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Under the Sign of Trauma: An Analysis of William Faulkner’s 1929-1932 Novels
No full textDoctorat internacionalThis dissertation explores the dimensions of trauma in William Faulkner’s most experimental body of work written between 1929 and 1932. Interrogating trauma as a thematic concern and a formal strategy, I devise a tripartite structure to synchronically analyze its psychological, social, and aesthetic manifestations in the novelist's major novels. Specifically, this interdisciplinary analysis foregrounds the psychological expressions of suffering in Faulkner’s protagonists; situates individual distress within institutional frameworks; and locates the novelist’s strategies close to the formal mechanisms structuring traumatization. In its conclusions, this project identifies a poetics of trauma in Faulkner’s fiction. My reading brings into focus the author’s psychological intuition and considers new motivations behind his formal experimentation. Ultimately, by approaching trauma as both a clinical and formal entity, I establish a continuum between polarized views of trauma as either a biological reality or an aesthetic construct.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Revisiting school days : retrospective experiences of ableism among autistic women and gender dissident individuals with late diagnosis
No full textUnderstanding how ableism manifests, particularly within the autistic community through the lens of gender-disability intersectionality, is crucial for improving educational practices. This study sought to explore the experiences of five Spanish autistic women and gender-dissident individuals with late diagnoses through qualitative, respectful, semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis, and three main themes were constructed: (1) Internalizing the Label: From Attitudes to Practice—detailing what happened and how participants felt in response to the ableist attitudes and practices of peers and teachers; (2) The Schoolyard as Society’s Mirror—showcasing how broader societal tendencies are mirrored in school interactions; and (3) Invisibility of Needs, Invisibility of Identity—highlighting how participants felt different and went unnoticed by educational agents, which deeply impacted their sense of identity. Participants’ experiences of exclusion and stigma highlight the urgent need for more inclusive school environments that value diversity and actively support all students
A multimodal rhetorical analysis of the video resume as a professional digital genre: developing students’ multimodal communicative competence
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis thesis deals with the concept of the Video Resume (henceforth VR), as a digital recruitment tool in business settings. The compendium of articles presented in this research includes the entire process of a genre analysis in order to validate the VR as a professional digital genre. In particular, it undertakes a Multimodal Discourse Analysis with a specific focus on the development of students’ multimodal communicative competence. Furthermore, it delves into the complex ways in which rhetorical and persuasive strategies as well as different modes of communication contribute to the construction of meaning employed in videos, used to enhance the communicative aim of the VR. The findings, discussion, and conclusions hold implications for both academic and pedagogical practice, offering insights into the evolving landscape of professional communication in the digital age.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Gestión del Cuidado en Chile: tendencia de indicadores sensibles a enfermería y perspectivas gerenciales
No full textCompendi d'articlesLa gestión del cuidado reconoce la autonomía de la enfermera en Chile. Objetivo: Estudiar la gestión del cuidado en la estructura hospitalaria chilena a través de la tendencia de indicadores sensibles a enfermería y de las perspectivas gerenciales de enfermeras. Se realizaron tres investigaciones cuantitativas sobre infecciones urinarias, torrente sanguíneo y lesiones por presión, analizando series temporales (2001-2019) en todas las regiones del país. Los datos provinieron de egresos hospitalarios. Se realiza análisis descriptivo, bivariante y modelos de regresión Prais-Winsten calculando el cambio porcentual anual. Paralelamente, se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa con enfermeras gerentes, aún en evaluación. El análisis cuantitativo muestra un aumento sostenido y significativo en los tres indicadores a lo largo del tiempo. Desde lo cualitativo, surgieron seis subcategorías que abordan los desafíos, procesos reflexivos y riesgos de la gestión del cuidado. Los resultados son preocupantes, se evidencia la necesidad de consolidar el cuidado mediante indicadores y estandarizaciónCare management in Chile, recognized since 1997, gave nurses a strategic role in the hospital structure, especially after the Health Reform of 2000. This thesis analyzed its influence through four studies. The first one evaluated the trend of catheter-associated urinary tract infections, showing an annual increase of 2%. The second examined bloodstream infections linked to central venous catheters, identifying a significant increasing trend at the national level. The third studied the prevalence of pressure ulcers, finding a year-on-year increase of 11.33%. Finally, the fourth, of a qualitative nature, explored the perceptions of nurse managers, highlighting challenges, risks and the need for standardization. Overall, the findings show a sustained increase in nursing-sensitive indicators, which demonstrates the importance of consolidating tools that strengthen the professional role and give greater visibility to care management in the hospital structure.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Infermeri
Novel neutral and ionic metal-organic frameworks for sustainable catalytic processes
No full textThis thesis explores new strategies for designing and enhancing the chemical reactivity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to convert waste into valuable chemical products. MOFs were synthesized in combination with 3D-printed polymers and ionic liquids, forming composite materials with improved catalytic performance due to the high dispersion of active sites. Functionalization was achieved by anchoring amino acids to the MOFs, creating multifunctional materials under mild, environmentally friendly conditions using non-toxic, abundant metals and bio-based ligands. Various synthesis methods based on classical, solvent-assisted, and rapid green, onepot approaches were used to develop and characterize these materials. The resulting MOFs were effective in reactions relevant to waste valorization, such as CO₂ fixation and carbonyl activation, operating under mild conditions without additives. The materials demonstrated superior activity, stability, and reusability, aligning with principles of green and circular chemistry, and contributing to the development of advanced heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable chemical processes.Programa de Doctorat en Química Sostenibl
El dilema accional. La decisión y la renuncia en el videojuego
No full textDoctorat internacionalEsta tesis ahonda en los dilemas morales en el videojuego para detectar cómo el sistema fuerza a un jugador comprometido con la ludoficción a tomar decisiones, pero también a experimentar las consecuencias y la renuncia. Partimos de la hipótesis de que el dilema en el videojuego tiene un valor adicional frente a otros medios por su capacidad interactiva, inmersiva y participativa, que permite empujar al jugador hacia un estado de reflexión y obligarlo a experimentar los resultados de sus acciones e inacciones dentro de un mundo ludoficcional. Establecemos dos objetivos principales que consisten en proponer una definición del dilema accional y proporcionar un modelo de análisis del dilema en el videojuego. En los resultados observamos que el dilema accional surge no solo de la acción de decidir, sino también cuando el jugador es forzado a participar alrededor de cuestiones éticas difíciles o irresolubles.This doctoral thesis explores moral dilemmas in video games to detect how the system forces players committed to the game to make decisions, but also to experience the consequences and relinquishment. We start from the hypothesis that the dilemma in video games has an additional value compared to other media due to its interactive, immersive and participative capacity, which allows pushing players towards a state of reflection and forcing them to experience the results of their actions and inactions within a ludofictional world. We have established two main objectives, which consist of proposing a definition of the action dilemma and providing a model of analysis of the action dilemma in video games. In the results we observe that the actional dilemma arises not only from the action of deciding, but also when players are forced to participate around difficult or irresolvable ethical issues.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Comunicaci
Effects of SDS Surfactant on Oxygen Transfer in a Fine-Bubble Diffuser Aeration Column
No full textAeration is one of the most energy-intensive operations in wastewater treatment plants, with its efficiency strongly affected by the presence of surfactants. This study investigates the impact of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) on oxygen mass transfer using a commercial fine-bubble diffuser. Oxygen transfer experiments were performed under varying air flow rates and SDS concentrations. Key parameters, including the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (), gas holdup, bubble size, and interfacial area, were experimentally measured and analysed. SDS reduces the average bubble diameter by up to 50%; above 4 mg/L, further increases in concentration do not change the bubble size. Gas holdup increases by approximately 2% per mg L−1 of SDS, and a new empirical correlation was proposed to predict gas holdup as a function of air flow rate and surfactant concentration, achieving an R2 of 0.97 with deviations below 10%. Despite the increase in interfacial area, SDS strongly suppresses interfacial turbulence, reducing the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient () by up to 70%, which ultimately leads to a significant loss of overall oxygen transfer efficiency. The Sardeing model, originally developed for single bubbles, successfully predicted within ±15% of the experimental values, demonstrating its potential as a practical tool for estimating oxygen transfer in aeration systems. These findings highlight the substantial impact of surfactants on fine-bubble aeration performance and underscore the need to account for their effects in the design and operation of industrial aeration systems
Vulnerability to anergia in rodents: individual differences, genetic dopamine depletion and the role of the cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor
No full textDoctorat internacionalMotivated behavior is characterized by a high degree of activity, vigor, or persistence. Nucleus Accumbens (NAcb) dopamine (DA) plays an important role in behavioral activation and effort-related decision-making. Anergia, fatigue, psychomotor slowing and effort-related choices is a dysfunctional motivational set of symptoms that appears in patients with major depressive disorders, Parkinson’s disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The study of individual differences in vulnerability to these symptoms is of key importance to establish therapeutic procedures and preventive strategies, as well as to study the role of the cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) as a marker of neuroprotection in behavioral and effort-related decision making. We have employed different animal models, and different behavioral paradigms of effort-related decision-making with translational potential to characterize these symptoms. In conclusion, as a translational outcome of the current thesis is that could help to understand the vulnerability to surfer anergia or fatigue in different types of subjects.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi
Impacto de la divulgación sobre sostenibilidad en la dimensión medioambiental en los informes no financieros de las empresas europeas que utilizan la metodología GRI para su elaboración y publicación
No full textEsta tesis investiga el impacto de la divulgación ambiental en los informes no financieros de empresas europeas que utilizan la metodología GRI para su elaboración, centrándose en el tono narrativo y el nivel de divulgación en relación con los riesgos ambientales, en cumplimiento con la Directiva 2014/95/UE. Para ello, se han analizado informes no financieros de empresas de sectores contaminantes (químico, energético y servicios eléctricos) para el año 2018. Utilizando el análisis computacional DICTION y el Índice de Divulgación Ambiental (IDA), se encontró que las empresas divulgan estrictamente lo requerido, en un tono neutral y baja certeza. Esta ambigüedad dificulta evaluar el desempeño ambiental y cuestiona la transparencia. Solo se observó una relación significativa y positiva entre el nivel de divulgación y el riesgo de operaciones. La investigación resalta la necesidad de normativas más exigentes para promover la sostenibilidad y la transparencia.This dissertation examines the impact of environmental disclosure in the non-financial reports of European companies that adhere to the GRI methodology, focusing on the narrative tone and disclosure level in relation to environmental risks, in compliance with Directive 2014/95/EU. To achieve this, non-financial reports from companies in pollutant-intensive sectors (chemical, energy, and electric utilities) for the year 2018 were analyzed. Using the DICTION computational analysis and the Environmental Disclosure Index (IDA), the findings indicate that companies disclose only what is strictly required, adopting a neutral tone with low certainty. This ambiguity hinders the assessment of environmental performance and raises concerns about transparency. A significant and positive relationship was found only between disclosure levels and operational risk. The study underscores the need for stricter regulatory frameworks to foster sustainability and transparency.Programa de Doctorat en Economia i Empres
A Comprehensive Approach to Language-Related Episodes (LREs) in English-Medium Instruction: Typology, Multimodal Nature, and Lecturers’ Beliefs
No full textDoctorat internacionalThis study explores the use of Language-Related Episodes (LREs) in English-Medium Instruction (EMI) settings: spontaneous moments when attention shifts from content to language. Through a case study of two lecturers in Mechanical Engineering and Business Management at a Spanish university, it draws on audiovisual recordings and interview data. The study explores the LREs’ typologies, multimodal features, and the lecturers’ beliefs on their practices. Findings indicate that LREs are scarce and call for new categories in the classification of LREs, emphasizing their collaborative and context-specific nature. A multimodal lens highlights the significant role of gestures, gaze, and visuals in reinforcing meaning, while lecturers, however, showed partial awareness of their use of multimodality. The study highlights LREs’ potential to address language barriers, improve communication, and support students’ academic and linguistic development in EMI contexts, and thus, advocates for integrating LRE into EMI teacher training to foster alignment between language and content.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci