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A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Late Identified Hearing Loss in Childhood
Get PDFObjectives The objective of this systematic review was to assess the evidence about the prevalence of permanent hearing loss for children not identified from newborn hearing screening (NHS). Design Articles were grouped into three categories based on the methodological approach: (1) all participants received diagnostic testing, (2) otoacoustic emission (OAE) or pure tone screening was completed and those not passing were referred for a diagnostic test, and (3) data were retrieved from archival records. Study characteristics, prevalence, and contextual factors were synthesised and narratively described. Study Sample 30 peer-reviewed articles. Results Prevalence of permanent hearing loss per 1,000 children ranged from 0.32 to 77.87 (M = 7.30; SD = 16.87). Variations in the criteria for inclusion contributed to prevalence differences. Prevalence was higher when unilateral and milder degrees of hearing loss were included, and older children had higher prevalence (M = 13.71; SD = 23.21) than younger children (M = 1.57; SD = 0.86). Conclusion There is scant research on prevalence of childhood hearing loss after NHS that utilised methods to accurately differentiate between permanent and temporary hearing loss. Rigorous research is needed on the prevalence of permanent childhood hearing loss to inform strategies for monitoring, identification, intervention, and management
Tremblings, August 2024
Get PDFFunction over form: the benefits of aspen for Greater Sage-grouse
Michel T. Kohl, Associate Professor of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Extension Specialist, University of Georgia
David Dahlgren, Associate Professor and Rangeland Wildlife Extension Specialist, Utah State University
Sage-grouse, and their elaborate springtime breeding displays, are an icon of Western landscapes. Yet, sage-grouse (a sagebrush obligate species) have been facing decades-long declines due to the loss of habitat. Historically, the species ranged across 13 western states and two Canadian provinces. Today, they occur across \u3c 50% of that range, and abundance has declined 80% since 1965 and almost 40% since 2002. Despite this, it was determined in 2015 that the sage-grouse did not warrant Endangered Species protection due to the strength of wide-spread collaborative conservation actions
Random Forests Regression for Soft Interval Data
Get PDFAnalyzing soft interval data for uncertainty quantification has attracted much attention recently. Within this context, regression methods for interval data have been extensively studied. As most existing works focus on linear models, it is important to note that many problems in practice are nonlinear in nature and the development of nonlinear regression tools for interval data is crucial. This paper proposes an interval-valued random forests model that defines the splitting criterion of variance reduction based on an L2 type metric in the space of compact intervals. The model simultaneously considers the centers and ranges of the interval data as well as their possible interactions. Unlike most linear models that require additional constraints to ensure mathematical coherences, the proposed random forests model estimates the regression function in a nonparametric way, and so the predicted interval length is naturally nonnegative without any constraints. Simulation studies show that the new method outperforms typical existing regression methods for various linear, semi-linear, and nonlinear data archetypes and under different error measures. To demonstrate the applicability, a real data example is presented where the price range data of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index and its component stocks are analyzed
Exploring Parental Perspectives on the Transition to Kindergarten for Children with Disabilities
Get PDFThis qualitative interview study explores the personal narratives of parents of children with disabilities regarding the transition of their child to kindergarten. Informed by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, we conducted six parent interviews during the kindergarten year to collect insights about their experiences, challenges, and sources of support. This study aimed to inform the development of effective practices that support families during this critical transition period. Through reflexive thematic analysis, we identified several themes from the data, which include: (1) challenges in understanding the Individualized Education Program (IEP) and the transition process, (2) the value of parent-to-parent support networks, (3) obstacles faced in the kindergarten setting, and (4) perceptions of bias and managing expectations. The study underscores the importance of environmental contexts in these transitions. Key implications from our findings include advocating for enhancing parental support through means such as advocacy training, bolstering peer support, and offering mentorship programs. This research suggests the potential benefits of strategies tailored to the unique needs of families and communities, aiming to foster more effective kindergarten transitions for children with disabilities
Supplementary Files for: Quantifying the Impact of Rain-On-Snow Induced Flooding in the Western United States
No full textSerious flooding can happen when rain falls on snow, which we call a rain-on-snow (ROS) event. Increasing our understanding of the behavior of floods resulting from ROS events can help us design better systems to manage flood water and prevent it from causing damage. This thesis explores how ROS events affect streamflow in the Western United States by examining the weather conditions that precede a streamflow surge. We classify stream surges as ROS or non-ROS induced based on these weather conditions, which helps us separate floods caused by ROS events from those caused by other factors. By comparing these different types of floods, we find that ROS induced floods are generally 3-20\% larger than other floods. Engineers can use these findings and data to conservatively adjust drainage system designs, like culverts, to better handle the increased water flow during ROS events. This will reduce potential damage and make our road and building structures better able to handle extreme flooding
Using Growth Implants in Bos indicus Cattle Compared to Bos taurus Cattle
Get PDFA recent study at Utah State University compared production response to anabolic implant protocols of Santa Gertrudis-sired and Angus-sired steers. Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and economic analyses were completed to determine how implants affect Bos indicus-influenced animals. This fact sheet reviews the research findings and suggested benefits, such as increased efficiency and yield of steers
Educational Policies Committee Minutes January 4, 2024
Get PDFApproval of Minutes - December 7, 2023 Subcommittee Reports Other Business Adjourn: 3:45 p
Different Substrate Selectivity and Product Patterns of Immobilized Thermophilic Lipases From \u3ci\u3eGeobacillus stearothermophilus\u3c/i\u3e, \u3ci\u3eAnoxybacillus flavithermus\u3c/i\u3e, and \u3ci\u3eThermomyces lanuginosus\u3c/i\u3e for Glyceryl Decanoate Synthesis
Get PDFLipases can catalyze synthesis reactions in a micro aqueous system, producing useful partial glycerides (mono- and diglycerides), and these compounds are commonly utilized in different products as surfactants. Depending on the microbial sources for lipases, immobilization conditions, and starting substrates for synthesis reaction, the composition and yields of the resulting partial glycerides could be variable. These differences could lead to the final efficacy of partial glycerides as surfactants in targeted products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a group of immobilized lipases from different microbial sources with information about substrate specificity to produce effective partial glycerides for various product types. Here, lipases from thermophilic Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Anoxybacillus flavithermus were prepared with a simple partial purification method, and after immobilization, these lipases were tested to synthesize partial glycerides using different types of decanoic acids. The distinct product patterns were analyzed using HPLC. Both immobilized lipases showed the highest substrate selectivity to decanoic acids in common, producing mainly glyceryl monodecanoate. However, commercial immobilized lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus produced the largest glyceryl monodecanoate from methyl decanoate. These results indicate the importance of immobilization conditions like different microbial sources and substrates and the need for their optimal combination
The Domestication of Machismo in Brazil: Motivations, Reflexivity, and Consonance of Religious Male Gender Roles
Get PDFThe relationship between culture and the individual is a central focus of social scientific research. This paper examines motivations that mediate between shared culture norms and individual actions. Inspired by the works of Leon Festinger and Melford Spiro, we posit that social network conformation (the perceived adherence of one’s social network with norms) and internalization of cultural norms (incorporation of cultural models with the self-schema) will differentially shape behavior (cultural consonance) depending on the domain and individual characteristics. For the domain of gender roles among Brazilian men, religious affiliation results in different configurations of the individual and culture. Our findings suggest that, due to changing and competing cultural models, religious men are compelled to reflexively “think” about what masculinity means to them, rather than subconsciously conform to social (hegemonic) expectations. This study demonstrates the importance of considering the impetus of culturally informed behaviors and, in doing so, provides a methodological means for measuring and interpreting such motivations, an important factor in the relationship between culture and the individual