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Communicating Climate Change: Climate Rhetorics and Discursive Tipping Points in United States Global Warming Science and Public Policy
No full textThis dissertation addresses the paradoxical phenomenon that lies at the heart of global climate change science and policymaking in the United States. On the one hand, we are faced with the ever-increasing mountains of scientific evidence acknowledging the threats of global climate change. Nearly all reputable climate scientists have no doubt that the world stands at the threshold of a climate catastrophe. On the other hand, legislative attempts to find solutions to the problem continue to fail. In light of the vast scientific evidence, why have policymakers been unable to pass meaningful legislation aimed at reducing U.S. global warming gas emissions? I contend the answer to this question is as rhetorical as it is scientific, political, or economic. By analyzing the ways global climate change science has entered, influenced, and faded out of policymaking contexts in the United States during specific historical periods, this dissertation demonstrates how the United States has moved through a series of climate rhetorics, with the current climate rhetoric being the only one where policies have been seriously considered and defeated. This dissertation illustrates that global climate change policymaking has reached an important discursive tipping point where arguments that were once successful in previous climate rhetorics are no longer be viable options in hearings and debates. After offering a brief rhetorical history of global climate change, this dissertation uses the tools of rhetorical theory and criticism to analyze three important contemporary cases: James Hansen's testimony to the U.S. Senate in the late 1980s, debates and hearings about U.S. ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, and the defeat of the Climate Stewardship Act of 2003. As the United States moves from a nation in which only scientists engage global climate change issues to one in which climate change solutions and costs---not science---are a concern for scientists and the public alike, we have reached a point of policy paralysis. This dissertation offers suggestions for how we can manage this rhetorical rift between stakeholders who are still engaging questions of science and those who are not.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-28T16:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2007Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 88814
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only218 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007
Fatty Acid-Mediated Inhibition of Host Cell Invasion by Cryptosporidium Parvum
No full textWe have purified from bovine colostrum digests an unsaturated fatty acid that inhibits Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite invasion of host cells in vitro. A panel of similar lipids with varying chain lengths and degrees of saturation were tested for evidence of inhibitory activity in order to determine the range of specificity. We identified a subset of inhibitory fatty acids and investigated the structural characteristics required for anti-cryptosporidial activity. Finally, we examined potential mechanisms for the lipid-mediated inhibition of sporozoite-host cell adhesion and invasion in vitro. These mechanisms included direct cytotoxicity to host cells and/or parasites, interruption of normal signaling pathways and alterations in gene expression. Our assays showed that eighteen-carbon unsaturated and twenty-carbon polyunsaturated free fatty acids with free carboxyl ends inhibited the invasion of host enterocytes by sporozoites in vitro by blocking microneme secretion. These results indicate a potential chemotherapeutic utility for a subset of long chain unsaturated free fatty acids in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-28T16:21:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2005Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 88912
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only183 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005
Field Dependent/independent College Undergraduates and the Usage of a Computer -Assisted Instruction Program in a Horticulture Class
No full textThis study used qualitative and quantitative methods to explore college undergraduates' field dependence/independence and their usage of a computer assisted instruction program (CAI). Learning preference differences and similarities of field dependent/independent students were qualitatively investigated with an emphasis on the usage of a CAI program designed for an ornamental horticulture class. After administration of the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) instrument, interviews further explored how each student conceptualized their learning process. The findings were congruent with the theory of field dependency. In addition, results indicated that field independent students felt that using the CAI program was beneficial. Although field independent students may be able to use the program to initially acquire information in the course, it's best usage may be to present recall cues to refresh their learning. In contrast, field dependent students did not feel there was benefit in using the CAI program, but with provided structure, benefits may occur. It would appear that the CAI program may be a good method of presenting recall cues to refresh field dependent student learning but not for the initial presentation of information. Both groups of students expressed advantages to the use of the CAI program but preferred traditional instructional methods of laboratory and lecture as their primary source of information. The quantitative part of this research was conducted with two intact classes and were evaluated as separate experiments. After administration of the GEFT, students were blocked and randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. Participants in the experimental group used the CAI program as a partial lab substitute in an ornamental horticulture class. Data indicated that the CAI program was of equal benefit to field dependent/independent students' academic achievement. These results showed that the CAI program could be used as a partial lab substitute for traditional laboratories with no adverse effect upon student academic achievement, regardless of their level of field dependency.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-28T16:59:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1999Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 89112
Lift date: Forever
Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only106 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999
Characterization of rf cylindrical magnetron plasmas and reactive ion etching of silicon/silicon dioxide: Its effect on radiation damage and contamination
No full textRadio Frequency (rf) cylindrical magnetron glow discharges of Ar, He, and CF\sb4 driven at 1.8MHz and 13.56MHz have been characterized using electrostatic probes, optical emission spectroscopy and optical actinometry. Also the etch rates and etch profiles of Si/SiO\sb2 for 13.56MHz were studied for various conditions in CF\sb4/H\sb2 and CHF\sb3 plasmas as a function of magnetic field strength. The degree of radiation damage and contamination generated during the etching was also investigated. A variety of effects were observed as the magnetic field strength, applied perpendicular to the electric field to trap electrons, was varied from 0 to 250G. As the magnetic field strength increased, the plasmas became more resistive and the dc self-bias voltage at 1.8MHz was much higher than at 13.56MHz. The measured time-averaged ion densities for Ar plasmas varied as a function of radial position between the two electrodes, from 1 10\sp9 cm\sp{-3} to 5 10\sp9 cm\sp{-3} at OG. At 200G, this variation was 1 10\sp{10} cm\sp{-3} to 3 10\sp{10} cm\sp{-3}. Furthermore, the position of the maximum in the ion densities shifted towards the powered electrode as the magnetic field strength increased. With CF\sb4/H\sb2 and CHF\sb3, the radical and ion densities increased almost linearly with increasing magnetic field strength and the self-bias voltages decreased exponentially from 1kV at OG to virtually no bias voltage at 250G while at constant power densities. The etch rates of Si and SiO\sb2 increased with increasing magnetic field strength until the threshold ion bombardment energy corresponding to a dc bias of about 50V was reached. Further increase of magnetic field strength decreased the etch rates. Also, near the highest etch rate conditions, the degree of contamination was minimum. Radiation damage monotonically decreased with increasing magnetic field strength, a consequence of the decrease in dc bias. Etch profiles changed from tapered to re-entrant profile with increasing magnetic field strength. Vertical etch profiles of Si and SiO\sb2 having 2m depth and 200nm line features were obtained near the highest etch rate conditions (faster than 250 nm/min) with little or no radiation damage and minimum contamination.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T11:54:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1989Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:34:11Z
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Study of muons associated with jets in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt.s = 1.8 TeV
No full textProduction of heavy quark flavors in proton-antiproton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 10\sp{12} electron volts is studied for events containing hadronic jets with a nearby muon track, where both the jet and the muon are produced at large angles from the incident beams. The muon tracking system and pattern recognition are described. Detailed calculations of the muon background due to meson decay and hadron noninteractive punchthrough are presented, and other background sources are evaluated. Distributions of muon transverse momentum relative to the beam and the jet axis agree with QCD expectations for semileptonic charm and beauty decay. Muon identification cuts and background subtraction leave 57.5 17.1 muon-jet pairs, a rate consistent with the established production cross sections for charm and beauty quarks and the acceptance for minimum ionizing particles overlapping with nearby jets. A small dimuon sample clarifies the muon signature. No signatures of undiscovered phenomena are observed in this new energy domain.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:43:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1989Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:44:58Z
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Desired outcomes of public elementary and secondary education in Illinois: A Delphi study
No full textCertain stakeholders in public education have significant influence on decisions to support the educational system. These stakeholders will support education if they believe it to be efficient. Efforts to determine school efficiency, however, require specification of the outcomes of the public schools. Identifying stakeholder expectations for the outcomes of schooling was the primary purpose of this study.Besides serving as a logical precursor to studying school efficiency, knowing influential stakeholders' expectations for the public schools will help clarify the picture of educational outcomes in Illinois. It will allow educators and policy makers to assess the congruence of the schools' products with stakeholders' outcome expectations. This will aid in determining school efficiency and in securing support for the educational system.To determine the primary outcomes of schooling in Illinois and their priority ranking, this study employed the Delphi method of inquiry. A panel finally consisting of 23 leaders of educational interest groups generated a list of 53 desired outcomes of public education in a first round questionnaire. Through a second round questionnaire, panelists reflected upon and prioritized responses made in the first round, reaching agreement on 16 of 53 responses. A third round questionnaire provided panel members with additional feedback to reconsider their previous ratings in order to reveal final priorities. By achieving consensus in the prioritizations, the panel identified 21 outcomes defined as the primary outcomes of public schooling in Illinois.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:40:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1990Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:57:46Z
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Computer-assisted evaluation of nationally collected turfgrass cultivar performance data
No full textThe research in this thesis is made up of three related studies, each concerned with improving turfgrass cultivar recommendations to end users and with matching turfgrass cultivars with the management and environmental conditions that best suit them.In the first study, a survey was sent to more than 300 turfgrass scientists, specialists, and teachers to answer several questions relating to turfgrass species and cultivar recommendations. Survey responses determined that experienced employees of seed producers and land grant universities, frequently breeders and extension specialists respectively, were significantly more responsible for making turfgrass species and cultivar recommendations than were other responding groups. Also, it was determined that these same employees were most responsible for making written turfgrass species and cultivar recommendations. Employees of seed producers often revised their recommendations annually, while employees of land grant universities normally revised their recommendations on a schedule of every two, three, or more years. Finally, employees of seed producers felt more confident in their turfgrass species and cultivar recommendations than did employees in other groups. It was also determined that survey respondents strongly agreed that using turfgrass species or cultivars appropriate to a site, use, and management level can reduce pesticide, water, and fertilizer inputs, and that they would use additional information about turfgrass species and cultivars if it were available.In the second study, protocol for using computer modeling to find relationships among turfgrass cultivar performance and the environments was developed and used to analyze performance data for 20 Kentucky bluegrass cultivars collected at 28 U.S. locations over a nine-year period. This analysis found relationships among cultivar performance and the environments and management conditions in which the cultivars were grown. This analysis found several relationships of interest. For example, computer analysis of this data found that 'Mystic' Kentucky bluegrass performed in the top group of evaluated bluegrasses when grown in acidic soils with low-to-moderate levels of phosphorus. These evaluations require further confirmation, but the analysis may be useful in guiding future field research.In the third study, results of computer modeling were compared with turfgrass expert knowledge to ascertain the usefulness of the computer output. First, there appeared to be a high degree of consistency among survey respondents. In general, respondent recommendations of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars for use in six different growing settings were in agreement. In addition, there was a high level of agreement among respondent perception of which management and environmental parameters may most influence Kentucky bluegrass cultivar performance. In general, respondents believed mowing height, irrigation, and nitrogen fertility levels had the most influence on all cultivars in the survey. Finally, there was generally little agreement between respondents and the computer-derived output. Computer output identified obscure relationships, while respondents often identified more obvious relationships such as mowing height, irrigation, and nitrogen fertility levels.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1995Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T15:07:16Z
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Thermodynamic properties of solid helium using an anharmonic anisotropic continuum model
No full textSubmitted by Carolyn Mead ([email protected]) on 2011-06-20T21:45:10Z
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Previous issue date: 1980Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Mead ([email protected]) on 2011-06-20T21:45:10Z
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Reliability and Mode Behavior of AlGaAs-GaAs-InGaAs Quantum Well Heterostructure Lasers
No full text"Data are presented on oxide-confined AlxGa1_xAs-GaAs quantum well heterostructures with oxide-AlxGa1_xAs distributed Bragg reflectors for electromagnetic confinement, showing the full range of reliability after 5+ years of hydrolyzation in ambient conditions of atmospheric water vapor and temperature. The evaluation after 5+ years shows that a quick ""sealing"" oxidation prevents destructive hydrolyzation. Data are presented on current-injected and photopumped vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. Transverse mode behavior depends upon the length of the cavity and the tailoring of the ends due to the scattering method used at the Fabry-Perot interface. Data are presented on ten-stripe AlxGa1_xAs-GaAs-InYGa1_YAs quantum well heterostructure edge-emitting lasers showing results of stochastic recoupling of the laser at the Fabry-Perot interface. Scattering by epoxy or oil embedded with Al20 3 polishing compound or 10-f..lm diameter AI powder results in increased current threshold and spatial and spectral broadening."Submitted by Carolyn Rauber ([email protected]) on 2012-01-19T22:22:34Z
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Previous issue date: 2001Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Rauber ([email protected]) on 2012-01-19T22:22:34Z
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N,N,2-methyl-l-naphthalenecarboxamides
No full textMade available in DSpace on 2014-03-20T21:45:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1991Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2014-03-20T21:51:01Z
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Reason: Theses restricted to UIUC community onlyTheses restricted to UIUC community onlyU of I OnlyThesis (B.S.) in Chemistry--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1991.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 21