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La evolución del decomiso: ¿hacia un sistema de extinción de dominio?
No full textEl decomiso, históricamente relegado a un papel secundario, ha evolucionado hasta convertirse en un instrumento clave en la estrategia político‐criminal contra la delincuencia, especialmente la económica. Su regulación ha experimentado una progresiva expansión, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, con el objetivo de impedir que el delito resulte rentable. En España, distintas reformas legales han ampliado su alcance, generando un intenso debate sobre su naturaleza jurídica y sus límites constitucionales. Este estudio examina su evolución histórica y su configuración actual, con especial atención al decomiso ampliado, para determinar si este desarrollo normativo y jurisprudencial tiende hacia modelos autónomos como el de extinción de dominio.
Forfeiture, historically relegated to a secondary role, has evolved into a key instrument in the political‐criminal strategy against crime, particularly economic crime. Its regulation has undergone a progressive expansion at both national and international levels, aiming to prevent crime from being profitable. In Spain, legislative reforms have broadened its scope, sparking intense debate regarding its legal nature and constitutional limits. This study examines its historical evolution and current legal framework, with a particular focus on extended forfeiture, to determine whether its normative and jurisprudential development tends toward autonomous models such as «extinción de dominio
Dual Interface Modification for Reduced Nonradiative Recombination in n–i–p Methylammonium-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
No full textHigh defect concentrations at the interfaces are the basis of charge extraction losses and instability in perovskite solar cells. Surface engineering with organic cations is a common practice to solve this issue. However, the full implications of the counteranions of these cations for device functioning are often neglected. In this work, we used 4-fluorophenethylammonium cation with varying halide counteranions for the modification of both interfaces in methylammonium-free Pb-based n–i–p devices, observing significant differences among iodide, bromide, and chloride. The cation treatment of the buried and top interfaces resulted in improved surface quality of the perovskite films and largely improved carrier dynamics with reduced nonradiative recombination. Consequently, the optimal interface-modified methylammonium-free perovskite solar cells surpassed 20% efficiency and demonstrated remarkable operational stability. Our findings underscore the potential of comprehensive surface engineering strategies in advancing the perovskite film and device quality, thereby facilitating their broader and more successful applications.S.H.T.-C. gratefully acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under Ayudas Ramón y Cajal (RYC2022-035578-I) and POLONEZ BIS Project No. 2021/43/P/ST5/01780 cofunded by the National Science Centre and the EU’s H2020 research and innovation programme under the MSCA 945339 for the financial support during this work. J.J.R.-P. acknowledges the CONAHCyT Mexico for PHD scholarship. J.P. acknowledges support from Energy for future – E4F Postdoctoral fellowship program H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2020 (101034297). J.R.-P. acknowledge the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic for supporting CEMNAT (LM2023037) infrastructure for providing XPS access. E.M.B. acknowledges project EPCESBI–UJI-B2022-08. This work was partially supported by the project “Step-Up” TED2021-131600B-C31, funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union “NextGeneration EU/PRTR.
Non-integer tangential singular beams in the near field: Collinear phase-shifting holography for topological charge determination
No full textWe introduce tangential singular beams with non-integer or fractional topological charge (TC), which have not yet been studied. These beams are constructed by modulating the spatial phase by a piecewise tangent function. The TC can be controlled by the periodicity parameter and the parameter that limits the range of the function allowing to achieve non-integer phase jumps. We study the effect on their amplitude profiles and TC using numerical simulations. Our results are supported by an experimental implementation using the collinear phase-shifting digital holography technique. By means of experimental phase reconstruction, we calculate the TC of these new beams in the near field
Un debate patrimonial sobre las dádivas históricas: la Colección Finlandia
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Història i Patrimoni (Pla de 2015). Codi: HP1536. Curs acadèmic: 2024/2025La Colección Filandia, también conocida como Tesoro de los Quimbaya, es un conjunto de 122 piezas de oro y cerámica actualmente expuestas en el Museo de América de Madrid, España. Dicha colección fue encontrada en 1890 en la región de Filandia, Quindío, Colombia. Pocos años más tarde, el Gobierno de Colombia la compra en el contexto de las celebraciones del IV Centenario del descubrimiento de América en 1892, con el fin de exhibirlas en las exposiciones de Madrid y Chicago. En 1893 la Colección fue donada por el Gobierno colombiano como dádiva a la Reina Regente de España,
Maria Cristina de Habsburgo, en agradecimiento por su actuación en el Laudo Arbitral de 1891 entre Colombia y Venezuela. Esta Colección paso seguidamente a ser custodiada por el Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid como parte del Patrimonio Nacional español. En 1945, con la fundación del Museo de América en Madrid, las piezas fueron trasladas a sus instalaciones, donde residen en la actualidad. En mayo de 2024 la Colección Filandia fue reclamada por el Gobierno de Colombia al español, saltando al foco mediático. En este trabajo se pretende analizar, desde la perspectiva histórica, el
proceso de donación y la cuestión patrimonial que acaece a finales del siglo XIX. Asimismo, desentrañar el panorama actual para ver el uso político que se le da a la Historia.
The Filandia Collection, also known as the Quimbaya Treasure, is a set of 122 gold and ceramic artifacts currently exhibited at the Museo de América in Madrid, Spain. This collection was found in 1890 in the region of Filandia, Quindío, Colombia. A few years later, the Colombian government purchased it in the context of the celebrations of the Fourth Centeary of the Discovery of America in 1892, with the purpose of exhibiting it at the expostions in Madrid and Chicago. In 1893, the collection was donated by the Colombian government as a gift to the Queen Regent of Spain, Maria Christina of Habsburg, in gratitude for her role in the 1891 Arbitration Award between Colombia and Venezuela. The collection subsequently came under the custody of the National Archaeological Museum of Madrid as part of Spain’s national heritage. Later on, in 1945, with the founding of the Museum of the Americas in Madrid, the pieces were transferred there, where they remain to this day. In May 2024, the Filandia Collection was requested by the Colombian government for repatriation from Spain, bringing the issue into the media spotlight. This paper aims to analyze, from a historical perspective, the donation
process and the heritage-related issues that arose in the late 19th century. It also seeks to unravel the current situation to examine the political use of history today
Cryptocurrencies and their influence on the global financial system
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Administració d'Empreses. Codi: AE1049. Curs 2024/202
EMI and professional teacher identity: a case study in the field of Economics
No full textThis study investigates how EMI teachers in Economics perceive English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) and its impact on their professional identity. Previous research on EMI and teacher identity indicates that teachers’ participation in EMI programmes enhances their methodological teaching practices as well as their role as foreign language; (FL) users in a multilingual and multicultural context. However, findings regarding teachers’ self-perceived professional identity vary. While some studies suggest that EMI influences teacher identity, others present contrasting results. This paper explores how EMI instruction affects teachers’ self-perceived professional identity in the field of Economics. Teachers’ perceptions of their own authority, expertise, and identity are examined through qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and two card-sorting activities. Results reveal distinct profiles regarding teachers’ professional identity and their perceptions and experiences with EMI. Although the study is conducted at a single university, it offers insights into the pedagogical implications and challenges associated with EMI teaching on teacher identity
Evolución de los marcadores clínicos y analíticos de síndrome metabólico en pacientes con psoriasis tratados con risankizumab
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Medicina (Pla de 2017). Codi: MD1758. Curs acadèmic: 2024/2025Resumen
La psoriasis es una enfermedad sistémica crónica que afecta principalmente a la piel y
crea un estado proinflamatorio que se asocia con un alto riesgo cardiovascular y síndrome
metabólico. El risankizumab, un anti- IL23, es un nuevo fármaco con eficacia altamente
demostrada para el control de la psoriasis, pero cuyos efectos sobre el metabolismo
todavía son inciertos.
Objetivo: El objetivo principal es estudiar la variación de los marcadores de síndrome
metabólico en pacientes con psoriasis durante el tratamiento con risankizumab. Los
objetivos secundarios son analizar las diferencias en los marcadores de inflamación
sistémica MHR y TyG a lo largo del tratamiento y valorar si la toma de diferentes
fármacos previos para la psoriasis puede condicionar la evolución de las variables.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, retrospectivo y observacional en pacientes con
psoriasis tratados con risankizumab. Se recogen los valores clínicos y analíticos de 64
pacientes en diferentes momentos (pretratamiento, 6 meses, 1, 2 y 3 años). Con estos
datos se realizaron análisis estadísticos de medidas repetidas, comparaciones por pares y
análisis multivariables.
Resultados: Se demostró que no hubo cambios significativos en la mayoría de las
variables excepto en la tensión arterial sistólica, el HDL y el MHR. Tampoco los fármacos
tomados previamente afectaron a la evolución de las variables.
Conclusiones: El risankizumab tiene un efecto neutro sobre los marcadores de síndrome
metabólico y de inflamación sistémica, excepto sobre la tensión arterial sistólica que sufre
un descenso significativo tras un año de tratamiento.Psoriasis is a chronic systemic disease that primarily affects the skin and creates a proinflammatory state associated with a high cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome.
Risankizumab, an anti-IL23, is a new drug with highly demonstrated efficacy for the
control of psoriasis, but its effects on metabolism remain uncertain.
Objective: The main objective is to study the variation of metabolic syndrome markers in
psoriasis patients during treatment with risankizumab. Secondary objectives are to
analyze the differences in systemic inflammation markers MHR and TyG throughout the
treatment and assess whether the use of different previous drugs for psoriasis affects the
evolution of the variables.
Methods: An analytical, retrospective observational study was conducted on psoriasis
patients treated with risankizumab. Clinical and analytical data from 64 patients were
collected at different time points (pre-treatment, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years).
Statistical analyses of repeated measures, pairwise comparisons, and multivariate
analyses were performed.
Results: It was demonstrated that there were no significant changes in most variables
except for systolic blood pressure, HDL, and MHR. Previous drug treatments did not
affect the evolution of the variables either.
Conclusions: Risankizumab has a neutral effect on metabolic syndrome markers and
systemic inflammation, except for systolic blood pressure, wich shows a significant
decrease after one year of treatment
Optimization of process variables for industrially scalable encapsulation of salicylic acid in an environmentally friendly setting
No full textEncapsulated phytohormones are gaining attention as a novel palliative treatment for plants to cope with environmental stress. Exogenous treatments using encapsulated salicylic acid (SA) promote plant stress tolerance while enabling normal growth and development. Several methods exist to produce encapsulated active molecules, and recently, spray drying has emerged as a particularly appealing process for formulating these compounds. However, phytohormone encapsulation has not been properly established yet. In a previous study, silica/chitosan SA encapsulated samples were formulated at different ratios, and their physical, chemical, and kinetic characteristics were analyzed, resulting in a promising antifungal product. However, it is unknown whether the encapsulated SA is affected in its structure and, thus, in its properties due to the spray temperature. Therefore, to decrease the spray temperature, silica/chitosan SA samples were formulated using a water-acetone mixture, and their characteristics studied and compared with the samples previously formulated in water.
This study reveals the dispensability of using an organic solvent to reduce the spray-drying temperature during atomization, as the antifungal potential of the silica/chitosan-encapsulated SA samples does not improve. Acetone- and water-based encapsulates effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of two necrotrophic fungi (Alternaria alternata and Penicillium digitatum) by approximately 50 %. However, avoiding the use of organic solvents in the formulation mitigate associated issues such as environmental impact, safety, health and toxicity concerns, cost, regulatory compliance, material compatibility, and handling.
Furthermore, the water-based encapsulation process was optimized through a fractional randomized experimental design. Six process variables at two levels were selected: i) solid content, ii) milling speed, iii) milling time, iv) spray temperature, v) feed rate, and vi) airflow, resulting in 16 randomized experiments that allowed the establishment of optimal conditions for the encapsulation of SA. This optimization enables the reduction of raw material loss and production costs, fostering environmental sustainability.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume
Multimodal prehabilitation in colorectal cancer: improving fitness, lifestyle, and post-surgery outcomes
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of a multimodal prehabilitation program for colorectal cancer patients in body composition, physical and cardiorespiratory fitness as well as its ability to reduce postoperative complications.
Methods: A longitudinal observational study evaluated the efficacy of a prehabilitation intervention based on four components: (a) health education and self-care, (b) nutritional counseling, (c) psychological support, and (d) supervised physical exercise. Body composition was determined through
bioelectrical impedance analysis; physical fitness variables such as strength was measured by a handgrip dynamometer for upper limbs, and a squat–jump test, countermovement jump test using a contact platform, and a chair–stand test for lower limbs. Flexibility was assessed with the sit-and-reach test. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with the 6 min walking test (6MWT). Moreover, we measured lifestyles related to the amount of physical exercise by accelerometry.
Results: The final cohort included 30 patients. Patients completed an average of 9.90 ± 5.26 exercise sessions. Statistically significant changes with varying effect sizes were observed in the following outcomes: SJ values in cm and W for both sexes (p = 0.021/d = 0.14 and p = 0.043/d = 0.10, respectively), SJ in W for women (p = 0.023/d = 0.21), all chair-stand test values (p = 0.021/d = 0.65 for men, p = 0.004/d = 2.08 for women, and p = 0.000/d = 0.84 for both sexes), and sit-and-reach for both sexes (p = 0.005/d = 0.12) and for men (p = 0.044/d = 0.08). All 6MWT values had statistically significant changes (p = 0.001/0.46). Women reduced the weekly minutes spent in sedentary behavior (p = 0.037/d = 0.65) and increased the minutes spent performing light physical activity (p = 0.037/d = 0.63). With regard to surgical outcomes, there was a tendency towards a decrease in postoperative complications and hospitalization days, as well as minutes in postoperative REA (p = 0.009/d = 0.69) in relation to the control group.
Conclusions: Participation in a multimodal prehabilitation program improves several aspects of physical condition and lifestyles related to the amount of physical exercise and reduces both days of hospitalization and several complications post-surgery
Les Coves Llongues (Sorita, Els Ports, Castelló). A new ancient Neolithic site in the north of the Valencian Country
No full textEste trabajo presenta el yacimiento de les Coves Llongues (Sorita, Castelló), un abrigo de grandes dimensiones que conserva una secuencia arqueológica que abarca desde el Epimagdaleniense hasta el Neolítico. El artículo se centra en las ocupaciones del Neolítico antiguo, con dataciones que las sitúan en la segunda mitad del VI milenio cal BC. Entre los materiales recuperados destacan cerámicas impresas, industria lítica y ósea, adornos personales y representaciones rupestres de estilo levantino en sus paredes. El yacimiento se encuentra en una región con pocas evidencias de este periodo, pero de gran relevancia para el estudio de la expansión de las primeras comunidades productoras en el Mediterráneo ibérico y el valle del Ebro, al situarse en un paso natural entre ambos territorios, especialmente a través del río Bergantes. Por ello, los datos de Coves Llongues son clave para el estudio de las primeras etapas de la neolitización en la zona.
Lan honek Coves Llongues (Sorita, Castelló) aztarnategia aurkezten du. Dimentsio handiko babeslekua da eta Epimagdaleleine eta Neolito arteko sekuentzia arkeologikoa gordetzen du bere baitan. Artikuluak Antzinako Neolitoko okupazioak ditu ardatz, K.a. VI. milurte inguruko bigarren erdialdean kokatzen dituzten datazioekin. Berreskuratutako materialen artean, zeramika inprimatuak, industria litikoa eta hezur-industria, apaingarri pertsonalak eta Levanteko estiloko labar-irudikapenak nabarmentzen dira hormetan. Aztarnategia garai horretako ebidentzia gutxiko eskualdean dago, baina oso garrantzitsua da Iberiar Penintsulako Mediterraneoan eta Ebroko haranean lehen komunitate ekoizleek izandako hedapena aztertzeko; izan ere, bi lurraldeen arteko pasabide naturalean dago, batez ere Bergantes ibaian zehar. Hori dela eta, Coves Llongues haitzuloan jasotako datuak ezinbestekoak dira eremu hartan neolitizazioak izandako lehen etapa haiek aztertzeko.
This paper presents the Coves Llongues site (Sorita, Castelló), a large shelter that preserves an archaeological sequence spanning from the Epimagdalenian to the Neolithic. The article focuses on the Early Neolithic occupations, with dates that place them in the second half of the 6th millennium BC. The materials recovered include impressed pottery, lithic and bone industry, personal ornaments and Levantine-style rock art. The site is located in a region with minimal evidence from this period, yet it is of significant importance for the study of the expansion of the first Neolithic communities in the Mediterranean Iberia and the Ebro Valley, as it is situated in a natural passage between both territories, particularly through the Bergantes River. Consequently, the data from Coves Llongues is crucial for the study of the early stages of Neolithisation in the area