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Identifying barriers and creating solutions for LGBTQIA + friendly physical education: an autoethnographic study
No full textIn recent decades, research focused on LGBTQIA + discrimination in Physical Education has gained importance. This study had two objectives: (1) to explore the challenges and barriers that LGBTQIA + students experience in secondary school Physical Education, and (2) to identify strategies or proposals that could make Physical Education more LGBTQIA + friendly. In order to accomplish these objectives, we carried out an autoethnographic study. The data consisted of a personal narrative written by the first author and seven semi-structured interviews conducted with LGBTQIA + PE secondary school students – to gain insight about their life experiences-. The findings are structured around the five themes that emerged from the analysis: sport as a masculinized space, experiences of discrimination and hostility, the teacher’s role, the need for inclusive spaces and reflections about the visibility of homosexuality in education. Drawing on these findings, the paper offers a number of pedagogical implications for LGBTQIA + friendly Physical Education. To sum up, there is still a high level of discrimination against LGBTQ + students and it is necessary to address this situation of harassment in Physical Education
Effects of gender stereotypes on information processing and cognitive performance
No full textThis thesis investigates how gender stereotypes shape cognitive processes, focusing on two interrelated dimensions: the association between gender and social status, and the impact of gender-science stereotypes in STEM. Studies 1 and 2 examined how implicit associations linking men with high-status and women with low-status professions influence memory. Participants completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and a memory task with masculine and feminine forms of high- and low-status professions. Participants remembered feminine forms of high-status professions less accurately and produced fewer false recalls, while the opposite pattern emerged for masculine forms. Memory biases were correlated with IAT scores and strongest under incidental encoding. Study 3 examined how activating stereotypes about women’s lower math ability affected engineering students in a math task. Stereotype threat reduced women’s confidence and performance while enhancing men’s, particularly among those with stronger gender-science associations. Overall, the studies reveal the deep and persistent impact of gender stereotypes.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Application of Cold Sintering Process for All-Solid-State Batteries: Electrochemical and Microstructural Study of Composite Solid Electrolytes
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis doctoral thesis focuses on the production and characterization of lithium and sodium-based composite solid electrolytes, developed through a polymer-in-ceramic approach by employing the Cold Sintering Process, a novel and sustainable processing technique. Both the fabrication method and the resulting composite electrolytes are thoroughly characterized using ex-situ and operando galvanostatic and potentiostatic techniques, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of their potential application in next-generation All-Solid-State Batteries.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
Extremism, marginalization, and talibanization: an ethnographic analysis of culture and state narratives of the pashtun society of Pakistan
No full textDoctorat internacionalThe US troops’ withdrawal and the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul in 2021 led to the resurgence of extremist groups like ISIS Khurasan and Tehreek I Taliban Pakistan, expanding their bases in the Indigenous Pashtun-populated region of Pakistan along the Durand Line, a contested border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The region’s indigenous social structure is eroding due to militancy, religious intolerance, continuous militarization, and marginalization in the decision-making processes in the center of the post-colonial state. This qualitative research examines the growing culture of extremism and its contributing factors in this volatile region. The study is based on autoethnographic fieldwork and empirical evidence collected in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan from 2020 to 2024. It includes eight focus group discussions, 22 open-ended interviews, a research stay, and participation in communal and political activities related to the issue. The study showcases the current state of militarization and marginalization of the region by the military dominated center, religious indoctrination, and manipulation of extreme narratives by extremists in society. It investigates cases of mob violence related to blasphemy allegations, issues of mistrust between marginalized Pashtuns and the state, and an indigenously emerged nonviolent social movement, the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement, aka PTM, that seeks to protect ethnic Pashtuns’ equal rights. The primary investigation shows that the movement is oppressed by the state’s security agencies, which marginalize and mistreat the Pashtuns – highlighting a correlation between marginalization and extremism in society. The primary data indicate that over five decades of militarization of the region has significantly impacted the socio-political and indigenous cultural aspects of the population, and militants manipulate the society’s narratives of culture, religion, marginalization, and racial profiling by the state – resulting in a culture of intolerance – fueling extremism. Based on theories of social change, this research presents a blueprint for practitioners to implement resilient peace structures in volatile Indigenous populations.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Anatomía de un “sarampión travesti”. La categoría de transexualidad y las representaciones de mujeres trans en el discurso social de la Transición española
No full textDoctorat internacionalEl presente trabajo estudia la recepción de la categoría de transexualidad y las representaciones de mujeres trans en el discurso social de la Transición en español y catalán, un periodo en el que se dio una presencia masiva de estas identidades en lo que hemos calificado como el "sarampión travesti”. Desde la óptica de los estudios culturales y los estudios de género —más concretamente, los estudios trans—, nos centramos en analizar una serie de objetos culturales de carácter endógeno y exógeno que, entre 1976 y 1983, tematizaron la experiencia trans y en los que existe un diálogo explícito con la entonces “nueva” categoría médica. El trabajo concluye que su recepción en España se produjo en unas condiciones muy particulares, alejada generalmente de la institución médica en la que había nacido en otros contextos nacionales, lo que propició su transformación y, en consecuencia, una mayor ductilidad como término de identificación.This doctoral dissertation studies the reception of the category of transsexuality and the representations of trans women in the social discourse in Spanish and Catalan during the Transition period. This was a crucial time, as it marked the first mass presence of these identities in what we have termed the ‘sarampión travesti.’ From the perspective of cultural studies and gender studies –and more specifically, trans studies – it focuses on analysing a series of cultural objects -novels, films and newspapers-, both endogenous and exogenous, that between 1976 and 1983 addressed the trans experience in that period and explicitly engaged with the then “new” medical category. The thesis concludes that the reception of the medical category in Spain occurred under very particular conditions, generally removed from the medical institution where it had originated in other national contexts.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Breve informe sobre la encuesta ¿Qué pensamos sobre la ciencia abierta?
No full textEl presente documento recoge los principales hallazgos de la encuesta «¿Qué pensamos sobre la ciencia abierta?», promovida por el Vicerrectorado de Investigación de la Universitat Jaume I, realizada el 2024 sobre la percepción y práctica de la ciencia abierta en la Universitat Jaume I. Se enmarca dentro de los planes estratégicos de fomento de la ciencia abierta, alineados con el Plan ENCA-UJI 2023–2027 y los proyectos europeos CATALISI y EDUC-WIDE. Se recogieron 330 respuestas (33,8 % de participación) del personal docente e investigador
Perceived Stress, Well-Being, and Academic Performance of University Students During the First COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study of Portuguese, Spanish, and Brazilian Students
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected university students globally, exacerbating their already existing academic stress. This study investigates how the first COVID-19 lockdown (March–July 2020) differently impacted Portuguese, Spanish, and Brazilian university students’ perceived academic stress, personal well-being, academic engagement, and performance. Methods: An online survey collected responses from 1081 university students (78.17% female; Mage = 25.43 years, SD = 9.27). Qualitative data on academic stressors were analyzed using content analysis. Cross-country differences were assessed through chi-square analyses and ANOVAs. Hypotheses were tested with a mediation path analysis. Results: Emotional distress emerged as the most prevalent stressor (54%). The results evidence differences in how students from the three countries experienced their academic life during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Personal and academic well-being mediated stress’ effects on performance. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for context-tailored interventions and proactive measures to support students’ academic engagement in challenging contexts, informing educators and policymakers alike
Internal and external factors in the success of graduates with disabilities in higher education and employment: an international comparative study in Germany and Spain
No full textInitiatives in legislation and improved resources dedicated to inclusive education have contributed to an increase in the number of people with disabilities with higher education and
access to a profession in the primary market. However, people with disabilities often face
a lot of difculties and injustices before they can fnish their university career and obtain
a job according to their education, abilities, and wishes. This article presents an empirical, international, comparative study that analysed, from the perspective of 56 German and
Spanish graduates with disabilities belonging to 34 universities, which key factors promoted the successful completion of their studies and which factors facilitated their inclusion in the labour market. The research was qualitative through individual interviews with
graduates with disabilities. The results revealed many common aspects in the internal (selfknowledge, self-determination, autonomy, self-efcacy, and resilience) and external factors
(family, classmates, friends, disability services, and faculty members) that explain the academic success and labour market transition (work experience, accommodations, and awareness) of graduates with disabilities of both countries. However, these factors also revealed
some diferences between the two countries that serve as an impulse to mobilise cultural,
political, and practical change in higher education institutions, employers, and society in
general
An exploratory comparison analysis of smart city digital twin development protocols : open-source versus proprietary development pipelines
No full textTreball de Final de Màster Universitari Erasmus Mundus en Tecnologia Geoespacial (Pla de 2022). Codi: SJL042. Curs acadèmic 2024-2025United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) states cities intake 75 percent of the world’s energy and material flows and consumption (Hämäläinen, 2020). Urban areas are a thicket of man-made and environmental systems that intake, output, and change in response to external energy and material flows (Hämäläinen, 2020). Researchers have experiemented digitally conceptualizing and visualizing said urban systems via a large catelogue of technologies. One common technological conceptualization is a city-scale digital twin. A digital twin, a virtual representation of physical elements with an embedded two-way connection between both the physical and virtual worlds, is one response that daylights urban systems at work. City-scale digital twin creation has reached a tipping point, procedurally, as an explosion of low-code digital twin creation tools have become more accessible to a wide audience of technical and non-technical users. This exploratory evaluation measures two digital twin development protocols (one that uses predominately open-source tools and the other that uses predominately proprietary tools) by a common evaluation framework. Both of the evaluated digital twin development protocols rate highly within the evaluation framework by either demonstrating concretely or demonstrating potential completion of 18 out of the 23 evaluation criteria elements for the creation of comprehensive city-scale digital twins. With more time to process data, open source software meets the same, in some aspects visually more details digital twin products quality benchmarks as predominantly proprietary protocols. The case studies reference tourist sites within Aras de los Olmos, Spain
From the Ars magna to the generative artificial intelligence
No full textObjetivos: Con este artículo se pretende dar a conocer los elementos clave en la evolución de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en los últimos años, especialmente la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa. Así como la IA predictiva o discriminativa ha tenido un impacto notable en la Medicina en las últimas dos décadas, especialmente en el diagnóstico de patologías a partir de datos clínicos, la IA generativa nos conduce a nuevos retos y oportunidades en
numerosos campos como son el tratamiento personalizado, la prevención, la proacción, nuevas técnicas terapéuticas y, en general, la ampliación de los horizontes de la investigación clínica y biomédica.
Materiales y métodos: Para este trabajo hemos realizado un estudio bibliográfico y organizado el mismo en las principales ideas de aplicación de la IA generativa a la Medicina.
Resultados: El principal resultado de este estudio es un conjunto de aplicaciones potenciales de la IA generativa que se están iniciando en diversas áreas de Medicina y que pueden suponer un revolución de la misma a corto o medio plazo.
Conclusiones: La IA generativa ha supuesto un terremoto tecnológico en la denominada sociedad digital, dentro de la cual está inmersa la Medicina actual. Esta disrupción está empezando a ser digerida por todos los profesionales, ya que en un futuro próximo podría revolucionar toda la disciplina. No obstante, hay obstáculos muy importantes que superar,
principalmente los referentes a la calidad y precisión de estos sistemas, así como las barreras de privacidad y ética que deben ser respetadas por los nuevos sistemas de salud automatizados.Objectives: This article aims to present the key elements in the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years, especially Generative Artificial Intelligence. Just as predictive or discriminative AI has had a notable impact on medicine in the last two decades, especially in the diagnosis of pathologies based on clinical data, generative AI leads us to new challenges and opportunities in numerous fields such as personalised treatment,
prevention, proaction, new therapeutic techniques and, in general, the broadening of the horizons of clinical and biomedical research.
Materials and methods: For this work we have carried out a bibliographic study and organised it into the main ideas for the application of generative AI to medicine.
Results: The main outcome of this study is a set of potential applications of generative AI that are being initiated in various areas of medicine and that may lead to a revolution of AI in the short to medium term.
Conclusions: Generative AI has been a technological earthquake in the so-called digital society, within which current medicine is immersed. This disruption is beginning to be digested by all professionals, as it could revolutionise the entire discipline in the near future.
However, there are major hurdles to overcome, mainly those concerning the quality and accuracy of these systems, as well as the privacy and ethical barriers that must be respected by the new automated health systems