University of Valencia
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Digital didactic resources and music: mapping the last decade of research
No full textThe main purpose of this paper was to carry out an analysis of the scientific production in the last decade on the creation and use of materials in the field of music related to digital technology. For this purpose, a bibliometric study was carried out on 773 articles available in Scopus, and a content analysis was done on 252 open access articles. Conceptual clarifications of concepts in the field and a brief contextualisation of the study are also included. We go on to present the findings of the study showing a substantial advance in the use and consideration of digital media in music education. Nevertheless, no indication was found of improvement in learning, comprehensive student development, or competencies
(BV,L^p)-decomposition, p=1,2, of functions in metric random walk spaces
No full textIn this paper we study the (BV, Lp)-decomposition, p=1,2, of functions in metric random walk spaces, a general workspace that includes weighted graphs and nonlocal models used in image processing. We obtain the Euler-Lagrange equations of the corresponding variational problems and their gradient flows. In the case p=1 we also study the associated geometric problem and the thresholding parameters describing the behavior of its solutions
Plankton participation in the performance of three constructed wetlands within a Mediterranean natural park
No full textThe contribution of plankton in the performance of three constructed wetlands (CWs) within the Albufera de ValènciaNatural Park has been analyzed, taxonomic group by group, over a two-year operation period in the different sectors of each CW: horizontal subsurface-flow -A-, free-water surface flow -B- and lagoons -C-. Tancat de la PipaCW (TPCW) only contains B-C sectors, while the others have all three types. Treatment efficiency of each sector type on the taxonomic groups was evaluated by calculating frequency of phytoplankton reduction (or zooplankton production), mass removal (or production) efficiencies and rates, and accumulated removed phytoplankton mass (or produced zooplankton mass). The phytoplankton biomass entering Tancat de Mília CW (TMCW) was significantly higher (47 ± 22 mm3·L−1) than in the other CWs (10 ± 11, 6 ±5 mm3·L−1), but the outlets did not show significant differences. 7574 and 180 kg DW were eliminated during the two-year period in TMCW and Tancat de L'Illa CW (TLICW), from which 72% and 91% were removed cyanobacteria. Conversely, 470 kg DW of phytoplankton were produced in TPCW, but 99 kg of cyanobacteria eliminated. Mean efficiencies in zooplankton production were 682%, 157% and 112% in TLICW, TMCWand TPCW. There were evident spring production peaks of cladocerans in all CWs. Ostracods were much more abundant in the B sectors (related to the high density of emergent vegetation). in TMCW, the removal efficiencies were significantly higher during the second operation year. These CWs have undergone changes in the composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, both spatially and temporally, which represent an improvement in the water quality which is returned to the eutrophic main lagoon within the Natural Park. We do not recommend using only chlorophyll and phycocyanin measurements as a surrogate of phytoplankton and cyanobacterial biomass. Instead, this can be considered only as a complement to the traditional analyses of microalgae and cyanobacterial presence
René Descartes: individuo, sociedad, política
No full textLa cuestión que se quiere resolver en este artículo es si, pese a que la política queda fuera del sistema filosófico que plantea Descartes, hay espacio aún para ella en la reflexión filosófica derivada de dicho sistema. Para ello, se analizarán los siguientes textos cartesianos: la carta-prefacio de la edición francesa de Los principios de la filosofía, con el fin de aclarar la estructuración y la finalidad del sistema; Las pasiones del alma, para elucidar en qué consiste la moral que ocupa el lugar más alto en el árbol de la filosofía, y plantear en consecuencia la dimensión social de la moral; la correspondencia con Elisabeth de Bohemia permitirá analizar la posición de Descartes hacia la política. La conclusión pasa por considerar una doble dimensión del fenómeno político, una ligada a la vida social y otra a la estructuración del poder político y a las acciones de los gobernantes. ---- The question to be addressed in this article is whether, despite politics being outside the philosophical system proposed by Descartes, there is still room for it in the philosophical reflection derived from this system. To do so, the following Cartesian texts will be analysed: the preface letter of the French edition of 'Principles of Philosophy,' in order to clarify the structure and purpose of the system; 'Passions of the Soul,' to elucidate the nature of the morality that occupies the highest place in the philosophical framework and, consequently, to raise the social dimension of morality; the correspondence with Elisabeth of Bohemia will allow an analysis of Descartes' stance on politics. The conclusion involves considering a dual dimension of the political phenomenon, one linked to social life and another to the actions of rulers
Assigning ionic properties in perovskite solar cells; a unifying transient simulation/experimental study
No full textKinetic modelling has proven to be essential to understand the time and spatial dependence of charge carriers in solar cells. Traditional drift¿diffusion simulations have generally been employed to describe static steady-state conditions, whereas recently the transient counterpart has been able to reveal more detailed information regarding carrier kinetics. In addition to customary electron and hole dynamics, perovskite materials are known to also be strongly affected by the displacement of lattice vacancies, charged atoms or even entire molecules. Such ionic motion transpires on vastly different time scales compared to free charges and are generally not straightforward to simultaneously account for in one transient simulation tool. Here, based on coding in Julia, we develop and use such a tool accounting for both the fast dynamics of free charges subjected to radiative, Shockley¿Read¿Hall and surface recombination, simultaneously as the very slow displacement of ions is properly accounted for. We show that interconnected steady-state parameters such as VOC and jSC as well as transient experimental voltage decay measurements can be accurately reproduced by our simulations. The vast time window, ranging from sub-microseconds to hours, provided by high-resolution open circuit voltage decay (OCVD) measurements combined with the steady-state parameters, is identified as a reliable gauge of artifact-free ionic dynamics in perovskite solar cells. With the knowledge gained from our simulations we can thus provide a straightforward experimental method providing direct access to values of ion concentration, and diffusivity as well as its thermal activation energy, parameters that are crucial for the future development and commercialization of perovskite-based photovoltaics
¿El corpus lingüístico del grupo Val.Es.Co. (Valencia, Español Coloquial): Propuestas didácticas para las etapas de la ESO y el bachillerato?
No full textEl artículo que presentamos tiene como objetivo ofrecer propuestas didácticas aplicables a las etapas de la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria y el bachillerato para estudiar la lengua española en sus diferentes niveles de análisis a partir del corpus oral coloquial del grupo de investigación Val.Es.Co. (Valencia, Español Coloquial). Dicho corpus, formado por más de cuatrocientas horas de grabación transcritas, constituye un conjunto de conversaciones coloquiales, grabadas secretamente, que puede resultar de sumo interés y atractivo para docentes y alumnos en tanto que constituye un material real, de fácil accesibilidad y lectura por la claridad y sencillez de su sistema de transcripció
Conscious Unity from the Top Down: A Brentanian Approach
No full textMany contemporary views on unity of consciousness adopt a bottom-up approach: a subject has several conscious experiences at a time, which are unified in virtue of a special relationship. In this paper I explore an alternative, top-down approach, according to which (to a first approximation) a subject has one single conscious experience at a time. I present three top-down approaches: Priority unity monism, Existence unity monism, and Brentanian unity monism. The first two are defined in analogy with the homonymous metaphysical theories of object composition. Brentanian monism retraces Franz Brentano's view on unity of consciousness, and is defined by appeal to some of his mereological ideas. I argue that the latter is the best top-down approach to unity of consciousness
Elucidating the mechanism of action of mycotoxins through machine learning-driven QSAR models: Focus on lipid peroxidation
No full textUnderstanding the mechanisms of mycotoxin toxicity is crucial for establishing effective guidelines and preventive strategies. In this study, machine learning models based on quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) were employed to predict the lipid peroxidation activity of mycotoxins. Two different algorithms using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been trained using a dataset of 70 mycotoxins. The LDA model had an average correct classification rate of 91%, while the ANN model achieved a perfect 100% classification rate. Following an internal validation process, the models were utilized to predict mycotoxins with known lipid peroxidation activity. The machine learning models achieved an 88% correct classification rate for these mycotoxins. Finally, by utilizing classified algorithms, the study aimed to infer the mechanism of action related to lipid peroxidation for 91 unstudied mycotoxins. These models provide a fast, accurate, and cost-effective means to assess the potential toxicity and mechanism of action of mycotoxins. The findings of this study contribute to a comprehensive understanding of mycotoxin toxicology and assist researchers and toxicologists in evaluating health risks associated with mycotoxin exposure and developing appropriate preventive strategies and potential therapeutic interventions to mitigate the effects of mycotoxins
Measuring entrepreneurial orientation of university employees in developing countries using the ENTRE-U scale
No full textThis research examines the difference in the level of entrepreneurial orientation among university employees within the European Union compared to university employees in non-EU countries. The EU Member States included in the research are the Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Croatia, and the non-EU countries include the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Montenegro, the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Republic of Northern Macedonia. In the sample of 1474 respondents, the ENTRE-U scale was used to measure the entrepreneurial orientation of universities, and multivariate analysis of MANOVA variance was used for data processing. The ENTRE-U scale has proven applicable not only to developed countries but also developing countries. Moreover, it proved that being a member of the European Union in this part of Eastern Europe does not significantly affect the entrepreneurial orientation of universities
Plant Cryopreservation: Principles, Applications, and Challenges of Banking Plant Diversity At Ultralow Temperatures
No full textProgressive loss of plant diversity requires the protection of wild and agri-/horticultural species. For species whose seeds are extremely short-lived, or rarely or never produce seeds, or whose genetic makeup must be preserved, cryopreservation offers the only possibility for long-term conservation. At temperatures below freezing, most vegetative plant tissues suffer severe damage from ice crystal formation and require protection. In this review, we describe how increasing the concentration of cellular solutes by air drying or adding cryoprotectants, together with rapid cooling, results in a vitrified, highly viscous state in which cells can remain viable and be stored. On this basis, a range of dormant bud-freezing, slow-cooling, and (droplet-)vitrification protocols have been developed, but few are used to cryobank important agricultural/horticultural/timber and threatened species. To improve cryopreservation efficiency, the effects of cryoprotectants and molecular processes need to be understood and the costs for cryobanking reduced. However, overall, the long-term costs of cryopreservation are low, while the benefits are huge