Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Parenting styles, coparenting, and early child adjustment in separated families with child physical custody processes ongoing in family court
Get PDFAbstract: Coparenting conflict and triangulation after separation or divorce are associated with
poorer child adjustment when parenting gatekeeping and conflict occur. Fewer studies reported
psychosocial adjustment of children under three. We explored the effects of authoritarian and
permissive parenting styles and negative coparenting on child adjustment in a purpose sample of
207 Portuguese newly separated/divorced parents (50.2% mothers/49.8% fathers) with sole or joint
(49.8%/50.2%) physical custody processes ongoing in court. Parents filled out the Parenting Styles
Questionnaire—Parents’ report, the Coparenting Questionnaire, and the Strengths and Difficulties
Questionnaire. Parenting and coparenting moderations path analysis to predict child adjustment
were tested for two groups (2/3-year-old child/>3-year-old-child) and showed a good fit, followed
by multigroup path analysis with similarities. Findings suggest harsh parenting and interparental
conflict and triangulation as predictors for poor early child adjustment. The ongoing custody process
could contribute to increased interparental conflict. The families’ unique functioning, parenting, and
conflict should be considered in young children custody decisions made in a particularly stressful
period when the parental responsibilities’ process is still ongoing and conflict may increase to serve
the best interest of the child and promote healthy development. Future directions and practical
implications are discussed.Fundação para a Ciencia e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
How do older portuguese and mexican adults experience their sexual well-being? A cross-cultural qualitative study
Get PDFSexual well-being (SWB) refers to the subjective emotional and cognitive evaluation of the quality of the individual’s sexuality.
SWB plays a relevant role in quality of life and health promotion on old age and has cross-cultural implications. In addition
to the scarcity of in-depth qualitative studies in this area and studies with cross-cultural samples, no studies have compared
perceptions of SWB among Portuguese and Mexican older adults. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze perspectives
on SWB among older adults residing in Portugal and Mexico. Data were collected from 86 Portuguese and 80 Mexican
community-dwelling participants aged 65 years and older, using a semi-structured interview protocol. Older adults were asked
about factors that significantly contribute to their SWB. Sociodemographic data were also gathered. Content analysis was used
to identify key themes. Eight themes were identified across both studied samples: eroticism, supportive relationship, positive
self-concept, health and self-care, romance, active life, tenderness and care, and no pain and no pregnancy restrictions. Eroticism
was most pertinent to Portuguese participants (31.4%). Health and self-care was most frequently reported by Mexican
participants (26.5%). The findings of this study indicate that SWB is strongly influenced by sociocultural and psychosocial
values. Cross-cultural comparisons between older Portuguese and Mexican people provide a broader understanding of SWB
in older age and suggest a scenario for future culture-adapted interventions and comprehensive policies.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The relationship between Inclusion climate and voice behaviors beyond social exchange obligation: The role of psychological needs satisfaction
Get PDFSeveral studies have identified a work environment that promotes inclusiveness as a
significant predictor of affiliative organizational citizenship behavior or OCB (such as helping),
whereas not much research has focused on inclusion and challenging OCB (i.e., voice). Moreover, no
previous studies have explored the above-mentioned relationship in the light of self-determination
theory (SDT), given that social exchange theory has traditionally been used as the main explanatory
mechanism. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to test the mediating role of basic
psychological needs satisfaction in the relationship between inclusion climate, promotive voice
and prohibitive voice. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires administered to
246 employees of an international company operating in the service industry. Structural equation
modelling was used to analyze the data utilizing R software. Results showed that satisfaction of
the needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness partially mediated the relationship between
inclusion climate and promotive and prohibitive voice, therefore supporting the idea that social
exchange might not be the only determinant for employees to engage in voice behavior. Most
importantly, those findings underline how a truly inclusive workplace needs to fulfil its employees’
basic needs of behaving volitionally, feeling effective and connecting meaningfully; this would
motivate the workers to voice their suggestions and concerns.FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Revisão sistemática sobre a relação entre a PHDA e as competências de leitura e escrita em crianças do primeiro ciclo
No full textDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade
de Psicologia educacionalObjetivo: O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar as relações entre as
dificuldades de leitura, escrita e perturbação da hiperatividade e défice de atenção(PHDA) em
crianças do primeiro ciclo. Para tal, foram estudados os principais mecanismos de leitura e escrita,
sendo estes a velocidade leitora(VL), precisão leitora(PL), compreensão leitora(C), precisão
ortográfica(PO) e expressão escrita. Metodologia: como metodologia utilizada recorreu-se a uma
revisão sistemática da presente literatura com recursos às linhas orientadoras do PRISMA, seguindo
critérios de inclusão e exclusão claros. A pesquisa foi realizada com recurso a bases de dados e
revistas eletrónicas, restringindo-se a artigos de língua portuguesa e inglesa que tivessem sido
publicados num período de 10 anos, a iniciar-se em janeiro de 2010 a janeiro de 2021. Resultados:
após a avaliação de todos os estudos recolhidos apenas foram selecionados 19 estudos onde o
número total de participantes avaliados varia entre os 29 e os 100, tendo uma média geral de idades
de 10,5 anos. Todos os estudos selecionados, apresentaram uma relação forte com a PHDA.
Contudo, a consciência fonológica demonstra-se a mais preponderante para que estas crianças se
tornem leitores hábeis, demonstrando fragilidades quando é relacionada com a extensão da palavra
e tarefas cognitivamente exigentes, estas dificuldades afetaram a velocidade leitora, a precisão
leitora, compreensão e a precisão ortográfica. A expressão escrita, mostrou, também, uma relação
forte, nesta população, com lacunas em muitos dos mecanismos pedidos para que as crianças se
tornem escritores hábeis.The purpose of the present study was to analyze the relationship between difficulties with
reading, writing and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children in primary school,
to analyze this impairment was necessary to study access the principal mechanisms of writing and
reading that are reding velocity, reading accuracy, compression, writing accuracy and writing
expression. The methodology we did was a systematic review of the current literature in electronic
databases and scientific studies published in Portuguese and English within 10 years starting in
January of 2010 and ending in January of 2021. The process of analyzing this data was based on
criteria of inclusion and exclusion to resort to guidelines of Prisma. From this analysis, we end up
with 19 studies with a variable of participation between 29 and 100 with a media of ages of 11
years. After analyzing all the studies the difficulties that had a major relationship with PHDA were
the conscious awareness in the number of extension of words and when the tasks were cognitively
difficult. This mechanism affected the others 4. The writing expression was another mechanism
that had a strong relation with ADHD, the results demonstrate that these kids are missing the
majority of mechanisms that writing asks and for that are at risk of being poorer writers.
Key-words: Difficulties, Reading, Writing, PHDA, Systematic revie
Impacto psicológico na arbitragem: o efeito moderador da ansiedade-estado na relação entre o estilo de tomada de decisão intuitivo e o desempenho dos árbitros de futebol e futsal portugueses
No full textDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no
ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das
Organizações.O objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender se as variáveis Tomada de Decisão
Intuitiva e Desempenho se relacionavam e se estas seriam moderadas pela variável Ansiedade-
Estado.
A amostra foi composta por 398 árbitros portugueses, de idades compreendidas entre os
16 e os 58 anos (M=29.82; DP=8.34), sendo 350 (87.9%) do sexo masculino e 48 (12.1%) do
sexo feminino; quanto às modalidades 302 (75,9%) arbitram futebol e 96 arbitram futsal
(24,1%).
Os instrumentos utilizados para trabalhar as variáveis em estudo foram o Rational‐
Experiential Inventory (REI‐40), para avaliar o estilo de tomada de decisão; a Sport Anxiety
Scale-2 (SAS-2), para avaliar o nível de ansiedade; e o Questionário de Perceção de
Rendimento Desportivo para avaliar o rendimento percebido.
Nos resultados podemos concluir que as duas primeiras hipóteses foram corroboradas –
relação direta entre Intuição e Desempenho e relação direta entre Ansiedade e Desempenho –
ao contrário da última que não se corroborou – a Ansiedade não modera a relação entre Intuição
e Desempenho.
Devido à não corroboração da última hipótese foi realizada uma análise complementar
– Ansiedade como mediadora da relação entre Intuição e Desempenho – que foi corroborada.
Foram também realizadas análises de comparação entre grupos entre as três variáveis e
o Nível de Arbitragem.The aim of this study was to understand if the variables Intuitive Decision-Making and
Performance were related and whether these would be moderated by the variable State-Anxiety.
The sample was composed by 398 Portuguese referees, aged between 16 and 58 years
old (M=29.82; SD=8.34), being 350 (87.9%) male and 48 (12.1%) female; 302 (75.9%) football
referees and 96 futsal referees (24.1%).
The instruments used to work the variables under this study were: the Rational-
Experiential Inventory (REI-40) to assess the decision-making style; the Sport Anxiety Scale-
2 (SAS-2) to assess the level of anxiety; and the Sport Performance Perception Questionnaire
(SPPQ) to assess perceived performance.
From the results we can conclude that the first two hypotheses were corroborated - direct
relationship between Intuition and Performance and direct relationship between Anxiety and
Performance. On the contrary, the last hypothesis was not corroborated - Anxiety does not
moderate the relationship between Intuition and Performance.
Due to the non-corroboration of the last hypothesis a complementary analysis - Anxiety
as a mediator of the relationship between Intuition and Performance - was performed and
corroborated.
Intragroup comparison analysis was also conducted between the three variables and the
Level of Arbitration
Práticas de escrita e de leitura no 1º ano de escolaridadade segundo o modelo do movimento da escola moderna: o trabalho de texto
No full textRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentada no
ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre
em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino
BásicoO presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e
Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, na Unidade Curricular de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada.
A investigação ocorreu num estabelecimento de Ensino Particular e Cooperativo, da
rede privada, e incidiu numa turma do primeiro ano do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, com quinze
crianças, seis do sexo masculino e nove do sexo feminino, maioritariamente residentes na área
da Grande Lisboa.
Os professores da instituição regem-se pelo modelo do Movimento da Escola Moderna,
em que as práticas de leitura e escrita se destacaram em sala pela sua presença constante e em
situações muito diversificadas, representando a escrita nas suas várias funções, sendo o trabalho
de texto um dos principais momentos de exploração destas práticas. Teve-se como principal
objetivo perceber quais os aspetos trabalhados nos momentos coletivos de trabalho de texto, e
respetivas aprendizagens, bem como a relação das crianças com a escrita e a leitura, neste modelo
pedagógico.
A metodologia utilizada foi de natureza qualitativa, recorrendo-se a uma observação
direta e participante, tendo como instrumentos de investigação registos do diário de bordo e do
portefólio, entrevistas, registos fotográficos e gravações e transcrição das interações referentes
a momentos de trabalho de texto.
A informação recolhida, e respetiva análise, permitiu um conhecimento mais aprofundado
das práticas de escrita e leitura em sala, bem como das perceções das crianças acerca
destes aspetos, identificando as principais aprendizagens e vantagens do trabalho de texto para
o desenvolvimento das crianças, a nível da língua.The current report was conceived within the scope of the Master’s Degree in Pre School
and Primary Education, in the curricular unit of Supervised Teaching Practice.
The investigation occurred in an establishment of Particular and Cooperative Education,
of the private network, and focused on a first grade class of the Primary Education, composed
by fifteen children, six of which were female and nine were male, the majority of which lived
in the area of Great Lisbon.
The institution´s teachers are ruled by the model of the Modern Education Movement,
in which the practices of reading have a constant presence in the classroom, representing writing
and its various functions, being the redaction work one of the main moments of exploration
in these practices. The main goal was to understand which were the aspects being worked on
during these collective moments of redaction work and the respective learning, and to explore
the relationships between children and writing and reading, in this pedagogical model.
The methodology applied was of qualitative nature, having chosen a direct and participant
observation, and having as instruments of investigation logbook and portfolio’s registers,
interviews, photographic registers and recordings and transcriptions of interactions within moments
of writing work.
The information gathered and its analysis allowed a more profound knowledge of the
writing and reading practices in the classroom, as well as of the perception of children regarding
these aspects, identifying some of the main learned skills and advantages of redaction work on
the children’s development regarding the language
Attitudes toward Lesbians, Gay Men, and their rights in a sample of ecuadorian cisgender men and women
Get PDFSince 1997, Ecuador has undergone a series of changes to ensure family rights to sexual minorities. However, there is still limited research regarding attitudes toward them. This study focused on the attitudes toward lesbians (L), gay men (G), and their rights. A sample of 318 cisgender Ecuadorians who responded to an online survey was recruited. Analyses indicated that men, heterosexuals, who practice their religion, attend more frequently to religious services, and identify as conservative showed higher levels of prejudice against LG as well as less support toward their rights. Further, participants who did not have LG acquaintances, friends, family members, and those who did not know any LG parented family showed less support toward these populations. Multiple regression analyses indicated that believing that a person’s sexual orientation is learned significantly predicted the attitudes measured in our study. Implications of these findings to help reduce prejudice against LG individuals are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Homosexuality is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Impacto dos fatores psicológicos na qualidade de vida de doentes com cancro metastático
Get PDFDissertação de mestrado apresentada no
ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau
de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da Saúde.Introdução: Os doentes com cancro metastático enfrentam desafios únicos relacionados à doença, sendo que a manutenção da qualidade de vida é essencial para os mesmos. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender qual impacto dos fatores psicológicos na qualidade de vida em doentes com cancro metastático, mais concretamente, avaliar a relação entre o stress, a ansiedade e a depressão na qualidade de vida.
Método: A amostra é constituída por 210 doentes (M = 65,89 anos; DP = 12,19) com cancro metastático assistidos no Hospital dos Capuchos do Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. Para a mensuração dos constructos, foram utilizados o Questionário Breve de Qualidade de Vida, a Escala de Stress Percebido, e a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar.
Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam uma correlação significativa e negativa entre o stress, a ansiedade e a depressão com a qualidade de vida. Quanto aos modelos explicativos da qualidade de vida, todos eles foram significativos, no entanto apenas o domínio Psicológico apresentou uma variância explicada acima dos 50% (F (3,206) = 84,17; p ≤ 0,001) sendo que o stress (β = -0,35; p ≤ 0,001), ansiedade (β = -0,24; p = 0,002) e depressão (β = -0,24; p = 0,002) são os principais preditores da qualidade de vida.
Conclusão: Os doentes com cancro metastático apresentam níveis moderados de stress, ansiedade e depressão, apesar de revelarem uma boa qualidade de vida. Evidencia-se a importância da avaliação dos fatores psicológicos aquando da intervenção para a promover a qualidade de vida, nestes doentes.Introduction: Patients with metastatic cancer face unique disease-related challenges and maintaining quality of life is essential for them. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of psychological factors on quality of life in patients with metastatic cancer, more specifically, to evaluate the relationship between stress, anxiety and depression on quality of life.
Method: The sample was composed of 210 patients (M = 65.89 years; SD = 12.19) with metastatic cancer assisted at Hospital dos Capuchos of the Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central. To measure the constructs, the Brief Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used.
Results: The results show a significant and negative correlation between stress, anxiety, and depression with quality of life. As for the explanatory models of quality of life, all of them were significant, however only the Psychological domain showed an explained variance above 50% (F (3,206) = 84.17; p ≤ 0.001) with stress (β = -0.35; p ≤ 0.001), anxiety (β = -0.24; p = 0.002) and depression (β = -0.24; p = 0.002) being the main predictors of quality of life.
Conclusion: Patients with metastatic cancer have moderate levels of stress, anxiety and depression, despite showing a good quality of life. The importance of assessing psychological factors when intervening to promote quality of life in these patients is evident
A espiritualidade em educação de infância: Como vivem as crianças a sua espiritualidade?
Get PDFRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar, criado por Aviso n.º 9931/2017, publicado no Diário da República, 2.ª série, n. º165, de 28 de agosto de 2017.Este relatório surge no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Prática Supervisionada em Jardim de Infância, integrada no Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar (EPE) conducente ao grau de Mestre em EPE do ISPA-Instituto Universitário.
A Prática Supervisionada em Jardim de Infância decorreu numa instituição de cariz privado e católico, numa sala com um grupo de crianças de 3 anos.
O presente estudo sobre a espiritualidade em Educação de Infância, enraíza-se numa problemática intrínseca e motivacional que se adequa ao Projeto Educativo da instituição.
As questões de partida nasceram da minha necessidade em aprofundar conhecimentos relacionados com a espiritualidade na infância, nomeadamente na prática docente nesta dimensão humana.
O estudo teve por base uma metodologia qualitativa, recorrendo a instrumentos de pesquisa, nomeadamente à observação e a entrevistas que ajudaram a compreender melhor a expressão da espiritualidade nos contextos práticos de Educação de Infância.
Com os dados recolhidos e com as leituras efetuadas e sintetizadas no enquadramento conceptual consegui adquirir e aprofundar conhecimentos teórico-práticos relacionados com intervenção do Educador de Infância na área em questão.
Destacam-se a importância da capacidade de observação e de escuta, a sensibilidade e a promoção do tempo e do espaço a cada criança, para que se sinta segura potenciando confiança e bem-estar. O acróstico definido por Nye (2019) - S.P.I.R.I.T. - que estabelece seis critérios para o trabalho diário do/a Educador/a de Infância com as crianças visando potenciar a sua espiritualidade, foi essencial para ajudar a concretizar a intencionalidade educativa que permite atribuir sentido fundamentado à ação pedagógica.This report is part of the Curricular Unit of Supervised Practice in Kindergarten that integrates the master’s degree in Pre-school Education (PSE) leading to the degree of Master in PSE of ISPA-Instituto Universitário.
The supervised practice in kindergarten took place in a private and catholic institution with a group of 3-year-old children.
This study on spirituality in Early Childhood Education is rooted in an intrinsic and motivational problem that fits the internship context.
Opening questions arose from my need to deepen knowledge related to spirituality, as well as to the teaching practice within this human dimension.
The study was based on a qualitative methodology, using as research tools, namely observation and interviews which helped to better understand the expression of spirituality in the practical life contexts of the professionals and the children.
With the data collected and the readings carried out and summarised in the conceptual framework, I was able to deepen my knowledge on the subject under study related to the intervention of the Early Childhood Educator in the area in question.
Final considerations highlight the importance of observation and listening skills, sensitivity and the promotion of time and space for each child, so that they can feel safe, boosting confidence and well-being. The acrostic defined by Nye (2019) - S.P.I.R.I.T. - which establishes six criteria for the daily work of the Early Childhood Educator with children aiming at enhancing their spirituality, was essential to help concretize the educational intentionality that allows a meaningful pedagogical action
O impacto da pandemia pela COVID-19 nos adolescentes e jovens : revisão crítica da literatura
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado realizado sob a orientação do Sr. Prof. Doutor José Henrique Pinheiro Ornelas, apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário, para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Comunitária.presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão crítica da literatura, sobre o impacto e os efeitos da pandemia causada pela COVID-19, junto de adolescentes e jovens, quer a nível nacional como internacional.
Com o intuito de sumarizar os seus principais resultados e servir de base para investigações futuras foi, primeiramente, realizada uma análise das palavras-chave consideradas relevantes para o estudo, considerando alguns desafios pré-pandémicos já existentes, agrupados em três categorias distintas: educação e emprego, questões sociais e participação comunitária, e saúde mental.
Cumprindo com o objetivo proposto, foram selecionados e analisados 46 artigos e relatórios com base nas mesmas três categorias atribuídas, entre abril e novembro de 2020, onde se pretendeu conhecer e explorar quais os aspetos e fatores mais impactantes e desafiantes que esta pandemia está a causar nas vidas dos adolescentes e jovens.
Destaca-se a relevância desta temática para a compreensão e preparação das comunidades em geral, com particular enfoque para os profissionais das áreas da educação, do apoio psicossocial e da saúde, dado tratar-se de um fenómeno mundial sem precedentes na história moderna, com contornos multifacetados e complexos, mas de enorme importância para uma maior compreensão do desenvolvimento e dos papéis interventivos dos adolescentes e dos jovens, no mundo atual.This study aims to present a critical review of the literature on the impact and effects of the pandemic, caused by COVID-19, among adolescents and youth, both nationally and internationally.
In order to summarize its main findings and serve as a basis for future research, an analysis of key words considered relevant to the study was first conducted, considering some existing pre-pandemic challenges, grouped into three distinct categories: education and employment, social issues and community participation, and mental health.
In keeping with the proposed objective, 46 articles and reports were selected and analyzed based on the same three categories assigned, between april and november 2020, where it was intended to know and explore which aspects and factors are more impacting and challenging that this pandemic is causing in the lives of adolescents and young people.
The relevance of this theme is highlighted for the understanding and preparation of communities in general, with particular focus on professionals in the areas of education, psychosocial support and health, since this is a world unprecedented phenomenon in modern history, with multifaceted and complex outlines, but of enormous importance for a greater understanding of the development and intervening roles of adolescents and youth in today's world