Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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OSMANLI SON DÖNEMİNDE KAZA İDARE YAPISI VE İDARECİLERİ: AKÇADAĞ KAZASI ÖRNEĞİ (1870-1920)
No full textTanzimat dönemi Osmanlı taşra reformlarını somut olarak görebilmenin en iyi yolu, uygulama alanlarına ve uygulayıcılarına bakmaktır. 1871’den sonra büyük oranda şekillenen vilayet, sancak, kaza ve nahiye düzeyindeki idarî teşkilat ve bunların başındaki mülkî amirlerle yürütülen bu sürecin başarı düzeyini belirleyen önemli etkenlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz taşra idarecileridir. Buradan hareketle, 1870-1920 yılları arasında Malatya sancağına bağlı olan Akçadağ kazası özelinde devletin reformlarının yansımaları izlenebilmektedir. Elli yıllık periyotta meydana gelen idarî gelişmelere paralel olarak Akçadağ kazasında merkezden atanan otuz beş kaymakam görev yapmıştır. Vilayet ve sancak düzeyinde olduğu üzere, kaza idaresinde de sıklıkla yaşanan görevden ayrılma ve göreve başlamalar doğal olarak idarî istikrarsızlığı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bunun bir sebebi kaymakamların idarî yönden ortaya koyduğu zafiyetler ve şahsi sorunlar iken öteki sebebi yereldeki vatandaşlarca iletilen şikâyetlerin sebep olduğu soruşturmalardır. Kaymakamlara idarî yönden kaza idare meclisi ile birlikte nâib, mal müdürü, tahrirat kâtibi, nüfus memuru, sandık emini ve telgraf memuru gibi diğer görevliler eşlik etmişlerdir. Kaymakamların idarî açıdan verdikleri kararlarda, yetişme tarzları ve idarî tecrübeleri büyük öneme haizdir. Bundan dolayı önceki görevleri, doğum tarihleri, eğitim durumları, atama ve yer değiştirme usulleri ile emeklilik, maaş, soruşturma ve ceza gibi gelişmeleri birçok açıdan detayları ile birlikte ele alınmıştır. Dönemin sonunda konumunu koruyan Akçadağ, Malatya’nın bir kazası olarak Cumhuriyet’e intikal etmiştir. Bu statüsünü günümüzde de devam ettirmektedir.The best way to see the Tanzimat-Era Ottoman provincial reforms concretely is to look at their application areas and implementers. Undoubtedly, one of the important factors determining the level of success of this process, which was carried out with the administrative organization at the level of province, sanjak, district and township, which was shaped to a large extent after 1871, and the civil chiefs at the head of them, is undoubtedly the provincial administrators. From this point of view, the reflections of the reforms of the state can be observed in the Akçadağ district, which was connected to the Malatya sanjak between 1870-1920. In parallel with the administrative developments that took place in the fifty-year period, thirty-five district governors appointed from the center served in the Akçadağ district. As in the province and sanjak level, leaving the duty and taking office frequently in the district administration naturally brought along administrative instability. One reason for this is the administrative weaknesses and personal problems revealed by the district governors, while the other reason is the investigations caused by the complaints made by the local citizens. The district governors were accompanied administratively by other officials such as the district administrative council, the naib, the property manager, the registration clerk, the civil registry officer, the ballot box trustee and the telegraph officer. In the administrative decisions of the district governors, their upbringing and administrative experience are of great importance. For this reason, his previous duties, birth dates, educational status, appointment and relocation procedures, and developments such as retirement, salary, investigation and punishment are discussed in detail in many aspects. Akçadağ, which preserved its position at the end of the period, was transferred to the Republic as a district of Malatya. It maintains this status even today
Comparison of the effect of oral and intravenous bisphosphonate use on bone density in the jaws in osteoporosis patients using fractal analysis method
No full textAmaç: Çalışmamızda; postmenopozal osteoporoz nedeniyle bifosfonat kullanan 50 yaş üzerindeki kadınlarda, bifosfonat kullanım süresi ve veriliş yolunun mandibular kortikal ve trabeküler kemik üzerine etkilerini öğrenmeyi ve dental panoramik radyogramların osteoporozun erken teşhisindeki yerini değerlendirmeyi hedefledik. Materyal ve metot: Elli yaş üstü postmenopozal 90 birey çalışmamıza dahil edildi. I. Grup sağlıklı bireyler (n=30), II. Grup oral bifosfonat kullanan osteoporoz hastalar (n=30), III. Grup intravenöz (IV) bifosfonat kullanan osteoporoz hastalar (n=30) olacak şekilde gruplandırıldı. Her grup posterior bölgede molar diş varlığına göre 2 alt gruba ayrıldı. Panoramik radyogram üzerinde seçilen ilgili bölgelerde (Region of Interest-ROI) fraktal analiz yöntemi ile trabeküler kemik yoğunluğu sayısal olarak belirlendi. Mandibulanın mental foramen altında kalan kortikal kemik genişliği (MCW) ölçüldü. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre oral veya intravenöz bifosfonat kullanan dişli ve dişsiz bireylerin fraktal boyut (FB) değerleri sağlıklı bireylere oranla ölçülen her bölgede daha düşük FB değerleri elde edilmiştir. Yine ilaç kullanım şekli fark etmeksizin hem oral hem IV bifosfonat kullanan hastaların mandibular kortikal kemik kalınlıkları sağlıklı bireylere oranla anlamlı oranda az olduğu görülmüştür. Oral bifosfonat kullanan dişli bireyler ile IV bifosfonat kullanan dişli bireylerin FB değerleri birbirine yakın olmakla birlikte seçilen iki ROI bölgesinde oral bifosfonat kullanan hastalarda anlamlı oranda düşük sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Dişsiz hastalarda ise yine yakın değerler elde edilmiş olmasına karşın sadece bir bölgede oral bifosfonat kullanan hastaların IV bifosfonat kullanan hastalara oranla anlamlı oranda daha düşük değere sahip olduğunu gördük. Mandibular kortikal kalınlık ölçümlerinde ise anlamlı bir farklılık olmasa da oral bifosfonat kullanan bireylerin dişli veya dişsiz oluşu fark etmeksizin IV bifosfonat kullanan bireylere oranla daha düşük MCW değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bifosfonatların kullanım süreleri ile mandibulanın ilgili bölgelerinden elde ettiğimiz fraktal değerler arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmamıştır. Sonuçlar: Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar bize intravenöz bifosfonat kullanımının mandibulanın trabeküler ve kortikal kemiklerinde daha iyi bir kemik kazanımı elde edilmesinde önemli bir rol aldığını düşündürmektedir. MCW değerlerinin ölçümünün ise osteoporoz hastalarında önemli bir belirteç olarak hastaların erken teşhisinde ve gerekli bölümlere yönlendirmesinde önemli bir tanı aracı olarak kullanılması gerektiğini savunuyoruz.Aim: In our study; we aimed to learn the effects of bisphosphonate use duration and route of administration on mandibular cortical and trabecular bone in women over 50 years of age using bisphosphonates for postmenopausal osteoporosis, and to evaluate the place of dental panoramic radiograms in the early diagnosis of osteoporosis. Materials and Method: 90 postmenopausal individuals over the age of 50 were included in our study. Group I; healthy individuals (n=30), II. Group; osteoporosis patients using oral bisphosphonates (n=30), III. Group; Osteoporosis patients using intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (n=30) were grouped as. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the presence of molar teeth in the posterior region. Trabecular bone density was determined numerically by fractal analysis method in the relevant regions (ROI) selected on the panoramic radiogram. The width of the cortical bone (MCW) under the mental foramen of the mandible was measured. Obtained data were evaluated statistically. Results: According to the findings, fractal dimension (FB) values of toothed and edentulous individuals using oral or intravenous bisphosphonates were lower in every region measured compared to healthy individuals. Again, regardless of the type of drug use, it was observed that the mandibular cortical bone thickness of the patients using both oral and IV bisphosphonates was significantly lower than the healthy individuals. Although the FB values of toothed individuals using oral bisphosphonates and toothed individuals using IV bisphosphonates were close to each other, significantly lower results were obtained in patients using oral bisphosphonates in the two selected ROI regions. Although similar values were obtained in edentulous patients, we found that patients using oral bisphosphonates in only one region had a significantly lower value than patients using IV bisphosphonates. Although there was no significant difference in mandibular cortical thickness measurements, it was observed that individuals using oral bisphosphonates had lower MCW values than individuals using IV bisphosphonates, regardless of whether they were toothed or edentulous. No significant correlation was found between the duration of use of bisphosphonates and the fractal values obtained from the relevant regions of the mandible. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the use of intravenous bisphosphonates plays an important role in achieving a better bone gain in the trabecular and cortical bones of the mandible. We argue that the measurement of MCW values, as an important marker in osteoporosis patients, should be used as an important diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis of patients and directing them to the necessary departments
Evaluation of remineralization efficacy of toothpastes against demineralization caused by frequently consumed beverages in children BY micro-CT and sem
No full textAmaç: Bu in-vitro çalışmanın amacı başlangıç çürüğüne ve erozyona karşı, NaF içerikli 'Sensodyne Promine', CPP-ACP içerikli 'GC Tooth Mousse' ve doğal içerikli 'Agarta' diş macunlarının remineralizasyon etkinliğinin mikro-BT ve SEM ile incelenmesidir. Materyal ve Metot: Mikro-BT analizi için 45 adet, SEM analizi için 7 adet üçüncü büyük azı dişi çalışmada kullanıldı. Başlangıç taraması (T1) yapıldıktan sonra, 7 gün boyunca pH siklusu ile yapay başlangıç çürüğü lezyonları, portakal suyu ve kola ile yapay erozyon lezyonları oluşturuldu. Demineralizasyon sonrası 2. tarama (T2) yapıldı. 15 gün boyunca günde 2 kez 2 dk boyunca, diş macunları yumuşak uçlu fırçalar ile uygulandı ve sonrasında 3. tarama (T3) yapıldı. Mikro-BT ile mineral yoğunluğu, yüzey alanı, lezyon hacmi ve derinliği hesaplandı. Dişlerin yüzey morfolojilerindeki değişimler SEM ile incelendi. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: Tüm macunların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede mineral yoğunluğunu artırdığı, yüzey alanını, lezyon hacmini ve derinliğini ise azalttığı bulunmuştur (p0.05). Remineralizasyondan sonra artan dokunun mineral yoğunluğunda gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (NaF>CPP-AC>Agarta, p0.05). A statistically significant difference was found among the groups in the mineral density of the tissue that increased after remineralization (NaF>CPP-AC>Agarta; p<0.05). Conclusion: Regular brushing with easily accessible toothpastes can improve initial caries and initial erosion lesions. In addition to the remineralization effect of fluoride, CPP-ACP, more Micro-CT and SEM studies are needed to evaluate the remineralization efficiency of toothpaste containing propolis or aloe vera as an alternative to these pastes. Keywords: Micro-CT, SEM, dental erosion, demineralization, remineralization, CPP-ACP, NaF, propolis, aloe ver
Comparison Of Outdoor and Indoor Playground Qualifications of State and Private Kindergartens: Case of Malatya Province
No full textIn this study, it is aimed to contribute to the determination of the most appropriate spatial dimensions by comparing the dimensions of the indoor and outdoor playgrounds in private kindergartens and public kindergartens in Malatya. In this study, document analysis method was used. When the research findings are examined, it is seen that although there are not specifically multi-purpose halls in public schools other than classrooms, the playgrounds of public kindergartens have large areas where students can engage in activities comfortably compared to private institutions. Again, it has been found that public kindergartens have larger areas in indoor playgrounds compared to private kindergartens regarding quotas, in terms of quota based area measurements.In future research, applying motor skill tests to children studying in public kindergartens and private kindergartens, which have two different service standards, will provide detailed and targeted answers about field competencies from the results achieved
Compartir la mirada. Siete años desde la AEN
No full textLa aen-profesionales de la salud mental es un tesoro. Un colectivo de profesionalestan variado, una posición tan asentada en el ámbito de la Salud Mental yel impulso constante hacia la transformación de la teoría y de la práctica conformanun punto de vista privilegiado
Hacia la creación de la especialidad sanitaria de Psicología Clínica de la Infancia y la Adolescencia
No full textEn España aún no existe un título oficial de especialista sanitario en Psicología Clínica de la Infancia y la Adolescencia, sin embargo, son muchos los argumentos que evidencian la necesidad de su creación. Entre los principales están la urgente necesidad de mejorar la calidad de la atención a la salud mental de la infancia y la adolescencia; el hecho de que esta especialidad sanitaria ya existe como rama científica diferenciada y consolidada; la necesidad de un programa de formación reglada propio para esta área de la psicología clínica, dada la especificidad y extensión de los conocimientos científicos y competencias profesionales necesarios para su ejercicio; o que la Psicología Clínica de la Infancia y la Adolescencia ya existe de facto como especialidad sanitaria diferenciada en algunos sistemas sanitarios públicos autonómicos. En este artículo se exponen y desarrollan estos y otros argumentos con el objetivo de impulsar la creación de esta nueva especialidad sanitaria en nuestro país
Género y adicciones en el medio penitenciario
No full textConocido el patrón de consumo y uso social de sustancias psicoactivas, se revisael modelo de atención a los problemas de salud mental en los centros penitenciariosque albergan a mujeres presas, que representan un 7,6% de la población reclusa, la máselevada en Europa Occidental. Se perfilan medidas de las políticas penitenciarias dirigidasa la mujer reclusa previas al ingreso en prisión, intervenciones en el propio medio penitenciario,así como medidas de transición a la comunidad
Una experiencia en grupo de madres y padres, paralelo al de niños
No full textIn defense of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, I will talk about a group experience which lasted 10 months, was developed in public assistance in mental health, and was published under the title Psicoterapia en grupo paralelo de madres y padres. Focalizando en la función parental. The parallel groups of children and parents some times help to cure, others help to stop and deactivate involutionary and deteriorating situations, and, in general, contribute to create a more stable mental order, which prevents serious personality disorders. They offer considerable comparative advantages to public mental health professionals regarding approach, diagnosis and therapy, as well as a high preventive value. I will share some observations, ideas, questions and suggestions that surround and frame my experience.En defensa de la psicoterapia psicoanalítica, hablaré sobre una experiencia grupal que duró 10 meses, fue desarrollada en la asistencia pública en salud mental y se publicó con el título Psicoterapia en grupo paralelo de madres y padres. Focalizando en la función parental. Los grupos paralelos de niños y padres unas veces ayudan a curar, otras a detener y desactivar situaciones involutivas y de deterioro, y, en general, contribuyen a crear un orden mental más estable que previene trastornos graves de la personalidad. Ofrecen a la asistencia en salud mental pública y a los profesionales considerables ventajas comparativas en cuanto a abordaje, diagnóstico y terapéutica, además de un alto valor preventivo. Compartiré algunas constataciones, ideas, preguntas y sugerencias que envuelven y enmarcan mi experiencia
Is There a Predictive Factor for an Association with Autoimmune Glandular Disease in Children Diagnosed with Celiac Disease?
No full textObjective: A close relationship has been suggested between Celiac disease (CD) and glandular autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for autoimmune glandular disease (AGD) in children with CD.Methods: The study included 228 pediatric patients, diagnosed with CD between 2010 and 2019. The cases with AGD (Group 1) and those without AGD (Group 2) and the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (Group A) and those without T1DM (Group B) were retrospectively reviewed and compared in terms of clinical and laboratory features.Results: AGD was detected in 8.8% (n=20) of the patients: T1DM in 13 (65%), T1DM and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in 3 (15%), HT only in 2 (10%), T1DM and Graves disease (GD) in 1 (5%), and GD only in 1(5%). The mean age at the diagnosis of CD was significantly higher in Group 1 (10.93 +/- 4.15 years) compared to Group 2 (8.10 +/- 4.19 years) (p<0.05) and also was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B (p<0.05). Most of the diagnoses of AGD were made before the diagnosis of CD and age was an effective factor. There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 2 and Group A and Group B in terms of gender, typical/atypical CD ratio, tissue transglutaminase IgA (TTGA) level, human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 positivity rate, and histopathological stage.Conclusion: Although patients with a diagnosis of co-existent CD and AGD were significantly older than patients with isolated CD, gender, celiac symptoms, TTGA level, HLA type, and histopathological stage had no predictive value for the coexistence of AGD in patients with CD
THE EFFECT OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND METAL ELECTRODES ON GAS DETECTION IN TiO2 NANOTUBES H2 SENSORS
No full textBAU;et al.;INOGEN;Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources;TENMARK;Turkish Airlines23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2, WHEC 2022 -- 26 June 2022 through 30 June 2022 -- 186176In this study, the effects of various metal electrodes and various crystal structures on hydrogen (H2) gas sensors based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes were investigated. For the production of TiO2 nanotubes, anodization method consisting of an electrolyte containing 0.5wt% NH4F in 85% pure glycerol solution was applied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the obtained TiO2 nanotubes were examined. In order to see the effect of different crystal structures of TiO2, amorphous, anatase and rutile phases were obtained by annealing of samples. Each of the Ti/TiO2 nanotubes/metal (Pd, Pt, Au, and Ag) gas sensors, obtained by coating with palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), gold (Au) and silver (Ag) electrodes, was tested at room temperature at 1% H2 concentration depending on three different phases. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.CA20126; FBA-2020-2315; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COSTThis paper is based upon work from the European COST ACTION-Network for Research, innovation and product development on porous semiconductors and oxides CA20126 supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). This paper was also funded by Inonu University Scientific Research Unit of Turkey (BAP, Project Number: FBA-2020-2315)