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Aproximación a la nueva gobernanza para el desarrollo glocal sostenible: estudio de caso Santander de Quilichao (Cauca, Colombia)
No full textLa presente investigación se centra en el marco del desarrollo local, considerando las particularidades de un territorio inmerso en grandes complejidades y contradicciones sociales que, incluso, han sido generadoras de violencia por más de 60 años. El propósito se centró en realizar un análisis macro de las condiciones para el desarrollo glocal sostenible, a través de un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, que permitió contrastar las visiones institucionales y comunitarias sobre la gobernanza actual, la implementación de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible y la articulación con la implementación del proceso de paz, en el municipio de Santander de Quilichao, departamento del Cauca Colombia. Del mismo modo, se realizó un análisis micro para identificar nuevas aportaciones a la gobernanza glocal sostenible, soportado en la propuesta teórica que emergió en el desarrollo de esta investigación que hemos llamado Aproximación a la Nueva Gobernanza para el Desarrollo Glocal Sostenible.The research focuses on the framework of local development, considering the particularities of a territory immersed in great complexities and social contradictions that have generated violence for more than 60 years. A macro analysis of the conditions for sustainable glocal development and a micro analysis to identify new contributions to sustainable glocal governance was carried out, through a study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, which allowed to contrast the institutional and community visions on current governance, the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals and the articulation with the implementation of the peace process, in Santander de Quilichao Cauca Colombia. One of the main conclusions is that it is necessary to strengthen citizen participation, civic and formal education, especially among youth, as future leaders and managers of sustainable glocal governance processes, in pursuit of the common good and social well-being.Programa de Doctorat en Desenvolupament Local i Cooperació Internaciona
Analysis of the ecological role of urban centers in Europe and North America: The impact of built parkland in richness and abundance of birds
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalUrban expansion creates new bird habitats, prompting studies on how city elements affect these species. However, the influence of buildings remains under-investigated. This thesis analyzes the ecological role of urban centers in Europe and North America, assessing bird richness and abundance across scales and environmental variables, including buildings. The methodology combined local transect data with regional and international citizen science, analyzed using Excel and R. Findings show birds prefer historical buildings for nesting, and mid-rise buildings (two to four levels) correlate with greater bird richness and abundance. In conclusion, the study emphasizes integrating biodiversity into urban planning, highlighting the ecological value of historical buildings and the need for biodiversity-friendly measures to mitigate habitat loss. The combination of building height and impervious cover better predicts bird diversity than either alone. This work advances landscape ecology by incorporating vertical urban structure into biodiversity models.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
La figura del ethics officer como oportunidad para el desarrollo de una infraestructura de gestión ética: análisis de caso en el sector tecnológico B2B
No full textDoctorat industrialEl objetivo de la presente tesis industrial, consiste en presentar, justificar y aplicar a un caso concreto la figura del del responsable de ética de la empresa, o ethics officer. Este agente es considerado clave por sus capacidades y competencias específicas para asumir la gestión de la ética en la empresa, lo cual incluye, entre otros aspectos, la gestión de la confianza tanto interna como externa. Por todo lo expuesto, y como exposición final, entendemos que esta investigación representa un avance significativo en el campo de la gestión ética empresarial, aportando una contribución clave al desarrollo de la figura del ethics officer. Este nuevo perfil profesional, lejos de ser una mera adición al organigrama, se posiciona como un pilar central en la estructura ética de las organizaciones. Gracias a los hallazgos de esta tesis, el ethics officer cuenta ahora con un respaldo académico sólido que no solo valida su importancia, sino que también lo dota de un marco claro de competencias, funciones y responsabilidades, necesarias para gestionar la ética de manera integral y efectiva en un entorno empresarial cada vez más exigente. Mirando hacia el futuro, podemos augurar que el oficial de ética desempeñará un papel fundamental en la construcción de empresas más responsables y transparentes, capaces de integrar la ética en todas sus decisiones y actividades. La profesionalización de este perfil contribuirá, sin duda, a consolidar la reputación de las organizaciones que lo adopten, al garantizar que la ética no sea un discurso vacío, sino una práctica tangible y medible. En este sentido, estamos convencidas que el ethics officer se convertirá en un agente de cambio, capaz de transformar la cultura corporativa, conectando así la ética con la reputación corporativa. Esta tesis, ofrece un aporte teórico a la ética aplicada a la empresa y además abre nuevas vías de acción para el futuro del liderazgo ético en las empresas. La ethics officer está llamada a crecer en relevancia y demanda, como un actor esencial para que las organizaciones puedan responder a los desafíos de la ética contemporánea. Con este perfil profesional consolidado y fortalecido, las empresas estarán mejor preparadas para enfrentar un futuro donde la ética no solo es un valor añadido, sino un factor determinante para su éxito y sostenibilidad a largo plazo.The objective of this industrial thesis is to propose the possibility of an ethics officer in the company and the functions that he/she should perform in order to turn business ethics into a factor of social innovation, creativity and competitiveness. The methodology used has a double root. Firstly, a critical hermeneutic that addresses the ethical bases of trust in the company. To this end, the ethics of discourse or ethics of dialogue is used, consisting of seeking dialogue and agreement among all stakeholders involved in business activity. Secondly, an empirical analysis is used through a comparative analysis of the main B2B service companies. The practices carried out in the Unite company make it possible to affirm the need for an ethics manager, as well as the difficulties of locating his or her place in the company.Programa de Doctorat en Ètica i Democràci
Countering False Information in Emergency Situations. Spanish Fact-Checkers on X During the October 2024 DANA
No full textEn octubre de 2024 una Depresión Aislada en Niveles Altos (DANA) asoló España, siendo especialmente cruenta en la Comunidad Valenciana, donde cientos de personas murieron. Esta emergencia climática desató la circulación de un gran número de contenidos falsos que se viralizaron a través del entorno digital. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es caracterizar los bulos que desmintieron las agencias de verificación españolas en X sobre la DANA. Empleando la técnica del análisis de contenido cuantitativo, se analizan los mensajes publicados en X por Newtral, Maldita, EFE Verifica y Verificat entre el 29 de octubre y el 29 de noviembre de 2024 (N = 492). Los resultados muestran que los fact-checkers españoles verificaron una media 5,96 contenidos falsos diarios en X durante el período de análisis, sobre temáticas muy diversas. Priman, sin embargo, aquellas relacionadas con las teorías de la conspiración, la rotura de presas y embalses, y la visita de los Reyes, Pedro Sánchez y Carlos Mazón a la zona afectada. Más del 45 % de estos contenidos fueron creados ad hoc para engañar a la ciudadanía, aunque también hay un porcentaje elevado en los que se reutilizan o descontextualizan imágenes o vídeos. Destaca también como tan solo el 31,8 % de los mensajes incluyen alguna referencia a las fuentes consultadas y, las que citan, son mayoritariamente oficiales. Además, los resultados muestran como EFE Verifica es la agencia de verificación cuyos mensajes obtienen un mayor alcance en X. Estos hallazgos permiten caracterizar los desmentidos que compartieron las agencias de verificación españolas sobre la DANA en X, una emergencia que tuvo consecuencias muy graves y que generó un alto volumen de contenidos falsos.In October 2024, a high-altitude isolated depression (DANA, for its acronym in Spanish) severely
impacted Spain, with particularly devastating effects in the Valencian Community, where hundreds of people
lost their lives. This climate emergency triggered the circulation of a large volume of false content that went
viral through digital platforms. The main objective of this research is to characterize the hoaxes debunked
by Spanish fact-checking agencies on X in relation to the DANA. Using quantitative content analysis, this
study examines the posts published on X by Newtral, Maldita, EFE Verifica, and Verificat between October
29 and November 29, 2024 (N = 492). The findings show that Spanish fact-checkers verified an average of
5.96 false claims per day on X during the analysis period, covering a wide range of topics. However, content
related to conspiracy theories, the alleged collapse of dams and reservoirs, and the visits of the Spanish
Royal Family, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, and Valencian President Carlos Mazón to the affected area
were especially prominent. More than 45% of the false content was created ad hoc to deliberately deceive
the public, although a significant proportion involved the reuse or decontextualization of images or videos.
Notably, only 31.8% of the fact-checks included references to sources, and those that did mostly cited official
sources. Furthermore, the results indicate that EFE Verifica’s posts achieved the greatest reach on X among
the fact-checking agencie
Formación y continuidad de la imagen: la construcción de los imaginarios de Malinche y Pocahontas (s. XVI-XIX)
No full textDoctorat internacionalEl estudio analiza cómo la continuidad y variación de elementos visuales y literarios desarrollados entre los siglos XVI y XIX consolidaron el estereotipo de la "indígena colaboracionista", representado por Malinche y Pocahontas. Desde un enfoque iconológico, se examina cómo ambas figuras fueron construidas simbólicamente bajo un ideario eurocéntrico. Más allá de su papel histórico, la investigación estudia sus imágenes como representaciones fronterizas y transformadoras que legitimaron un modelo hegemónico y proyectaron sobre el cuerpo femenino los ideales y temores de la cultura dominante. El análisis abarca desde códices y grabados hasta obras decimonónicas, revelando cómo el arte actuó a modo de dispositivo ideológico. La tesis, dividida en dos tomos, propone una lectura crítica que entiende las imágenes como procesos vivos de reinterpretación, evidenciando las tensiones entre poder, género y alteridad en la construcción simbólica de ambas figuras.The study examines how the continuity and variation of visual and literary elements developed between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries consolidated the stereotype of the "collaborationist Indigenous woman", embodied by Malinche and Pocahontas. From an iconological perspective, it explores the ways in which both figures were symbolically constructed within a Eurocentric framework. Beyond their historical roles, the research emphasizes their images as liminal and transformative representations that legitimized a hegemonic model and projected the dominant culture’s ideals and anxieties onto the female body. The analysis spans materials ranging from codices and engravings to nineteenth-century works, revealing how art functioned as an ideological device aimed at exposing the tensions between power, gender, and alterity.Programa de Doctorat en Història de l'Ar
Saberes campesinos que forjan territorios de paz en medio del colapso parcial del estado en Colombia. Memoria colectiva en las Veredas Hinche Alto e Hinche Bajo del Municipio de La Palma – Cundinamarca a través de las voces de campesinas y campesinos que tejen paz
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalEl estudio se focaliza en la experiencia de una comunidad campesina que sobrevive y resiste a la guerra en Colombia a partir de sus saberes forjando territorios de paz en medio del colapso parcial del Estado. Los resultados giran en torno a problematizar la concepción de paz, la existencia de campemicidio, el colapso parcial del estado en Colombia como una realidad, los revestimientos de la colonia, la guerra silenciosa e invisible que aún existe en Colombia, situar la investigación desde lugares hegemónicos, el lugar de las mujeres en los procesos de construcción de paz, la pervivencia de los movimientos campesindios, la pregunta por si hay salida hacia la paz en Colombia, la memoria colectiva y la resistencia como actos ético políticos, el reconocimiento de los saberes campesinos como ejes fundamentales para la paz y el manifiesto a manera de denuncia ante acciones que amenazan la vida del campo y configuran el campemicidio.This doctoral thesis recovers peasant knowledge that forges territories of peace in the Hinche Alto and Hinche Bajo villages of the municipality of La Palma, Cundinamarca, amidst the partial collapse of the State in Colombia. This is done through a process of collective memory with peasants. Epistemologically, it is circumscribed within the critical social paradigm based on the postulates of interculturality and decoloniality through the method of systematization of experiences. The fieldwork records were analyzed using the qualitative analysis software Atlas Ti. The thesis is made up of six chapters: 1. Reflections on the methodological journey from the systematization of experiences in the Hinche Alto and Hinche Bajo villages of the municipality of La Palma, Cundinamarca, Colombia, as a process of critical interpretive research; 2. Hinche: territory of peace, center of peasant knowledge. Walking the utopia; 3. Collective memory, resistance, and peasant knowledge. Construction of territories of peace in Hinche (Cundinamarca - Colombia), 4. Campemicide in Colombia from which indigenous peasant movements emerge to build territories of peace, 5. Peasant knowledge in action for everyday peace, and, 6. Peasant women weaving peace in Colombia.Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Internacionals de Pau, Conflictes i Desenvolupamen
Biomaterials based on LMWG-polymer multicomponent supramolecular hydrogels
No full textDoctorat internacionalSupramolecular hydrogels are formed through the self-assembly of low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) in water, creating three-dimensional fiber networks via non-covalent interactions. The primary drawback of supramolecular hydrogels is their generally low mechanical strength. Therefore, the fabrication of hybrid LMWG-biopolymer materials is a useful strategy to enhance the final properties of the material. In this context, the synthesis of novel supramolecular hybrid hydrogels combining LMWGs with biopolymers for use as multicomponent biomaterials is notably relevant. On one hand, LMWG-polymer conjugates are prepared by synthesizing two low-molecular-weight peptide fragments that are covalently linked to the polymer, L-polyglutamic acid (PGA). On the other hand, multicomponent supramolecular hydrogels are developed. These hydrogels are formulated using biocompatible polymers such as hyaluronic acid (HA), L-polyglutamic acid (PGA), or different gelatins, which are combined with a supramolecular gelator based on dipeptides.Programa de Doctorat en Cièncie
Unveiling novel mechanisms of neuroimmune modulation: a theragnostic and phytochemical approach using FGA139 and abscisic acid in cellular models
No full textThe bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the immune system is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Disruptions in this interaction are implicated in the pathophysiology of various neuroinflammatory diseases. In this thesis, the immunomodulatory potential of FGA139, a synthetic molecule with fluorescent properties, and abscisic acid (ABA), a plant-derived phytohormone with reported anti-inflammatory activity, were evaluated. To this end, in vitro cellular models were employed, including microglial, macrophage, and neuron-like cell lines. The results obtained demonstrate that both FGA139 and ABA are able to modulate key inflammatory pathways, albeit through distinct mechanisms. Additionally, FGA139 exhibits theragnostic properties, enabling not only the modulation of inflammatory responses but also the detection of cellular alterations via fluorescence. These findings suggest novel precision therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases, integrating plant-derived compounds with advanced diagnostic tools.Programa de Doctorat en Ciències Biomèdiques i Salu
Study and development of low-GWP mixtures for commercial condensing units and ultra-low temperature systems
No full textCompendi d'articles, Doctorat internacionalThis PhD thesis develops low- or negligible-GWP refrigerant mixtures to improve energy efficiency and reduce refrigerants’ GWP in two key areas: medium-capacity CO2 systems and ultra-low temperature (ULT) autocascade systems. For CO2 systems, small additions of secondary refrigerants enhance energy performance. Experimentally, the mixture CO2/R152a achieved up to 11.2% COP improvement in basic cycle, whereas with advanced configurations the improvements were around 3%. With parallel compression cycle, new separation phenomena are unveiled. In the ULT segment, the thesis presents the first full thermodynamic analysis of an autocascade system using a novel calculation method based on liquid density. The optimal mixture (R600a/R1150 [70/30%]) and system enhancements, such as a capillary optimization, compressor replacement and recuperative low-temperature heat exchanger, increased COP from 0.144 to 0.338. Overall, this work proposes efficient, lower-impact alternatives to high-GWP refrigerants in two critical application segments.Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Material
Investigating solutions for marine animal tracking: A low-cost underwater robotic platform for passive acoustic localisation
No full textTreball de Final de Màster Universitari Erasmus Mundus en Robòtica Intel·ligent Marina i Marítima (Pla de 2024). Codi: SJO053. Curs acadèmic 2024-2025The conservation of marine biodiversity requires non-intrusive methods to monitor ecosystem health, particularly in the face of increasing anthropogenic noise. Passive acoustic
monitoring (PAM) has emerged as a valuable tool, offering insight into animal behaviour, ecosystem soundscapes, and illegal human activity with minimal impact on marine life.
This research explores the integration of PAM with underwater vehicles for mobile underwater tracking. Specifically, it investigates the capability of a BlueROV, equipped
with low-cost DIY hydrophones, to localise and track sound-emitting targets. Addressing the challenges of underwater acoustic propagation and environmental interference, the
study evaluates multiple source localisation and dynamic tracking algorithms, ultimately testing and tuning controllers to passively track a moving target. The research further
examines how sound complexity — such as animal vocalisations versus synthetic signals — affects system robustness. A control architecture was developed and evaluated using
simulation and a land-based robotic platform, demonstrating reliable convergence to a sound-emitting target under varying conditions. Although full underwater validation was
limited, the system was deployed on two underwater vehicles, highlighting its practical feasibility. The results support the potential of low-cost, mobile PAM systems as scalable
tools for passive underwater tracking, with promising implications for ecological monitor ing and marine research. This project aims to contribute towards a cost-efficient, scalable
and non-disruptive method for passive acoustic monitoring