University of Valencia
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Sympathetic Nervous System Predominance in Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators after Coping with Acute Stress
Get PDFIt has been suggested that intimate partner violence (IPV) against women perpetrators present emotional dysregulations when dealing with acute stress, which in turn could help to explain their proneness to violence. Emotional regulation can be objectively measured by means of psychophysiological parameters/variables/indicators of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, such as cardiorespiratory (heart rate [HR], pre-ejection period [PEP] and respiratory sinus arrythmia [RSA]) and electrodermal (skin conductance levels [SCL]) signals. Therefore, this study aims to assess whether IPV perpetrators (n = 107) present differential psychophysiological and psychological state changes when coping with an acute cognitive laboratory stressor (a set of cognitive tests performed in front of an expert committee) in comparison with nonviolent men (n = 87). Moreover, the study assesses whether psychological state variables foster the psychophysiological response to acute stress. Our results demonstrate that, compared to nonviolent controls, IPV perpetrators showed higher HR and SCL values, shorter PEP, and lower RSA values during recovery from stress. They also presented higher negative affect (i.e., more anger and worse mood) after stress. Thus, high baseline anger explained the increases in emotional arousal when measured as SCL increases. The present study contributes evidence showing that IPV perpetrators and nonviolent men cope differently with stress. These findings might help forensic science to identify characteristics of violent individuals to establish their therapeutic needs. Furthermore, it would be appropriate to combine psychophysiological measurements with self-reports, thus increasing the reliability of the assessment of violent individual
Extracción en fase sólida (SPE)
Get PDFTécnica analítica de preparación de muestras que permite aislar, purificar, y preconcentrar los analitos presentes en una matriz
Kant e a estrutura das representações conceituais: universalidade, nota característica, reflexão, discursividade.
Get PDFO presente artigo explora a estrutura da representação conceitual na filosofia de Kant através da análise de suas diversas qualificações, a saber, universalidade, nota características, reflexividade e discursividade, bem como das operações do entendimento que a constituem, a saber, as operações de comparação, reflexão e abstração, tendo por base o texto da Lógica organizado por Jäsche e em comparação com a Schulphilosophie. Demonstra-se como admitir as representações conceituais, como representação universais, quer dizer, representações por notas características comuns a diversos objetivos, é uma descrição natureza das representações conceituais, ao passo que, enquanto representações refletidas, das operações lógicas, elas se originam das regras próprias de sua aplicação aos casos particulares, de modo que possuir um conceito é também ser capaz de julgar. Em conclusão, defende-se que a posse de conceitos se reconhece na medida em que se é capaz de julgar. A vinculação entre conceitos e juízos é indissociável e a posse de conceitos sem a capacidade de julgar é índice de um conhecimento histórico, não de um conhecimento racional.
Effect of Midazolam Premedication on Salivary Cortisol Levels in Pediatric Patients with Negative Frankl Behavior: A Pilot Study
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: This pilot study aimed to evaluate stress levels in pediatric pa-tients classified as definitely negative according to the Frankl scale by measuring salivary cortisol concentrations. Additionally, the study assessed the impact of Midazolam premed-ication on stress reduction during dental procedures. Methods. Children and adolescents attending the Pediatric Dentistry Master's program at the Catholic University of Valencia participated in the study. Salivary cortisol levels were measured before and after dental treatments, differentiating between invasive and non-invasive procedures. Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving Midazolam premedication and those who did not. Results. Findings showed a significant increase in cortisol levels following invasive dental treatments (0.991), whereas non-invasive treatments (0.992) did not lead to notable changes (p < 0.001). Patients premedicated with Midazolam exhibited significantly lower post-treatment cortisol levels compared to those who did not receive the medication (p < 0.05). Conclusions. These preliminary findings suggest that Midazolam-based management in children with definitely negative behavior may be associated with reduced physiological stress responses. As a pilot study with a limited sample and inherent group-allocation bias, the results should be interpreted with caution. The methodology proved feasible and supports the use of salivary cortisol in future, larger-scale studies designed to disentangle behavioral and pharmacological effects
La dieta de los grupos humanos magdalenienses del Mediterráneo peninsular. Nuevos datos de la Cova de les Cendres (Teulada-Moraira, Alicante)
Get PDFCova de les Cendres in a relevance site in the Upper Palaeolithic from de Iberian Peninsula, with a wide chronological sequence and a long research career. Since the last century, knowledge of Palaeolithic human subsistence in the Mediterranean area began to be develop, and Cendres has been providing data in this regard. However, today we still have information to find out about the economy of these hunter-gatherer groups. In this sense, this paper presents the results of the archaeozoological and taphonomic study of the fauna remains from three levels (XIIA, XI and IX) of Cova de les Cendres, corresponding to the Middle, Upper and Final Upper Magdalenian. Rabbits are the best represented species in number of remains, with processing and consuming patterns that seems to vary depending on the occupations. Among the ungulates, the red deer stands out as the main prey, although there is also consumption of other medium and large-sized species to a lesser extent. Relevant quantities of carnivores, especially lynx, have also been recorded, which are used not only by the skin, but also for consumption. The set of bones is well preserved, so it has been possible to carry out a good study of fractures and modifications, which point to an anthropic origin of the accumulations.
These modifications show a complete processing, in which the bones are systematically fractured, and all available resources are used (meat, fat, bone marrow, fur, bones). Secondly, based on the archaeozoological and taphonomic data existing in the literature, and together with the latest results of the analysis of bone remains applied to the three Magdalenian sets of Cendres, the general characteristics of the economic model of the Mediterranean Magdalenian are reviewed and expanded
Nuevos agentes y nuevos productos gramaticales en el siglo XIX: el modelo de enseñanza y difusión de la gramática promovido por la prensa profesional del magisterio
Get PDFLas investigaciones desarrolladas en el marco de los proyectos LinPePrensa. Ideas Lingüísticas y Pedagógicas en la Prensa española del siglo XIX y LinPePrensa II. La lengua y su enseñanza en la prensa española: de la Ley Moyano al fin de la II República (1857-1939) han puesto de evidencia que el periodismo decimonónico ‒especialmente en las últimas décadas de la centuria‒ se convierte en un canal de difusión de ideas en torno a la lengua que resultará decisivo, hasta el punto de constituir un nuevo modelo de reflexión lingüística ‒en general‒ y de enseñanza gramatical ‒en particular‒ que convivirá y dialogará con el modelo primigenio, el de los tratados gramaticales propiamente dichos. Las condiciones físicas del nuevo canal, sumadas al nuevo tipo de emisor y de receptor, así como a las circunstancias contextuales de la prensa especializada en el magisterio, favorecen el surgimiento de un nuevo tipo de gramático y de nuevos productos gramaticales, distintos en forma e intención a los tradicionales libros de gramática.
En las siguientes páginas se pretende, de un lado, poner en valor la figura de los agentes (maestros, gramáticos e intelectuales) que colaboran en la nueva vía (mediática) de difusión del pensamiento y de la enseñanza gramatical que surge con fuerza en el siglo XIX, así como el papel que desempeñan en la prensa profesional del magisterio; de otro, subrayar la necesidad de abordar el análisis de los nuevos productos gramaticales desde la doble perspectiva exigida por la investigación historiográfica, en la medida en que estos textos son fuentes gramaticográficas de primer orden: i) a la luz del contexto socio-educativo del momento, marcado muy especialmente por la conformación del sistema educativo nacional, y ii) en su propia inmanencia, determinada tanto por la condición e intención principal del autor como por la tipología textual seleccionada
Eduardo Pérez Pujol: La cuestión social y el cooperativismo a mediados del XIX en Valencia
Get PDFEste estudio se enmarca en un proyecto más amplio del grupo de historia de CIRIEC-España, cuyo objetivo es analizar la evolución jurídica del Cooperativismo y de la Economía Social. Para ello, la investigación examina tanto fuentes jurídicas como no jurídicas, integrando aportes teóricos y casos prácticos. En este sentido, el artículo se centra en el dictamen de 1872 de Eduardo Pérez Pujol, krausista y profesor de la Universidad de Valencia, quien vinculó el cooperativismo con la Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País. Su trabajo influyó en la futura Institución Libre de Enseñanza (ILE), y refleja el espíritu reformista de la época, marcado por la renovación social, científica y pedagógica. Pérez Pujol destacó la educación científica y los valores de libertad y responsabilidad social, pilares también del cooperativismo. Un ejemplo de estudio es la cooperativa valenciana “La Proletaria”, que inspiró leyes progresistas durante la Segunda República.
Lepton Mixing Parameters from Discrete and CP Symmetries
No full textWe consider a scenario with three Majorana neutrinos in which a discrete, finite flavour group Gf is combined with a generalized CP transformation. We derive conditions for consistently defining such a setup. We show that in general lepton mixing angles and CP phases (Dirac as well as Majorana) only depend on one single parameter θ which can take values between 0 and π, if the residual symmetries are Ge ⊂ Gf in the charged lepton and Gν = Z2 × CP in the neutrino sector. We perform a comprehensive study for Gf = S4 and find five cases which are phenomenologically interesting. They naturally lead to a non-zero reactor mixing angle and all mixing parameters are strongly correlated. Some of the patterns predict maximal atmospheric mixing and maximal Dirac phase, while others predict trivial Dirac and Majorana phases
Climatic Influence on the Carotenoids concentration in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon through remote sensing
No full textThe Albufera of Valencia, a Mediterranean coastal lagoon, has experienced a shift to hypertrophic conditions over the past 40 years due to agricultural and urban-industrial pollution. From August 2023 to early 2024, the water of the lagoon turned reddish-brown. This change has been observed in the past, but never with this intensity or duration, which typically occurs during periods of drought. In this study, carotenoid concentrations were analyzed in relation to precipitation and temperature using field and remote sensing data from February 2016 to December 2023. In November 2023, samples showed unusually high concentrations of carotenoids. The study confirmed the effectiveness of a new algorithm for estimating carotenoids using Sentinel-2 imagery to complement chlorophyll-a data. Results showed that temperature and precipitation significantly influenced carotenoid/chlorophyll-a ratio, highlighting a climatic control of phytoplankton community structure. These results highlight the importance of long-term monitoring and conservation efforts to address climate change and human impacts. This research is a first step in using optical properties of lakes as an indicator of phytoplankton dynamics under environmental stress and warns of the potential for increased occurrence or persistence of such phenomena with future climate trends