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Application of Naphthalenediimide Derivatives as Self-Assembled Electron Selective Contacts in CdSe@ZnS Quantum Dots LEDs
No full textDespite the successful application of self-assembled molecules (SAMs) as hole-selective contacts in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), examples of the use of electron-selective SAMs are scarce. Here, we investigate the potential of naphthalene diimide (NDI) as an efficient electron-selective contact in CdSe@ZnSbased LEDs. CdSe@ZnS quantum dots, due to their exceptional optical properties, have found a range of applications in optoelectronics. In particular, they have been widely studied in LEDs because of their stability, tunable and narrow emission, and high photoluminescence quantum yields. In this work, two SAMs based on NDI cores have been synthesized, incorporating different terminal groups to study their structure-device function relationship. SAM3 contains one carboxylic acid moiety and one long alkyl chain as its substituents, whereas in SAM12, both substituents are carboxylic acids. Both inverted (n-i-p) and regular (p-i-n) device configurations have been explored and analyzed and our results show that the substituents play an important role in controlling device characteristics. Therefore, the application of NDI derivatives as electron selective contacts have been demonstrated opening the door for further research into the underexplored field of electron selective SAMs in optoelectronic devices
Talento universitario y empresa: valoración de perfiles, contratación y futuro del empleo en España
No full textEl estudio “Talento Universitario y Empresa: valoración de perfiles, contratación y futuro del empleo en España”, publicado por McGraw-Hill España en colaboración con la CRUE Universidades Españolas, cuenta ya con su edición digital en PDF, que complementa la versión en papel difundida recientemente.
Impulsado por el Subgrupo de Observatorios del Grupo de Empleo de la Comisión de Asuntos Estudiantiles de la CRUE, esta obra reúne, en siete capítulos, la perspectiva de casi 7.000 empresas españolas sobre la formación, las competencias y los perfiles de los titulados universitarios, así como sobre la relación universidad-empresa, los procesos de selección de talento y las previsiones de contratación futura. El proyecto ha contado con la participación de más de 50 universidades públicas y privadas en un esfuerzo conjunto sin precedentes en España.
El informe se ha elaborado mediante una rigurosa metodología común y un sólido marco de colaboración interinstitucional, lo que permite disponer de una base empírica compartida para avanzar en la mejora de la empleabilidad, el diseño curricular y el fortalecimiento del vínculo entre universidad y empresa. La voluntad del equipo investigador ha sido garantizar un acceso abierto al estudio; con la presente edición digital se pretende facilitar su consulta y reforzar su utilidad como herramienta de análisis y apoyo en la toma de decisiones estratégicas en los ámbitos académico y empresarial. Asimismo, se invita a la comunidad universitaria y profesional a realizar aportaciones, con el fin de promover un diálogo continuo y constructivo en torno a la mejora de la empleabilidad y la calidad del sistema universitario
Marketing plan of Naria
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Administració d'Empreses. Codi: AE1049. Curs 2024/202
Appendix 1. Prompting ChatGPT-4o for gender-inclusive and exclusive language annotation: iterative prompt-response dataset
No full textThis appendix is part of the chapter "Prompting engineering for gender-inclusive semi-automated annotation of informed consent documents" in the book "Translation unveiled: bridging theory, practice, and specialised frontiers" (Comares, 2026)
Experimental evaluation of a two-stage cascade ultra-low temperature refrigeration system with internal heat exchanger using hydrocarbon pair R290/R170 and comparison with HFC baseline
No full textTraditional vapor-compression systems face significant operational challenges below −50 °C, at ultra-low temperatures, and are currently excluded from F-gas Regulation. Also, there is a lack of experimental studies in the field, which has caused the currently used systems to be highly inefficient and use greenhouse gases as refrigerants, such as R23. For this reason, this article experimentally analyzes a two-stage cascade vapor compression cycle with internal heat exchangers operating at ultra-low evaporation temperatures (−50 °C and −60 °C). The natural refrigerant pair based on hydrocarbons R290/R170 (high and low-temperature stage, respectively) is compared with the refrigerant pair based on hydrofluorocarbons R404A/R23, traditionally used in ultra-low temperature refrigeration. The refrigerant pair R448A/R170 has been tested as a transitional alternative during the refrigerant replacement. A custom-designed flexible experimental test bench was constructed to measure each refrigerant pair's operation. The main operational parameters in steady-state tests have been measured at the condensation temperatures of 25 °C, 28 °C, and 31 °C and evaporation temperatures of −50 °C and −60 °C. The experimental results show that the refrigerant pair R290/R170 offered the highest COP (0.95), compressor volumetric efficiency, and lowest discharge temperature. The refrigerant pair R448A/R170 offered an intermediate energy performance, but much closer to the refrigerant pair R404A/R23 than R290/R170. Due to its higher energy efficiency and lower global warming potential, a total equivalent warming impact analysis quantified the CO2 equivalent emission reduction by 50 % when changing from R404A/R23 to R290/R170. Consequently, natural refrigerants must be prioritized as the study demonstrates that they are the best option from a comprehensive analysis.This scientific publication is part of the R + D + i project PID2020-117865RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and UJI-A2022-03, funded by Universitat Jaume I. Cosmin Mihai Udroiu acknowledges grant PRE2021-097369 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE+. Pau Giménez-Prades acknowledges the CIACIF/2021/182 grant, funded by the Generalitat Valenciana (GV) and the European Social Fund (ESF).Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume
Personality and Intimate Partner Violence: A Gender-Based Systematic Review Using the Big Five Model
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs: 2024/2025El presente trabajo examinó la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad del modelo de
los Cinco Grandes (Big Five/Cinco Factores) y la violencia en las relaciones de pareja
(VRP), con un enfoque diferencial por género. A través de una revisión sistemática basada
en el método PRISMA, se analizaron cinco estudios empíricos publicados entre 2005 y
2025, centrados en el papel de las dimensiones de personalidad en la perpetración de
violencia física, psicológica y sexual. Se plantearon tres hipótesis: (H1) niveles elevados
de neuroticismo y bajos niveles de amabilidad y responsabilidad predecirán una mayor
implicación en conductas violentas en ambos géneros; (H2) el impacto de estos rasgos
sería más pronunciado en los hombres; (H3) En mujeres, la combinación del alto
neuroticismo con la baja amabilidad y responsabilidad se relacionaría con la agresión en
la pareja. Los resultados respaldaron parcialmente las hipótesis. El neuroticismo fue el
predictor más consistente en hombres, especialmente bajo condiciones de estrés o con
escasas habilidades para resolver conflictos. En mujeres, también se asoció con conductas
violentas, aunque con menor dependencia de factores contextuales. La baja amabilidad
se vinculó más claramente con la violencia ejercida por mujeres, especialmente de tipo
psicológico y físico leve. La baja responsabilidad predijo conductas agresivas en mujeres,
mientras que en hombres su efecto fue menos definido. Estos hallazgos resaltan la
importancia de considerar el género en el análisis de la personalidad como factor de
riesgo. Aunque los artículos revisados incluyen diseños longitudinales y métodos mixtos
que aportan evidencia sólida, una limitación común es el uso de test autoinformados en
muestras homogéneas, lo que puede introducir sesgos de deseabilidad social y limitar la
generalización de los resultados.This study examined the relationship between personality traits from the Big Five model
(Five-Factor Model) and intimate partner violence (IPV) using a gender-differentiated
approach. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, analyzing
five empirical studies published between 2005 and 2025 that focused on the role of broad
personality traits in the perpetration of physical, psychological, and sexual violence.
Three hypotheses were proposed: (H1) High levels of neuroticism and low levels of
agreeableness and conscientiousness would be associated with increased perpetration of
IPV in both genders; (H2) the influence of these traits would be more pronounced in men;
and (H3) in women, the combination of high neuroticism and low agreeableness and
conscientiousness would be associated with IPV. The findings partially supported the
hypotheses. Neuroticism emerged as the most consistent predictor in men, particularly
under stress or in the presence of poor conflict-resolution skills. In women, neuroticism
was also linked to violent behavior, though it appeared less sensitive to contextual factors.
Low agreeableness was more clearly associated with IPV perpetrated by women,
particularly psychological and minor physical aggression. Low conscientiousness
predicted aggressive behavior in women, whereas its role in men was less defined. These
findings underscore the importance of considering gender when analyzing personality as a risk factor for IPV. While the reviewed studies employed longitudinal designs and
mixed methods that offer robust evidence, a common limitation was the reliance on self report instruments administered to homogeneous samples, which may introduce social
desirability bias and limit the generalizability of the results
Marketing plan of Spotify
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Administració d'Empreses. Codi: AE1049. Curs 2024/2025Spotify is currently the world's leading audio streaming platform, with over 615 million monthly active users and over 239 million premium subscribers globally as of Q1 2025
(Stacy, 2025). Founded in 2006 in Sweden, the company has developed a freemium business model, combining free access with advertising and paid subscription with exclusive
features such as offline listening, enhanced sound quality and no ads.
This marketing plan focuses on strengthening Spotify's positioning in the Spanish market, one of the most important in Europe due to its high rate of digital penetration and its cultural link to music consumption. Strategic analyses of the external environment (PESTEL model, competitor analysis) and internal environment (value chain, SWOT analysis) have been carried out, concluding that Spotify has a clear competitive advantage based on differentiation, thanks to its AI-based personalisation, its multiplatform interface and its capacity for cultural connection at a local level.
In terms of competitive strategy, Spotify has opted for a strategy of reinforced leadership in the Spanish market, taking advantage of its dominant position over competitors such as Apple Music, Amazon Music and YouTube Music. In turn, in terms of growth, it adopts market penetration and product development strategies (Ansoff matrix), prioritising the
personalisation of local content and the loyalty of premium users.Based on the diagnosis, six SMART objectives have been defined, including increasing the number of premium subscribers, improving engagement with social functionalities such as Wrapped or Blend, strengthening local content and improving integration with smart devices.
To achieve these goals, 11 specific actions have been proposed, structured around the variables of the marketing mix (product, price, distribution and communication), with an
execution schedule, detailed budget and a control system to evaluate compliance.
This plan proposes a comprehensive approach that combines innovation, cultural adaptation and customer orientation, with the aim of consolidating Spotify's leadership in Spain and enhancing its perceived value to new user segments
Salud mental y cooperación al desarrollo, una visión profesional
No full textTreball Final de Màster Universitari en Cooperació al Desenvolupament (Pla de 2015) (A distància). Codi: SRP531. Curs acadèmic: 2024-2025La salud mental se ha consolidado como uno de los principales desafíos globales para la cooperación internacional en el ámbito del desarrollo. Factores estructurales como la precariedad laboral, los conflictos armados, el desplazamiento forzoso, la exclusión social o la falta de acceso a servicios básicos inciden directamente en el bienestar psicológico de millones de personas. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), una de cada ocho personas en el mundo vive con un trastorno mental, siendo la depresión y la ansiedad las más comunes. Esta realidad exige respuestas integrales desde la salud global y la cooperación internacional, alineadas con la Agenda 2030 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS).
En este marco, las asociaciones de salud mental, como la Asociación Salud Mental Palencia, ofrecen modelos de intervención comunitaria con alto valor replicable. Su trabajo en zonas rurales y despobladas de España, a través de programas como empleo, viviendas de vida independiente, atención psicosocial, acompañamiento integral o sensibilización, constituye una experiencia valiosa para contextos de cooperación en países con sistemas de atención fragmentados o en proceso de desinstitucionalización. Estas entidades, surgidas del movimiento asociativo, desarrollan un enfoque basado en derechos humanos, empoderamiento y participación, en línea con las directrices de la cooperación internacional promovida por la AECID, la UE y organismos multilaterales. Su actuación contribuye directamente a los ODS 3 (Salud y bienestar), ODS 10 (Reducción de las desigualdades) y ODS 17 (Alianzas), demostrando que las soluciones locales pueden generar aprendizajes útiles a escala global. Incluir la salud mental en las agendas de cooperación no solo es urgente, sino imprescindible para avanzar hacia un desarrollo verdaderamente inclusivo y sostenibl
The development of a new multimodal genre for corporate communication: the case of video CEO statements
No full textThe digitization of the world is continuously developing, with corporate genres migrating to the web. Annual Corporate Reports (ACR) now appear in digital formats ranging from static PDFs to interactive websites. This shift significantly impacts report narratives, which are often enhanced by corporate videos, as they represent a versatile communication tool. This is particularly relevant for students, who are naturally digitally literate and accustomed to visual and auditory content. Our study has two objectives. From a research perspective, we aim to identify key multimodal features of Video CEO Statements (VCS). From a pedagogical standpoint, we will demonstrate how these videos enhance students' multimodal literacy within corporate digital genres. This, in turn, could improve essential business communication skills, including leadership, audience engagement, and digital communication strategies, thus equipping students with competencies that are vital for today’s corporate landscape.La digitalización en el mundo actual estáen evolución constante, con la migración de géneros corporativos a la web. Lasmemoriasanuales aparecen ahora en formatos digitales, desde PDF estáticos hasta sitios web interactivos. Este cambio afecta significativamente a la narrativa de dichas memorias, a menudo enriquecida con vídeos corporativos, una herramienta de comunicación versátil. Esto es especialmente relevante para los estudiantes, que por naturaleza están alfabetizados digitalmente y acostumbrados a contenidos visuales y auditivos. Nuestro estudio tiene dos objetivos. Desde el punto de vista de la investigación, pretendemos identificar las características multimodales clave de los videos que complementan las declaraciones escritas de los directores generales. Desde el punto de vista pedagógico, demostraremos cómo estos vídeos mejoran la alfabetización multimodal de los estudiantes dentro de los géneros digitales corporativos. Esto, a su vez, podría mejorar las habilidades esenciales decomunicación empresarial, incluido el liderazgo, la participación y compromiso de la audiencia
Examining L2 Learners’ Pragmatic Development of Refusal Strategies: The Impact of Audiovisual Instruction
No full textThis chapter examines the efficacy of a discursive proposal for teaching refusals through using audiovisual material. Undergraduate EFL learners received a pragmatic treatment on refusals which integrated pre-, while- and post-watching video activities based on TV series excerpts. In particular, the instructional design aimed to achieve the following objectives: (1) exposing learners to diverse refusal sequences, (2) facilitating meaningful practice and collaborative construction of refusals, (3) fostering metapragmatic discussion on forms and norms for refusing, and (4) empowering learners to exercise agency in their communicative choices. The findings revealed significant differences in the use of refusal strategies between the experimental group, which received the treatment, and the control group, thereby highlighting notable advantages for the experimental group. Particularly significant was the observed increase in the production of contextually appropriate refusals by participants, demonstrating a clear adaptation of responses to the social status and interpersonal distance of the requester. Furthermore, participants in the experimental group exhibited heightened and diversified usage of both refusal strategies and their accompanying adjuncts. This led to significant pragmatic enhancements, including the ability to provide contextually relevant justifications, adopt a more empathetic stance, and develop greater proficiency in negotiation and flexibility skills. These findings underscore the efficacy of integrating audiovisual materials within the pedagogical framework of pragmatics, offering valuable insights into enhancing EFL learners’ communicative competence