University of Cádiz
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Vuxna personers erfarenheter av fysisk aktivitet vid depressionEn litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: I Sverige är depression en av de vanligast förekommande sjukdomarna. Fysisk aktivitet är en omvårdnadsåtgärd för att minska depressionssymtom som till exempel nedstämdhet och minskad energi. Sjuksköterskan har en central roll i omvårdnadsarbetet. Att utforska patienters erfarenheter är av intresse för att kunna vägleda personer till att utföra egenvård. Syfte: Att beskriva vuxna personers erfarenheter av fysisk aktivitet vid depression.Metod: En litteraturöversikt med systematisk sökning genomfördes i databaserna Medlineoch PhycInfo. Materialet analyserades med en integrerad analys. I resultatet inkluderades fem kvalitativa och fem kvantitativa artiklar.Resultat: Majoriteten av de vuxna personerna upplevde positiv effekt på depression när de utförde fysisk aktivitet. Däremot kunde olika hinder till att utföra aktiviteten uppstå, både fysiska och psykiska. För att stödja personer till att kunna utföra den rekommenderade egenvården i form av fysisk aktivitet var det av vikt att hitta en individanpassad fysisk aktivitet, en passande miljö samt socialt stöd. Detta kunde leda till att personens motivation ökade.Slutsatser: För att kunna använda fysisk aktivitet som omvårdnadsåtgärd vid depression behöver sjuksköterskan ha en holistisk syn. Alla personer är unika och upplever olika psykiska och fysiska hinder. Individanpassad fysisk aktivitet, socialt stöd och en trygg miljö kan öka förutsättningarna för personer att klara av att utföra fysisk aktivitet vid depression
Uppleva eller utvecklaEn kvalitativ studie om hur verksamhetsutbildning uppfattas bidra till studenters utveckling av "soft skills"
No full textChanges in the labour market have increased the importance of soft skills such as communication, collaboration, problem-solving, critical thinking, and responsibility for graduate employability. The aim of this study is to explore how work placement (verksamhetsförlagd utbildning, VFU) is experienced by students in business administration programmes and how it contributes to the development of these skills.The study adopts a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews with eight students who have completed VFU at Orebro University. The empirical material was analysed using a theory-driven thematic analysis informed by perspectives on soft skills and work-integrated learning. The findings show that VFU is perceived as an important arena for professional development. In particular, it strengthens students’ confidence and ability to apply soft skills in practical work situations. Problem-solving skills and responsibility are developed through independent work and real-world tasks, while communication and collaboration skills are enhanced through professional interaction. The development of critical thinking appears to be closely linked to supervisory support and a sense of psychological safety. Reflection is present during VFU but is often experienced as limited in depth.The study concludes that VFU can functions as a bridge between higher education and working life by supporting the practical application of soft skills, although its potential depends on the structure of the placement and opportunities for meaningful reflectio
Work hard, Man harder : En undersökning om hur manliga universitetsstudenter uppfattar maskulinitetsnormers betydelse i ett framtida arbetsliv
No full textMasculinity norms have become an increasingly prominent topic in today's society and refers to norms regarding masculine characteristics and behaviors. Like all kinds of norms and ideals, they can often go unnoticed but at the same time shape our thoughts and behaviors in everyday life. It was therefore considered interesting to investigate how male university students' perceive that norms and ideals of masculinity may influence their future working lives. This was investigated using the questions: Which masculinity norms do male university students perceive to exist in their future work life? and How, according to male university students’ accounts, do masculinity norms and ideals shape their perceptions of a future working life? Previous research indicated that masculinity norms are both part of men's identity and that choices in one's worklife can be made strategically to strengthen this identity. Data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed based on Bourdieu's (2019) concepts of habitus, field and symbolic capital and Connell's (2000) theory of hegemonic masculinity. The results indicate that the respondents perceive masculinity norms as having limited significance, while their descriptions align with established masculinity ideas related to performance, leadership and status. Despite their expressed skepticism, the results show that their views of their future working life are shaped by norms through socialization, while a certain degree of critical distance also can be identified.Maskulinitetsnormer har blivit ett allt mer uppmärksammat ämne i dagens samhälle och syftar till normer gällande maskulina egenskaper och beteenden. Likt alla sorters normer och ideal kan de ofta gå obemärkta men formar samtidigt våra tankar och beteenden i vardagslivet. Mot denna bakgrund kom intresset att undersöka hur manliga universitetsstuderners uppfattar att maskulinitetsnormer och ideal kan påverka deras framtida arbetsliv. Det undersöks med hjälp av studiens två frågeställningar: Vilka maskulinitetsnormer uppfattar manliga universitetsstudenter existerar inom respondenternas framtida arbetsliv? och Baserat på manliga universitetsstudenters utsagor, på vilka sätt kan maskulinitetsnormer och ideal forma manliga studenters uppfattningar om ett framtida arbetsliv? Tidigare forskning tyder på att maskulinitetsnormer både är en del av mäns identitet samt att val inom arbetslivet kan göras strategiskt för att stärka denna identitet. Data från semi-strukturerade intervjuer analyseras utifrån Bourdieus (2019) begrepp habitus, fält och symboliskt kapital och Connells (2005) teori om hegemonisk maskulinitet. Resultaten indikerar att respondenterna i begränsad utsträckning uppfattar maskulinitetsnormer som betydelsefulla, samtidigt som deras beskrivningar i hög grad överensstämmer med etablerade maskulinitetsideal kring prestation, ledarskap och status. Trots en uttalad skepsis visar resultaten att deras syn på framtida arbetsliv formas av normer av socialisering, samtidigt som kritisk distans kan urskiljas
När alla vet bäst : En teoretisk studie av kunskap och kompetens i det demokratiska beslutsfattandet
No full textThis study examines what I have chosen to call the knowledge problem of democracy. It is a concept that captures the conflict between the idea that all citizens should have equal political influence and the fact that many people possess a very limited amount of knowledge about society and the complex issues that political decisions often concern. I use the work of Jason Brennan, Robert Dahl, Åsa Wikforss, and Hélène Landemore to distinguish four central dilemmas: whether citizens’ ignorance can justify their exclusion from political decision- making, whether it is possible to draw a fair boundary of competence, whether exclusion leads to better decisions, and whether it can be maintained that moral truths exist within politics. The study explores two different approaches to these questions – one that views broad democratic participation as risky and bound to fail, and another that defends the democratic principle of equality and sees the value of diversity in decision-making as crucial. In order to illustrate the rather complex theoretical arguments, these perspectives are also presented in a more accessible dialogical form, in which contemporary examples are discussed by fictional characters. The aim of the study is not to solve the knowledge problem of democracy, but to try to identify and draw attention to some of the approaches that exist within democratic theory. To achieve this, I introduce two concepts in order to clarify the terminology: legitimizing decision-making and operative decision-making. These are used to more easily distinguish where the conflicts in the knowledge problem of democracy arise
Does Household Debt Amplify Mortgage Rate Effect on Housing Prices? : A Regional Analysis of Sweden
No full textThis thesis examines whether regional household leverage amplifies the effect of mortgage rate changes on house prices. Theoretically, higher household leverage suggests that houseprices are more sensitive to mortgage rate changes. This is understood through the cash-flowand collateral channel. This thesis uses a panel data covering 21 regions during the years 2010– 2017. Data is collected from Statistics Sweden, Laséen (2022) and Stenvall et al. (2025).The study uses a fixed effects model with region and year fixed effects. An interaction term between mortgage rate and Debt – to – income is employed to study the amplification mechanism. Analysis is conducted for small houses and apartments separately. Control variables, such as unemployment rate, regional gross domestic product and completed dwellings are used to mitigate the risk for omitted variable bias. The results show no strong statistical evidence of there being an amplifying relationship between Debt – to – income andmortgage rate. A joint model including apartments and small houses, indicates heterogeneity between the two housing types. Apartments are understood to be more responsive to mortgagerate changes in high DTI regions, relative to small houses
Kryptovalutor som diversifiering under kriser : En empirisk studie av Bitcoin, Ethereum och Ripple i relation till den svenska aktiemarknaden 2018–2024
No full textThis thesis examines whether cryptocurrencies can function as diversification or risk-reducing assets relative to the Swedish equity market during periods of financial stress. Using daily data for Bitcoin, Ethereum and Ripple from 2018 to 2024, their dynamic relationship with the OMX30 index is analyzed. To provide a broader benchmark, gold, the German DAX index, and the U.S. S&P 500 index are included as comparison assets. Periods of financial stress are identified as episodes in which the OMX30 declines by at least 10 percent from a recent peak. Time-varying correlations are estimated using a Dynamic Conditional Correlation GARCH (DCC-GARCH) model, allowing the analysis of how interasset relationships evolve over time. In addition, hedge effectiveness measures are employed to assess the cryptocurrencies practical ability to reduce portfolio risk.The results show that Bitcoin, Ethereum and Ripple exhibit weak but positive correlations with the Swedish equity market, implying that they may serve as diversifiers but not ashedges or safe-havens. During periods of financial stress, correlations tend to increase rather than decrease, indicating limited protective properties. Hedge effectiveness estimates further suggest that the risk-reducing capacity of cryptocurrencies is unstable and generally weak. Incontrast, gold displays more consistent negative correlations and superior hedging performance. Overall, the findings suggest that cryptocurrencies offer limited diversification benefits for Swedish investors and should not be considered reliable risk-mitigating assets during market stress
Mellan människa och maskin : En kvalitativ studie om hur controllers uppfattar att AI påverkar deras yrkesroll
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LÄRANDE OCH KRISBEREDSKAP PÅ REGIONAL NIVÅ I SVERIGE : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av hur erfarenheter från covid-19-pandemin kommer till uttryck i regionala krisberedskapsdokument
No full textThis study aims to examine how lessons learned and experiences from the COVID-19 pandemic are reflected in regional crisis preparedness work. The study focuses on the regions of Stockholm, Skåne and Västra Götaland, selected due to their large populations and key role in national infection control, including quarantine ports and airports. The empirical material of the study consisted of regional crisis preparedness plans and pandemic preparedness plans from the selected regions. In order to answer the three research questions, a qualitative content analysis was conducted to identify common patterns in the regions' crisis preparedness work. The results show that the documents do not contain any direct references to the COVID-19 pandemic, but that lessons learned and experiences overall are a big part of the regional crisis preparedness work. This is especially noticed in the preventive work and the post-crisis work with experience feedback. The crisis preparedness work is clearly organized and the importance of lessons learned in crisis management is clearly demonstrated in the analyzed documents. The findings suggest that the absence of direct references to the COVID-19 pandemic imply that experiences from the pandemic have not been included in the documents. The regions have clear structures for learning before and after crises. Making use of lessons learned and working with experiences feedback are seen as strengthening regional crisis preparedness for future crises