Repositorio de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
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How Does Transparency Affect Bank Risk and Performance? Evidence from Turkey
No full textPurpose: The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of transparency on the performance of banks, which are among the most important units of the financial sector.Methodology: The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) analysis was applied using the annual data from 22 deposit banks operating in Turkey. Four models related to profitability, credit risk, deposits, and stock returns were established by calculating a transparency score derived on the basis of 106 criteria for each year and for each bank.Findings: According to the GMM results, it was observed that transparency, credit risk, and profitability were negatively correlated, while stock returns had a positive relationship.Research limitations: There are not enough public-traded banks, especially in the stock returns section. Although this research has the largest sample size among the studies conducted to date, all banks in Turkey could not be included in its scope.Value: The analysis reveals the importance of reporting and sharing information from banks. Banks should set a transparency criterion, and a transparency score should be established using the researched criterion
Integration of technology to clinical teaching:The impact of mobile and web-based software automation designed for midwifery students on motivation, time management and anxiety levels
No full textAim: This study was performed to assess the impact of a mobile and web-based software system named Midwifery Clinical Automation (EBEKO) and designed by researchers to be used in clinical practices on motivation, time management and anxiety level.Method: The sample of this randomized controlled trial consisted of 60 midwifery students who were randomly and equally assigned to the experimental and control groups. Data were collected between February and May 2019 using Student Introduction Form, Motivation Resources and Problems Scale (MRPS), Time Management Inventory (TMI) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI I-II). EBEKO application was designed as a software system ensuring mutual interaction between students and instructors. Students in the experimental group and all instructors of the department of midwifery were trained in terms of using the system. Students were asked to upload the data regarding midwifery care, monitoring and trainings utilized within the clinical practices to the EBEKO. Data uploaded to the system were transferred to the screen designed for the instructors who were in charge. Instructors assessed these forms (for pregnant women/puerperal women/newborns etc.), demanded revisions, approved or returned. Approved forms corresponded to the number of forms needed by the students in the study to graduate. All students in the experimental group used EBEKO system throughout their education period (14 weeks). No interventions were made on the students in the control group. Data were analyzed through the de-scriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, min-max values), and t-test in the dependent and independent groups. Results: Students in the experimental and control groups were found to have similar motivation, time management and anxiety level prior to the use of EBEKO. However, after the use of the application, the mean post-test motivation and time management scores of the students in the experimental group signif-icantly increased compared to the control group ( p 0.05).Conclusion: EBEKO was found to positively affect the motivation and time management of midwifery students.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects at Inonu University [TCD-2018-1467]Funding The Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects at Inonu University was applied for financial support for the design of EBEKO (Project No: TCD-2018-1467)
Disease history of patients with COPD
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aimed to obtain real-life data of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at least one year ago, including smoking history, inhaler device training, and the number of exacerbations. METHODS: This study was planned as a nationwide, prospective, observational, multicenter, and noninterventional study, and web-based electronic case forms were used to register the patients. RESULTS: A total of 460 patients from 11 centers were included, of whom 88.3% were males. Of the total patients, 137 (29.8%) were current smokers, and 292 (63.5%) were ex-smokers. One hundred twenty-four (29.6%) patients did not receive inhaler device training. Repeated inhaler device training in the follow-up visits was not performed in 255 (60.8%) patients. Of the total participants, 187 (41.0%) reported no exacerbations in the previous year. The mean number of exacerbations per person over the previous year was 1.19. The annual rates of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines were 34.8% and 4.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Patients should be trained more efficiently in the risks of COPD, use of inhaler devices, exacerbations, and improving quality of life
The effect of reflective thinking on the determination and solution of secondary school students' speech problems
No full textBu araştırmada, yansıtıcı düşünmenin ortaokul öğrencilerinin konuşma problemlerini tespit etme ve çözmedeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karma yöntemle sürdürülen çalışmanın "ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desenle" yapılandırılmış nicel ve eylem araştırmasından oluşan nitel boyutları bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda bir deney ve bir kontrol grubundan oluşan öğrencilere, konuşma becerisine yönelik etkinliklere (nefes kullanımı, boğumlanma, telaffuz, konuşma hızı, ölçünlü dil, vurgu/tonlama/durak, gereksiz ses ve sözcükler, ses kullanımı, beden dili) dayanan bir öğretim süreci uygulanmış; deney grubundaki uygulamalara ayrıca yansıtıcı düşünme araçları olan yansıtıcı günlükler, öğrenme yazıları, öz ve akran değerlendirme formları ve sınıf içi tartışmalar eklenmiştir. Uygulama öncesinde ve sonrasında nicel verilerin toplanması için Uzman Değerlendirme Ölçeği ile Öz ve Akran Değerlendirme Kontrol Listeleri kullanılmıştır. Uzman Değerlendirme Ölçeği'nden elde edilen bulgular, yansıtıcı düşünme araçlarının kullanıldığı deney grubunun anlamlı düzeyde farklılık oluşturacak oranda geliştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Kontrol Listeleri ise öğrencilerin konuşma etkinliklerine olumlu biçimde yaklaştıklarını göstermektedir. Çalışmanın nitel bulgularını, yansıtıcı düşünme araçlarından elde edilen veriler oluşturmuş ve deney grubu öğrencilerinin sürece ilişkin birçok değerlendirmede bulunmaları sağlanmıştır. Yansıtıcı günlüklerle etkinliklerin eğlenceli ve sıkıcı bulunan yönleri, edinilen deneyimlerin günlük hayatta nasıl kullanılacağına ilişkin görüşler, ele alınan konuların anlaşılma düzeyleri ve ileriye dönük beklentiler tespit edilmiş; öğrenme yazılarında sürece yönelik olarak ön bilgiler, yeni edinilen kavramlar, konuların zor veya kolay görülen yönleri, etkinlikleri günlük hayatta veya sınıfta uygulama imkânı, kullanılan yöntem ve teknikler, materyaller, süre, elde edilecek faydalar, başka hangi konu ve etkinliklerin olabileceği hususundaki görüşlere yer verilmiştir. Öz ve akran değerlendirme formları, konuşma becerisinin doğrudan konu alanına yönelik olarak değerlendirilmesini sağlamış; sınıf içi tartışmalar konuşma becerisine yönelik tutum ve algılara odaklanmıştır. Yansıtıcı günlükler, öğrencilerin konuşma etkinliklerini genel olarak faydalı ve eğlenceli bulduğunu, ancak kuramsal boyutu olan konularda zorlandıklarını göstermektedir. Öğrenme yazıları: konuşma becerisine ait ön bilgilerin konu alanına göre farklılık gösterdiğini, öğrenilen yeni bilgilerin sözlü iletişimdeki etkisine göre ayrıştırıldığını, kuramsal bilgilerin pratiğe aktarılması konusunda tereddütler yaşandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Öz ve akran değerlendirme formlarına göre, konuşma konularında özellikle vurgu/tonlama ve durak ile gereksiz ses ve sözcük kullanımı alanlarında zorluk yaşanmaktadır. Sınıf içerisinde yapılan tartışmalar ise öğrencilerin konuşma becerisine yönelik yaklaşımlarının daha çok duyuşsal ve sosyal boyuta yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yansıtıcı düşünme, konuşma becerisi, konuşma problemleri, yansıtıcı günlükler, öğrenme yazıları, öz ve akran değerlendirme.In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of reflective thinking on detecting and solving speech problems of secondary school students. The study, which was carried out with mixed method, has qualitative dimensins consisting of quantitative and action research structured with a "quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group". In the quantitative dimensin of the study, a study based on activities for speaking skills (breathing, articulation, pronunciation, speaking rate, standard language, stress/toning/pause, unnecessary sounds and words, voice use, body language) was conducted for the students including an experimental group and a control group and teaching process was applied. Reflective journals, learning articles, self and peer assessment forms and in-class discussions were added to the practices in the experimental group. Expert Evaluation Scale and Self and Peer Evaluation Checklists were used to collect quantitative data before and after the application. Findings from the Expert Evaluation Scale revealed that the experimental group, in which reflective thinking tools were used, developed at a rate that would make a significant difference. Furthermore, checklists show that students approach speaking activities in a positive way. The data obtained from the reflective thinking tools formed the qualitative findings of the study and the experimental group students were provided with many evaluations about the process. With the reflective journals, the fun and boring aspects of the activities, the views on how to use the experiences in daily life, the level of understanding of the topics were discussed and future expectations were determined. In the learning articles, opinions regarding the process, newly acquired concepts, the difficult or easy aspects of the subjects, the possibility of applying the activities in daily life or in the classroom, the methods and techniques were used, materials, duration, benefits to be obtained, and other topics and activities were included. While self- and peer-assessment forms enabled the speaking skill to be evaluated directly in the subject area, in-class discussions focused on attitudes and perceptions towards speaking skills. Reflective journals showed that students generally find speaking activities useful and entertaining, but they had difficulties in theoretical aspects. Learning articles revealed that the prior knowledge of speaking skill differs according to the subject area, the new learnt information was separated according to its effect on oral communication, and there were hesitations about transferring theoretical knowledge to practice. According to the self- and peer-assessment forms, difficulties were experienced especially in the areas of stress/toning and pause, and use of unnecessary sounds and words in speaking subjects. The discussions held in the classroom showed that students' approaches to speaking skills mostly focus on the affective and social dimensin. Keywords: Reflective thinking, speaking skill, speech problems, reflective journals, learning writings, self and peer assessment
Evaluation of the relationship between nasal septal deviation and development of facial asymmetry with anthropometric measurements depending on age
No full textAim: It was aimed to determine the change of facial asymmetry resulting from nasal septal deviation (SD) depending on age, gender, degree of deviation and the affected area besides the effect of SD on somatotype and craniofacial morphology. Materials and methods: 171 volunteers (90 males, 81 females), 27 individuals aged 9-13, 44 individuals aged 14-18, 44 individuals aged 19-23 and 56 individuals in control group participated in the study conducted in otorhinolaryngology polyclinic.11 photometric, 16 anthropometric measurements were taken from the participants. Results: SD affects facial asymmetry formation, although not statistically significant compared to healthy individuals asymmetry rates (p>0.05). It was determined that the degree of SD affected asymmetry only between the ages of 14-18 (in adolescence) and the development of asymmetry in all SD patients was not statistically dependent on age and gender (p>0.05). Photometric measurements demonstrated asymmetries in horizontally-extending parameters of 1/3 middle part of face. There was no statistically significant difference in the cranial anthropometric measurements of the upper and lower 1/3 of the face compared to the control group (p>0.05). The order of the most asymmetrical parameters is Alare-Zygion, Alare-Subnasale, Cheilion-Gonion, Exocanthion-Cheilion, Midsagittal plane-Zygion, Zygion-Cheilion, Zygion-Gonion, Subalare-Cheilion, Glabella-Exocanthion. In all participants were determined that endomorph somatotype was dominant in female and mesomorph somatotype was dominant in male besides SD did not affect somatotype and somatotype did not alter with age. Conclusion: The development of facial asymmetry due to SD is not affected by age and gender furthermore SD does not affect craniofacial asymmetry and somatotype
Evaluation of balance with video head impulse test and vestibulospinal tests in patients with substance use disorder
No full textAim: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term complications of substance use on the vestibular system. Substance use disorders are thought to impair the vestibular apparatus as well as the auditory system.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-five cases with a history of non-alcohol drug addiction who survived the withdrawal phase and 22 healthy controls were included in the study. The cases were categorized into 2 different subgroups as those who had used only opioids ("opioid") and those who had used an opioid and chemical simultaneously or otherwise ("opioid &chemical"). Vestibulospinal tests and video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) were performed on all participants and the results were analyzed.
Results: A total of 65 (61 males/4 females, mean age was 25 ± 3.95 years) cases and 22 (males, mean age was 25 ± 3.3 years) healthy controls were included in the study. The mean age of the "opioid" group (n=33) was 25 ± 3.95 years, and the mean age of the "opioid & chemical" group (n=32) was 25 ± 3.13 years (p>0.05). When the cases and controls were evaluated according to vestibulospinal tests, a high level statistically significant difference was observed (p<0.001), but no significant difference was found according to vHIT.
Conclusion: This is the first study evaluating long-term vestibular functions with the vHIT test in patients with substance use disorder. Although the results suggest that there is no vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) involvement in the groups according to the vHIT, it has been revealed that substance use has negative effects on balance and walking
Demirel, Tanel, Türk Siyasetini Anlamak: Yaklaşımlar Hakkında Bir Deneme, Ankara: Liberte Yayınları, 2019, 274 s.
No full text[Abstract Not Available
La desfiguración [Entstellung] –un concepto desfundamental para la teoría y la práctica
No full textIndependientemente de la validez y fertilidad de las numerosas y variadas lecturas que se han hecho de Freud, estas, por regla general, tienen un alcance limitado, condicionado por la concepción de Freud como pensador de la representación [Vorstellung]. En este sentido, por muy acertadas que sean, no consiguen ser auténticas relecturas, permaneciendo dentro de un horizonte restringido de comprensión –que, en algunos casos, incluso puede ser incluso prefreudiano–, que no aprovecha plenamente el potencial de ruptura que alberga el texto freudiano. Proponemos que a estas interpretaciones se les opongan otras lecturas articuladas no desde la noción de representación, sino desde algo que es más que su mero reverso: la Entstellung, la desfiguración o dislocación. Este concepto, como ilustran las complejidades que implica su traducción, se centra en las reflexiones necesarias sobre el funcionamiento del lenguaje y de las lenguas como punto de partida para una reconsideración del alcance del discurso psicoanalítico
La pena y la cura. Servicios de salud mental en Italia después del cierre de los hospitales psiquiátricos judiciales
No full textEl artículo describe el proceso de reforma que tuvo lugar en Italia con el cierre de los seis hospitales psiquiátricos judiciales del país y su sustitución por pequeñas unidades forenses. El uso de los hospitales judiciales se regía por la exclusión de los juicios de las personas con enfermedades mentales graves que dificultaban el ejercicio de su capacidad, las cuales, si eran declaradas "socialmente peligrosas", eran sometidas a un sistema de "medidas de seguridad”. Este cambio significativo, que se llevó a cabo a través de los Ministerios de Salud y de Justicia, y de las Regiones, ocurrió en Italia entre 2011 y 2017, y se entiende como el paso final del proceso de reforma en la atención de la salud mental que comenzó en 1978 y culminó con el cierre completo de todos los hospitales psiquiátricos en 1999.Las nuevas pequeñas unidades forenses/judiciales, con un número limitado de camas para todo el país, se denominan REMS (Residencias para la Ejecución de Medidas de Seguridad). Están gestionadas por las Regiones y se basan en los principios de orientación terapéutica y de recuperación, respuesta transitoria y territorial, y responsabilidad de los servicios de salud mental de la comunidad para facilitar el alta. Las formas de aplicación de la ley en lo que respecta a las características de las REMS fueron diversas, por ejemplo, gestión pública o privada, número de camas, política de puertas abiertas, inclusión en los departamentos de salud mental con fines de prevención y provisión de alternativas por parte de los servicios comunitarios de salud mental. Experiencias significativas, como la de Trieste y la región de Friuli Venezia Giulia, interpretan esta reforma en función del papel que desempeñan los servicios públicos de salud mental en la prevención de delitos mediante una respuesta rápida y eficaz a las crisis, estableciendo vías de atención personalizadas y apoyando a sus pacientes dentro de la prisión y en el sistema judicial. Todavía existe un difícil equilibrio con el sistema judicial y penitenciario, que a menudo hace hincapié en el confinamiento y la función "de custodia" en las REMS como novedoso sustituto de los antiguos hospitales judiciales y ejerce una presión constante para ampliar el uso y la disponibilidad de sus camas en cuanto a las medidas de seguridad temporales, incluido el desvío de personas de las prisiones a las REMS.El riesgo de una reacción contra la reforma ha sido frenado recientemente por la Corte Constitucional, pero persiste un duro debate sobre el futuro de las REMS. Los cambios más radicales y coherentes, según los instrumentos internacionales para la protección de los derechos humanos, solo pueden realizarse con nuevos cambios legislativos, abandonando los conceptos de incapacidad y peligrosidad, que siguen siendo pilares del Código Penal. El artículo ofrece datos generales recientes, prácticas pioneras, observaciones críticas y termina con indicaciones para el cambio en las políticas y las prácticas
Aplicación del grupoanálisis en la práctica clínica comunitaria
No full textGroup analysis was born after a first experience of mutual analysis (T. Burrow) taken up by Foulkes as a group psychotherapeutic experience. It integrates sociological (Elias) and psychoanalytical (M. Klein, A. Freud, Jung) aspects, and more recently some elements of attachment theory (Bowlby, Marrone) and neuroscience (Golstein, Siegel). It is a model of thought that adjusts to various psychopathologies and care settings based on the analysis of the group carried out by all its members, professionals included. In this article some of the conceptual and clinical elements of a model introduced in Spain in 1976 by Campos and Guimón through training courses in the University of Deusto—OMIE Foundation are analyzed. It is a model that is used in various resources of the wide community network in which mental health is inserted, considering patients, families, and professionals as basic actors in an interpersonal network of mutual influences.El grupoanálisis nació tras una primera experiencia de análisis mutuo (T. Burrow) retomada por Foulkes como experiencia psicoterapéutica grupal. Integra aspectos sociológicos (Elias), psicoanalíticos (M. Klein, A. Freud, Jung), y más recientemente de la teoría del apego (Bowlby, Marrone) y las neurociencias (Golstein, Siegel). Es un modelo de pensamiento que se adapta a las diversas psicopatologías y encuadres asistenciales basado en el análisis de los componentes del grupo realizado por todos sus miembros, incluido el profesional. En este artículo se analizan algunos elementos conceptuales y clínicos que constituyen la estructura conceptual de un modelo introducido en España en 1976 (Campos, Guimón) mediante los cursos formativos de la Universidad de Deusto —Fundación OMIE. Es un modelo que se utiliza en diversos recursos de la amplia red comunitaria en la que se inserta la salud mental, considerando a pacientes, a sus familiares y a los profesionales como actores básicos de una red interpersonal de influencias mutuas