97828 research outputs found
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Beneficios de un programa de ejercicio físico online en streaming dirigido y supervisado en pacientes con cáncer de mama durante el tratamiento oncológico: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado
No full textCompendi d'articlesEl ejercicio físico especializado y supervisado es eficaz para mejorar la calidad de vida (QoL) y el estado físico en pacientes con cáncer de mama en tratamiento activo. Este estudio evaluó el impacto de programas de ejercicio en línea y presenciales sobre la QoL, la adherencia y la condición física en mujeres con cáncer de mama, en comparación con recomendaciones generales de ejercicio sin supervisión. Mediante un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, se compararon dos grupos: ejercicio en línea supervisado en el domicilio, y un grupo de recomendaciones generales sin supervisión. Los programas supervisados consistieron en sesiones de 60 minutos de ejercicio combinado (fuerza y aeróbico) durante 24 semanas. Los resultados demostraron mejoras significativas en la QoL y la condición física en el grupo con intervención, así como una mayor adherencia al ejercicio en el grupo en línea. Los participantes reportaron beneficios en síntomas como fatiga, náuseas y apetito, además de mejoras en autoestima y empoderamiento. No se observaron cambios significativos en la composición corporal entre los grupos. Este estudio destaca que tanto el ejercicio en línea como el presencial son estrategias viables y efectivas para optimizar la QoL en pacientes con cáncer de mama en tratamiento activo, incluso en contextos como la pandemia de COVID-19.Specialized, supervised physical exercise is effective in improving quality of life (QoL) and physical fitness in breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment. This study evaluated the impact of online and in-person exercise programs on QoL, adherence, and phy- sical fitness in women with breast cancer, compared with general, unsupervised exercise re- commendations. Using a randomized clinical trial, two groups were compared: supervised online exercise at home, and a general, unsupervised recommendation group. The supervi- sed programs consisted of 60-minute sessions of combined exercise (resistance and aerobic) for 24 weeks. The results demonstrated significant improvements in QoL and physical fitness in the intervention group, as well as greater exercise adherence in the online group. Partici- pants reported benefits in symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, and appetite, as well as impro- vements in self-esteem and empowerment. No significant changes in body composition were observed between the groups. This study highlights that both online and in-person exercise are viable and effective strategies to optimize QoL in breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment, even in contexts such as the COVID-19 pandemic.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències Biomèdiques i Salu
Critical Narrative Review of the Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technology in Sports Science
No full textNear-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive technology used to monitor muscle oxygenation in sports science. Since its introduction in 1977, NIRS has evolved into a valuable tool for assessing physiological responses during exercise and rehabilitation. The history of NIRS dates back to early hemoglobin studies in the 19th century, with significant advancements in pulse oximetry during World War II. By the late 1980s, NIRS had become widely used in sports science, allowing researchers to evaluate muscle perfusion and metabolic thresholds in various activities. NIRS applications in sports include determining exercise thresholds, monitoring muscle oxygenation during training, assessing asymmetries between limbs, and evaluating mitochondrial capacity. Studies have explored its use in both team and endurance sports, highlighting its role in optimizing performance and preventing injuries. Beyond sports, NIRS technology is expanding into clinical fields, aiding in rehabilitation and patient monitoring. This critical review has identified several key areas for future research, including the need to clarify methodological influences, strategies to minimize the impact of adipose tissue on NIRS measurements, the importance of conducting longitudinal studies, increased research on sex-specific effects, and a greater emphasis on field-based studies. With continued advancements, NIRS is expected to further enhance our understanding of muscle physiology and human performance, making it a crucial tool in athletic performance assessment and clinical practice
Challenges of the Mexican Financial System: Empirical Studies on Financial Inclusion and Banking Competition
No full textThe research presented in this PhD Thesis provides new empirical evidence on the dynamics of financial inclusion and banking competition in Mexico. By studying the probability and the determinants of establishing a branch (chapter 1), developing an innovative index of inclusion (chapter 2), constructing a series of indices of inclusion on time (chapter 3), incorporating a geographic visualization (chapter4), and analyzing the role of multimarket contacts in competition (chapter 5), this work advances the understanding of structural and behavioural factors shaping the Mexican financial system. In analyzing financial inclusion, a central focus of this thesis is the study of geographic disparities. The availability of municipal-level data enabled the analysis to be conducted at a highly disaggregated scale, thereby uncovering local heterogeneities that are often concealed within national or aggregate statistics. Moreover, the recognition of the multidimensional nature of financial inclusion constitutes a distinctive feature of the approach taken in three of the articles included in this dissertation. These contributions examine not only the dimension of access, but also usage, along with several relevant subdimensions within both categories, thus providing a more comprehensive and nuanced picture of financial inclusion in Mexico. With regard to banking competition, the research extends beyond traditional measures of market structure and performance to explore the dynamics of bank behavior under conditions of municipal multimarket contact (MMC). By examining how geographic overlap and the intensity of multimarket interactions affect competitive conduct, the analysis offers a more nuanced perspective on the determinants of market power, complementing conventional competition analysis.Programa de Doctorat en Economia i Empres
Metodologías respiratorias implementadas en la enseñanza del trombón: Estudio de campo
No full textEl objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral es comprender holísticamente las metodologías respiratorias implementadas en la enseñanza del trombón. El diseño metodológico propuesto se enmarca en un paradigma de investigación mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo, que utiliza métodos combinados para alcanzar un mayor entendimiento del problema. En primer lugar, se realiza un análisis comparado para clasificar las metodologías de respiración empleadas en la enseñanza del trombón en la bibliografía especializada, mediante un estudio hermeneútico. La segunda parte, identifica las principales líneas pedagógicas respiratorias implementadas en las enseñanzas Superiores de trombón en un contexto real, a través de un estudio de campo observacional y descriptivo, mediante un enfoque pedagógico e interpretativo. Los resultados revelan la convivencia de diversas, e incluso opuestas, líneas pedagógicas de la respiración. El empleo de herramientas TIC utilizadas en este estudio, como el software MxQDA, presenta nuevos horizontes de investigación en el campo de las enseñanzas artísticas performativas.The general objective of this doctoral thesis is to holistically understand the breathing methodologies implemented in trombone teaching. The proposed methodological design is framed within a mixed-method research paradigm, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches to achieve a deeper understanding of the problem. First, a comparative analysis is conducted to classify the breathing methodologies employed in trombone teaching, based on specialized literature, through a hermeneutic study. The second phase identifies the main pedagogical breathing approaches implemented in higher education trombone instruction within a real-world context, using an observational and descriptive field study with a pedagogical and interpretative approach. The results reveal the coexistence of diverse, and even opposing, pedagogical approaches to breathing. The use of ICT tools, such as the MAXQDA software employed in this study, opens new research horizons in the field of performing arts educationPrograma de Doctorat en Educaci
Development of Thin Film Layers for Solar Cells through Advanced Deposition Methods
No full textDoctorat internacionalThis doctoral thesis explores the development of thin-film layers for photovoltaic devices using advanced deposition techniques. It encompasses three different chapters. The first work advanced NiOx thin-film development using spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) using a novel precursor. The second project focused on antimony chalcogenides, particularly Sb₂Se₃. A two-step synthesis combining electroplating and selenization was used to fabricate the first Sb₂Se₃-based devices on ceramic substrates. To overcome limitations in device fabrication methods at laboratory scale, in the third chapter a low-temperature, non-vacuum metal deposition process was developed, enabling functional devices without high-vacuum equipment. This thesis bridges fundamental research and application, contributing new methods for scalable, efficient, and integration-ready solar technologies.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Application of Cold Sintering Process for All-Solid-State Batteries: Electrochemical and Microstructural Study of Composite Solid Electrolytes
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis doctoral thesis focuses on the production and characterization of lithium and sodium-based composite solid electrolytes, developed through a polymer-in-ceramic approach by employing the Cold Sintering Process, a novel and sustainable processing technique. Both the fabrication method and the resulting composite electrolytes are thoroughly characterized using ex-situ and operando galvanostatic and potentiostatic techniques, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of their potential application in next-generation All-Solid-State Batteries.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
A multimodal rhetorical analysis of the video resume as a professional digital genre: developing students’ multimodal communicative competence
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis thesis deals with the concept of the Video Resume (henceforth VR), as a digital recruitment tool in business settings. The compendium of articles presented in this research includes the entire process of a genre analysis in order to validate the VR as a professional digital genre. In particular, it undertakes a Multimodal Discourse Analysis with a specific focus on the development of students’ multimodal communicative competence. Furthermore, it delves into the complex ways in which rhetorical and persuasive strategies as well as different modes of communication contribute to the construction of meaning employed in videos, used to enhance the communicative aim of the VR. The findings, discussion, and conclusions hold implications for both academic and pedagogical practice, offering insights into the evolving landscape of professional communication in the digital age.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Dance Marketing como herramienta estratégica para el engagement de marca. Análisis del discurso narrativo y performativo desde el corporate moderno. Premios EFI 1997-2024 como casos de estudio.
No full textSe pretende revisar/estudiar la evolución y gestión de marca como recurso/activo intangible más preciado que puede tener una organización y sus discursos narrativos performativos como eje central de la comunicación. El objetivo de esta investigación está en realizar un análisis del Dance Marketing como herramienta estratégica para el engagement de marca, a través de los spots ganadores de los Premios EFI. En cuanto a la filosofía de los premios: “Los premios a la Eficacia nacieron en 1997 para responder a una necesidad común del sector publicitario: reconocer la contribución de la comunicación comercial a la consecución de los objetivos empresariales de las empresas anunciantes” (Premios EFI, 2024). Aunque esta investigación parte de la Monografía de Alloza (2001), y los Premios nacieron en 1997, para realizar un estudio completo del estado de la cuestión se atiende todo el universo de estudio desde 1997.The aim is to review/study brand evolution and management as the most valuable intangible resource/asset that an organization can have, and its narrative-performative discourses as the central axis of communication. The objective of this research is to analyze Dance Marketing as a strategic tool for brand engagement, through the winning spots of the EFI Awards. Regarding the philosophy of the awards: “The Effectiveness Awards were created in 1997 to respond to a common need in the advertising sector: to recognize the contribution of commercial communication to the achievement of the business objectives of advertising companies” (EFI Awards, 2024). Although this research is based on Alloza's monograph (2001), and the Awards were created in 1997, in order to carry out a comprehensive study of the state of the art, the entire universe of study since 1997 is taken into account.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències de la Comunicaci
Randomised controlled trial of clozapine in resistant schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
No full textBackground: Clozapine (CLZ) stands out for its unique receptor profile, making it more effective than other antipsychotics, especially in treatmentresistant schizophrenia (TRS). There is growing evidence supporting its use in schizoaffective disorder (SZD), although diagnostic challenges and drug
characteristics have complicated the implementation of specific clinical trials.Aim: Compare efficacy and tolerability of CLZ in real-world patients with TRS and SZD.Methods: Prospective, pragmatic, three-month, evaluator-blinded clinical trial with two randomised controlled arms (TRS groups) and a third fixed arm
(SZD group). The clinical response was assessed by monthly visits during which the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Young Mania Rating
Scale (YMRS), Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Clinical Global Impression
(CGI) and Udvalg für Kliniske Undersogelser were administered. One hundred twenty-seven participants (74.8% men, 25.2% women; 84 TRS, 42 SZD;
mean age of 38.53) completed the follow-up.Results: Patients treated with CLZ showed a greater reduction in all the PANSS subscales, MADRS and CDSS. In cases of SZD, there was a significant
decrease in positive (F: 3.72, p < 0.05) and negative (F: 6.58, p < 0.01) symptoms, the overall score of PANSS (F: 5.64, p < 0.01) and YMRS (F: 12.01,p < 0.01). Patients using CLZ had a better subjective perception of their treatment (χ2: 17.29, p < 0.01). CLZ prescription was the only predictor of
better outcomes across all the scales and improved substance use (dual disorders).Conclusions: CLZ was effective in reducing psychotic and affective symptoms in patients with dual psychosis, with better outcomes in SZD compared
with TRS.EudraCT protocol trial: 2021-001278-44 (Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of clozapine in resistant schizophrenia and schizoaffective
disorder; clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2021-001278-44/ES)
Extremism, marginalization, and talibanization: an ethnographic analysis of culture and state narratives of the pashtun society of Pakistan
No full textDoctorat internacionalThe US troops’ withdrawal and the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul in 2021 led to the resurgence of extremist groups like ISIS Khurasan and Tehreek I Taliban Pakistan, expanding their bases in the Indigenous Pashtun-populated region of Pakistan along the Durand Line, a contested border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The region’s indigenous social structure is eroding due to militancy, religious intolerance, continuous militarization, and marginalization in the decision-making processes in the center of the post-colonial state. This qualitative research examines the growing culture of extremism and its contributing factors in this volatile region. The study is based on autoethnographic fieldwork and empirical evidence collected in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan from 2020 to 2024. It includes eight focus group discussions, 22 open-ended interviews, a research stay, and participation in communal and political activities related to the issue. The study showcases the current state of militarization and marginalization of the region by the military dominated center, religious indoctrination, and manipulation of extreme narratives by extremists in society. It investigates cases of mob violence related to blasphemy allegations, issues of mistrust between marginalized Pashtuns and the state, and an indigenously emerged nonviolent social movement, the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement, aka PTM, that seeks to protect ethnic Pashtuns’ equal rights. The primary investigation shows that the movement is oppressed by the state’s security agencies, which marginalize and mistreat the Pashtuns – highlighting a correlation between marginalization and extremism in society. The primary data indicate that over five decades of militarization of the region has significantly impacted the socio-political and indigenous cultural aspects of the population, and militants manipulate the society’s narratives of culture, religion, marginalization, and racial profiling by the state – resulting in a culture of intolerance – fueling extremism. Based on theories of social change, this research presents a blueprint for practitioners to implement resilient peace structures in volatile Indigenous populations.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen