recovery, demonstrating the efficiency of this biorefinery approach for lignocellulosic waste valorization
Participación comunitaria y educación ambiental: aprendizaje-servicio con enfoque intergeneracional en el ámbito escolar. El Huerto Escolar como aula Viva para el aprendizaje, la salud y la Comunidad.
No full textEste proyecto se fundamenta en la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (EDS) como un enfoque transformador que integra la justicia social, la equidad y el compromiso comunitario. Bajo la premisa de "pensar globalmente y actuar localmente", se promueve una ciudadanía crítica que trasciende lo ambiental para construir comunidades resilientes. En este marco, la educación para la sostenibilidad no se entiende como un contenido curricular aislado, sino como una finalidad transversal que atraviesa todas las áreas del conocimiento para contribuir a la construcción de un mundo más justo, habitable y solidario.
Un pilar esencial de este enfoque es la perspectiva intergeneracional, que reconoce la riqueza de conocimientos y experiencias de las personas mayores, posicionándolas como agentes activos y pilares de una educación inclusiva orientada al bien común. Integrar esta visión permite combatir el edadismo, promoviendo en su lugar la participación de los mayores en espacios educativos y comunitarios. De este modo, se fortalece el vínculo social y se garantiza una formación basada en la responsabilidad, la conciencia social y el respeto mutuo.Universidad de CádizInfografía tamaña A·
The Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Diabetes and Atrial Fibrillation. Insights from Sumamos-Fa-Semi Registry
No full textAim: To analyse the importance of inflammation in the disease burden and prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and atrial fibrillation (AF). We assessed these patients according to their neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values, examining their baseline characteristics and their prognosis at one year of follow-up based on a prospective AF registry in Spain (Sumamos-FA-SEMI). Methods: A prospective, multicentre, observational study of patients with AF (Sumamos-FA-SEMI) was conducted. We categorised the patients into four groups according to the presence of T2DM and NLR levels with a reference cut-off point of three. We compared the characteristics of the four groups and evaluated the prognosis using the mean values of all-cause mortality and all-cause mortality plus readmissions during a year of follow-up. Results: We analysed 1071 patients, 482 of whom had T2DM. This group had significantly higher rates of obesity and comorbidities. Groups with an NLR greater than three points had a higher prevalence of cancer, lower HDL cholesterol levels, and more albuminuria. Other inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, were also higher in these groups. Regarding prognosis, groups (both with and without T2DM) with an NLR greater than three had significantly higher mortality, with a higher probability in those without T2DM (HR 3.58, 95% CI: 1.99–6.43, p < 0.00). In terms of mortality and readmissions, only the group without T2DM and with an NLR greater than three had significantly higher mortality (HR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.51–3.19, p < 0.00). Conclusions: Among atrial fibrillation patients, the combination of T2DM and high inflammation (NLR) was linked to higher comorbidity, worse metabolic and kidney disease, and the poorest prognosis. Surprisingly, the highest risk of readmission or death was in non-T2DM patients with higher NLR levels, suggesting that T2DM treatments may mitigate risk
Numérique et droit à l’identité : quel accès de l’enfant adopté à ses origines?
No full textThis article examines how digitisation can contribute to the protection and enforcement of the identity rights of adopted children. More specifically, it assesses the relationship between technologies such as blockchain and digital identity systems, and online legal services, and international and European texts such as the International Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights (ECHR). In addition to this analysis, the article highlights the tensions between conflicting interests regarding access to one's origins, privacy and data confidentiality. The prevalence of one interest over another depends on the discretionary power of states. The aim is to reveal how digital technology can help to resolve these issues. When based on reliable legal guarantees that respect children's interests, digital spaces can ensure the effectiveness and respect of children's rights. This is particularly true in the case of international or irregular adoptions. The paper examines the promises and challenges of digital innovation and proposes ways in which this technology can be used to respect and enforce the right to identity of adopted children.L’article interroge l’apport que peut avoir la numérisation sur le respect et l’effectivité des droits identitaires des enfants adoptés. Plus précisément, il s’agit d’apprécier les rapports que les technologies telles que la blockchain, les systèmes d’identité numérique et les services juridiques en ligne entretiennent avec les textes internationaux et européens comme la Convention internationale relative aux droits de l’enfant (CIDE), la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l’homme (CESDH) ou encore les actes de l’Union européenne. Outre cette analyse, l’article met en lumière les tensions qu’il existe entre les intérêts antagonistes que sont le droit d’accès à ses origines, la protection de la vie privée, la confidentialité des données, dont la prévalence de l’un sur l’autre relève d’autant plus d’un pouvoir plus ou moins discrétionnaire des États. L’intérêt est alors de révéler l’apport que peut constituer le Numérique pour répondre à cette problématique. En effet, lorsqu’ils sont fondés sur des garanties juridiques éprouvées et respectueuses des intérêts de l’enfant, les espaces numériques sont un moyen d’assurer l’effectivité et le respect des droits de ce dernier. Cet enjeu se mesure tout particulièrement s’agissant des adoptions internationales ou irrégulières. L’étude examine tant les promesses que les défis de l’innovation numérique et propose de s’appuyer sur cette technologie pour respecter et faire respecter le droit à l’identité des enfants adoptés. Adoption och barns rätt till skydd: europeiska perspekti
Understanding late adolescents’ moral responsibility for climate change : The role of social-ecological factors, worry, and distancing
No full textAddressing climate change requires people in the Global North to avoid high-impact behaviors like car use and air travel. Late adolescents, whose engagement in such behaviors may be restricted by age and parental decision-making, are in a crucial stage for developing a sense of moral responsibility for climate change. Understandingwhy some adolescents cultivate this responsibility is vital, as responsibility relates to both pro-environmentalengagement and well-being. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors associated with late adolescents’sense of moral responsibility. Nature connectedness, parental descriptive norms, and macro climate-changeworry have been positively linked to pro-environmental behavior in previous research, but their role in rela-tion to moral responsibility regarding climate change remains less clear. Similarly, the relationship betweendistancing coping and moral responsibility is yet to be fully understood. In this study we explore ways that thesefactors are associated with late adolescents’ moral responsibility and examine whether these relationships differbetween girls and boys. In 2023, we surveyed 619 Swedish high school students (ages 16–20). We used structuralequation modeling to answer our research questions. Connectedness to nature, parental norms, worry, anddistancing coping were positively associated with responsibility, with parental norms having a stronger effect forboys. Worry partially mediated how parental norms and nature connectedness related to responsibility, with astronger mediation effect for girls in the latter relationship. Distancing coping did not moderate the relationshipbetween worry and responsibility. Our findings are interpreted within social-ecological and emotion-normframeworks, and we suggest promoting responsibility through nature connectedness, role modeling, andconstructive worry management. Limitations, including those related to cross-sectional designs, are discussed.
Vad gör vi med det rasistiska i texten? : En litteraturstudie om hur lärare hanterar rasistiska diskurser i litteraturundervisningen
No full textUppsatsen undersöker hur lärare arbetar didaktiskt med litteratur som innehåller rasistiska diskurser. Syftet är att identifiera återkommande undervisningsmetoder, vilka möjligheter och svårigheter som beskrivs i tidigare forskning när rasism aktualiseras genom litteraturläsning. Studien genomförs som en systematisk litteraturstudie där 14 vetenskapliga artiklar analyseras tematiskt utifrån studiens syfte och frågeställning. Resultatet visar att undervisning som behandlar rasistiska diskurser tenderar att behöva ha tydliga ramar för samtal och analys, till exempel att ha gemensamma begrepp, samtalsnormer och frågor som leder eleven från spontana reaktioner till mer grundade tolkningar. Flera studier betonar vikten av att kontextualisering ska kombineras med textnära analys av berättarperspektiv, representation och språkbruk, eftersom annars finns det en risk att förenklade tolkningar får fäste. Sammanfattningsvis pekar resultaten mot att arbetet med sådan litteratur kräver aktiv lärarstyrning som både gör rasistiska diskurser synliga och samtidigt skapar ett tryggt och kunskapsinriktat klassrumssamtal
Att möta patienter med anorexia nervosa: En litteraturstudie om sjuksköterskans upplevelse.
No full textBakgrund:Anorexia nervosa är en allvarlig psykiatrisk sjukdom som ofta kräver omfattande vård.Sjuksköterskor har en central roll i mötet med dessa patienter och beskriver flera emotionella och etiska utmaningar.Syfte:Syftet med studien är att belysa sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att möta patienter med Anorexia nervosa.Metod:En litteraturöversikt genomfördes baserad på elva vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ och mixad metod. Sökningar gjordes i CINAHL och Medline och analyserades med integrerad analys enligt Kristensson (2014).Resultat:Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: mötet med patienten, struktur, ansvar och etik samthållbart mötande. Sjuksköterskor upplevde frustration, maktlöshet och oro, särskilt vid patientensmotstånd och vid måltidssituationer. Gränssättning och tvångsåtgärder beskrevs som etiskt pressande. Stöd från teamet, individanpassning och kontinuerlig kompetensutveckling framträdde som viktiga för att hantera arbetet.Slutsats:Mötet med patienter med anorexia nervosa innebär betydande emotionella och etiska utmaningar. Struktur, relationell kompetens, teamstöd och utbildning är viktiga för att stärka sjuksköterskans trygghet och hållbarhet i yrkesrollen