Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Andropause representations: A mixed-methods study with portuguese women
No full textUma vez que os fatores psicossociais têm algum impacto sobre a andropausa, e esse
fenómeno pode afetar as relações conjugais (e as mulheres tendem a procurar informação sobre
saúde), torna-se importante estudar as representações da andropausa empregando o Modelo de Senso Comum – um modelo usado para entender as representações de menopausa. Este estudo teve como
objetivo avaliar as representações de mulheres portuguesas sobre a andropausa, a adequação do
modelo de senso comum para explicar essas representações e explorar as diferenças entre
participantes com diferentes características (e.g., nível de escolaridade), em relação às representações
da andropausa. Trinta mulheres foram entrevistas e posteriormente as entrevistas foram analisadas
através da análise de conteúdo qualitativa dirigida. Uma análise de correspondência múltipla explorou
a associação entre as categorias emergentes. Os testes U de Mann-Whitney foram realizados para
testar as diferenças em relação à frequência das categorias emergentes. A Identidade indefinida foi a
característica mais citada em relação à Identidade, enquanto que a Função Sexual foi a Consequência
Negativa mais mencionada; poucas Consequências Positivas foram mencionadas, sendo a Ausência
de consequências positivas e a Falta de informação as mais frequentes. Foram encontrados dois
modelos bidimensionais – um para a Identidade da Andropausa: (1) Mudanças relacionadas com o
envelhecimento e (2) Mudanças sexuais/Falta de informação; a outra para Consequências Negativas:
(1) Sintomas/Problemas de saúde e (2) Depressão/Falta de informação. Não foram encontradas
diferenças na frequência das representações da andropausa entre mulheres com características
diferentes (e.g., com um relacionamento romântico vs. sem um relacionamento romântico). A
adequação do Modelo de Senso Comum para explicar as representações da andropausa dessas
mulheres não diferiu entre os participantes com características distintas. Esta investigação pode ajudar
os profissionais de saúde a desenvolverem intervenções mais compreensivas (com base neste modelo
teórico), a fim de ajudar os casais a compreender e lidar melhor com a andropausa.ABSTRACT: Since psychosocial factors have some impact on andropause, and this phenomenon
can affect conjugal relationships (and women tend to be health information seekers) it becomes
important to study the representations of andropause using the Common-Sense Model – a model used
to understand the representations of menopause. This research aimed to assess Portuguese women’s
representations of andropause, the suitability of the Common-Sense Model in explaining those
representations, and to explore differences among participants with different characteristics (e.g.,
level of education), regarding andropause representations. Interviews to 30 women were analysed
(directed qualitative content analysis). A multiple correspondence analysis explored the association
between the emergent categories. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to test differences regarding
the frequency of emergent categories. Undefined identity was the most frequently mentioned feature
regarding andropause Identity, whereas Sexual Function was the most mentioned Negative
Consequence; few Positive Consequences were mentioned, being the Absence of positives
consequences and the Lack of information the most frequent ones. Two bidimensional models were
found - one for Identity of andropause: (1) Aging related changes, and (2) Sexual changes/lack of
information; the other for Negative Consequences: (1) Symptoms/health problems, and (2)
Depression/lack of information. No differences were found in the frequency of andropause
representations between women with different characteristics (e.g., with a romantic relationship vs.
without a romantic relationship). The suitability of the Common-Sense Model to explain these
women’s andropause representations did not differ among participants with distinctive
characteristics. This research may help healthcare professionals to develop comprehensive
interventions (based on this theoretical model) in order to help couples to better understand and cope
with andropause.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Implementação de um programa de tutoria entre pares com alunos do 1º ano do 1.º CEB . análise das interações e perceção dos benefícios
Get PDFRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentada no ISPA – Instituo Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, criado por Aviso n. º11548/2020, publicado no Diário da República, 2.ª série, n.º 153, de 7 de Agosto.O presente relatório teve como base o estágio realizado numa sala do 1.º ano, do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, numa instituição privada. Neste contexto foi implementado um trabalho regular de tutoria entre pares, para dar resposta às dificuldades e falta de tempo que as crianças mostravam ter para finalizar os trabalhos que lhes eram pedidos. Deste modo, foi realizada uma investigação que explorou as interações entre pares ocorridas em momentos de tutoria, implementados na sala, e tentou ainda compreender a perceção da turma e da professora titular sobre esta forma de trabalho. Assim sendo, a temática principal deste relatório consistiu na tutoria entre pares, como uma forma de aprendizagem ativa e colaborativa, onde dois alunos trabalham em conjunto.
De forma a descrever as interações entre pares e a perceção das entidades envolvidas, foi utilizada uma investigação de metodologia qualitativa, recorrendo, como os principais instrumentos de recolha de dados, a entrevistas semiestruturadas e a grelhas de observação. A análise e interpretação dos dados obtidos permitiram identificar duas principais vantagens que os alunos e a professora reconheceram nesta forma de trabalhar e verificaram também a existência de alguns aspetos que influenciam a interação entre pares.
Esta investigação promoveu um maior conhecimento sobre a estratégia de tutoria entre pares, como uma forma de aprendizagem ativa e cooperativa. Por via da sua implementação foi possível compreender melhor as vantagens e obstáculos envolvidos neste processoThe present report was based on the internship conducted in a 1st-grade classroom, from the 1st cycle of basic education, in a private institution. In this context, a regular peer tutoring program was implemented to address the difficulties and lack of time that the children showed to have in finishing the work they were asked to do. Thus, an investigation was conducted to explore the interactions between peers during peer tutoring moments, implemented in the classroom, and to understand the perception of the class and the head teacher about this form of work. Therefore, the main theme of this report was peer tutoring as a form of active and collaborative learning, where two students work together.
In order to describe peer interactions and the perception of the entities involved, it was applied a qualitative research methodology, using semi-structured interviews and observation grids as the main data collection tools. The analysis and interpretation of the data obtained allowed us to identify two main advantages, which the students and the teacher recognized in this way of working and allowed us to verify the existence of some aspects that influence the interaction between peers.
This research promoted a deeper knowledge about the peer tutoring strategy, as a form of active and cooperative learning. Through its implementation it was possible to gain a better understanding of the advantages and obstacles involved in this process
The psychological impact of restorative justice practices on victims of crimes—a systematic review
Get PDFBackground: Restorative justice emerges as a theoretical-practical approach to the criminal legal system, in which the reparation
of damage of the victim is a central point. However, the growing empirical production referring to the effects of this approach on
victims is sometimes shown to be weakened or dispersed, focusing mainly on their satisfaction. Objective: The present work
intended to systematically evaluate the empirical production of the restorative justice field, to aggregate and examine information in the literature regarding the psychological impacts on victims who participated in restorative practices. Methods: A
search was made using electronic databases to identify quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies, published between
January 2000 and December 2020 that reported psychological impacts on real victims of crimes, who participated in mediations/
conferences victim–offender. Results: 35 studies were identified as focusing on the psychological impacts on victims resulting
from restorative practices. These studies have shown effects on post-traumatic symptomatology, on the emotions and
emotional needs resulted from victimization, as well as on the victims’ perceptions of their offenders. Conclusions: The present
research showed that restorative justice practices have a positive psychological impact on victims, who are frequently forgotten
in conventional justice, and that some of these impacts persist over time.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Validação da Escala Revisada de Crença no Mundo Justo com base em Ditados Populares
Get PDFAbstract: The development of measures that assess individual differences in the Belief in a Just World plays an important role in advancing research in this area. The intent of this article was to validate a new version of the Belief in a Just World Scale based on Popular Sayings (BJWPS), proposing that this measure may be an alternative to the original scale. For this, two studies were developed: Study 1 (N=160) aimed to presenting psychometric evidence for a new version of the BJWPS scale through an exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 (N=144) aimed to verify the goodness-of-fit of the proposed measurement model using confirmatory factor analysis. Results of the two studies indicated a single-factor structure that assesses BJW, which corroborates the theoretical frameworks of the BJW scales. Together, the results allow us to conclude that the BJWPS presented satisfactory psychometric indexes.Resumo: O desenvolvimento de medidas que avaliam as diferenças individuais da crença no mundo justo desempenha um papel importante no avanço da pesquisa nesta área. O objetivo deste artigo foi validar uma nova versão da Escala Crença em um Mundo Justo baseada em Ditados Populares (CMJDP), propondo que esta medida possa ser uma alternativa à escala original. Para isso, foram desenvolvidos dois estudos: Estudo 1 (N=160) teve como objetivo apresentar evidências psicométricas para uma nova versão da escala CMJDP por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória. O Estudo 2 (N=144) teve como objetivo verificar a adequação da proposta ao modelo de medição usando análise fatorial confirmatória. Os resultados dos dois estudos indicaram uma estrutura unifatorial que avalia a CMJ, o que corrobora os referenciais teóricos das escalas da CMJ. Juntos, os resultados permitem concluir que a CMJDP apresentou índices psicométricos satisfatórios.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The Achieved Capabilities Questionnaire for Community Mental Health (ACQ‐CMH): a consumer‐based measure for the evaluation of community mental health interventions
Get PDFThe capabilities approach offers a multidimensional, ecological, and agent‐
centered framework that may inspire models of intervention and evaluation. A
growing number of measures grounded on the capabilities approach for outcome
measurement are appearing. Regarding community mental health, new
consumer‐valued measures—constructed in collaboration with consumers—are
here considered crucial for a transformative shift. Meanwhile, new measurements
need to provide psychometric evidence to enable proper choice and application. The Achieved Capabilities Questionnaire for Community Mental Health
(ACQ‐CMH) was developed in collaboration with consumers of community
mental health services. It aims to assess consumers' capabilities achieved through
program support. The present paper shows advancements in the measure
validation through a confirmatory factor analysis within a sample of community
mental health consumers (N = 225). Reliability and construct‐related validity were
also observed. A structural solution composed of five factors and 43 items
revealed a better model fit than that obtained in a previous exploratory study.
Findings support the reliability, sensibility, and both convergent and discriminant
validity of using the ACQ‐CMH in the evaluation of community mental health
interventions. The ACQ‐CMH offers a consumer‐valued framework with specific
dimensions and indicators of capabilities for use in a routine service evaluation
setting.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Students’ motivation for a sustainable career in the hospitality industry in Portugal
Get PDFBased on the intersection between Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 “Quality Education” and SDG 8 “Decent Work and Economic Growth”, the main purpose of this study, framed
by the self-determination theory, was to identify the relationship between the factors that motivate
students to pursue a career in the hospitality and tourism industry and their commitment to the
university and to their program, guaranteeing a more sustainable career. Methodologically, a survey
was used to assess students’ perceptions about their commitment to conclude their BA academic
program and their time at university, and to identify the types of motivation to pursue a future
career in hospitality and tourism. The study took place, with the participation of 305 students, in
one of the leading Portugal universities in hospitality and tourism. By leveraging the structural
equation modelling technique, we tested how extrinsic and intrinsic motivations for a career in the
hospitality and tourism industry contribute to the commitment to the program and the university.
Results suggested that students’ commitment to remain in the university and their commitment to
conclude their BA program are mainly associated with introjected motivation. This study highlights
the need to study higher education systems to boost sustainable human resources management,
mainly creating bridges between education systems and industry to allow individuals to have more
sustainable careers.Based on the intersection between Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 “Quality Education” and SDG 8 “Decent Work and Economic Growth”, the main purpose of this study, framed by the self-determination theory, was to identify the relationship between the factors that motivate students to pursue a career in the hospitality and tourism industry and their commitment to the university and to their program, guaranteeing a more sustainable career. Methodologically, a survey was used to assess students’ perceptions about their commitment to conclude their BA academic program and their time at university, and to identify the types of motivation to pursue a future career in hospitality and tourism. The study took place, with the participation of 305 students, in one of the leading Portugal universities in hospitality and tourism. By leveraging the structural equation modelling technique, we tested how extrinsic and intrinsic motivations for a career in the hospitality and tourism industry contribute to the commitment to the program and the university. Results suggested that students’ commitment to remain in the university and their commitment to conclude their BA program are mainly associated with introjected motivation. This study highlights the need to study higher education systems to boost sustainable human resources management, mainly creating bridges between education systems and industry to allow individuals to have more sustainable careersinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
What are the motives underlying Brazilians' food choices? An analysis of the Food Choice Questionnaire and its relationship with different sample characteristics
Get PDFABSTRACT: The first aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ)—using the original model—in a sample of 1480 Brazilian adults (69.5% female). The second aim was to rank the reasons underlying the participants' food choices using average FCQ scores and 95% confidence interval. The third aim was to evaluate the relationship between food choice motives and sample characteristics using multiple logistic regression and odds ratios. The validity, the invariance across different groups, and the reliability of the FCQ were confirmed for the sample. Sensory appeal and price emerged as the most important reasons, while ethical concern was the least valued. The factors associated with greater odds of choosing food for specific reasons were being older, female, and a student; practicing physical activity; dieting frequently; self-rating eating quality as good; having a higher body mass index; and having low income.
Practical Applications
Assessing food choice is a complex task, as it encompasses several factors, such as sensory characteristics, health status, income, culture, lifestyle, and cognitive-affective issues; therefore, the use of appropriate tools should be encouraged. The set analyses followed confirmed that the FCQ was an adequate instrument to evaluate the reasons for food choice of the participants who valued strongly the sensory aspects of the foods and presented specific characteristics (e.g., diet practice) that may influence their decisions. These findings may guide future research and clinical interventions aimed at producing food choices that are more oriented to health and well-being.FAPESPinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Setting performance indicators for coastal marine protected areas: An expert-based methodology
Get PDFMarine Protected Areas (MPAs) require effective indicators to assess their performance, in
compliance with the goals of relevant national and international commitments. Achieving
and prioritizing shortlists of multidisciplinary indicators demands a significant effort from
specialists to depict the multiple conservation and socioeconomic interests, and the large
complexity of natural systems. The present paper describes a structured expert-based
methodology (process and outputs) to co-define a list of multidisciplinary MPA
performance indicators. This work was promoted by the management authority of
coastal MPAs in mainland Portugal to gather a consensual and feasible list of indicators
that would guide the design of a future national monitoring program. Hence, Portuguese
coastal MPAs served as a case study to develop such a process between 2019 and 2020.
In the end, participants (1) agreed on a shortlist of prioritized indicators (i.e., environmental,
governance, and socioeconomic indicators) and (2) defined minimum monitoring
frequencies for the indicators in this list, compatible with the potential replicability of the
associated survey methods. The present approach recommends that management plans
incorporate monitoring procedures and survey methods, with a validated list of indicators
and associated monitoring periodicity, agreed among researchers, MPA managers and
governance experts. The proposed methodology, and the lessons learned from it, can
support future processes aiming to define and prioritize MPA performance indicatorsFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT, European Maritime and
Fisheries Fund (EMFF)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
14º Congresso Nacional de Psicologia da Saúde : psicologia e saúde em tempos de crise
No full textA Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicologia da Saúde (SPPS), em colaboração com a Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades da Universidade da Madeira, realiza o 14º Congresso Nacional de Psicologia da Saúde, de 8 a 10 de Setembro de 2022, nas instalações da Universidade da Madeira, na cidade do Funchal, na Ilha da Madeira, Portugal.
Subordinado ao tema Psicologia e Saúde em Tempos de Crise, este congresso, teve este ano a necessidade de abandonar a sua data habitual do início do ano civil e realizar-se antes do início do ano letivo, exatamente em função da situação pandémica que nos tolheu movimentos e deslocações durante estes últimos dois anos.
É pois com enorme prazer que este ano nos encontramos na bela ilha da Madeira para repetir o formato dos nossos congressos: três dias em que decorrem conferências convidadas e apresentações simultâneas em simpósio, orais ou escritas. Este ano ao formato presencial, acrescentou-se a possibilidade de acesso on-line, numa estreia que é fruto dos tempos.
Os congressos nacionais de Psicologia da Saúde organizam-se a cada dois anos e têm como objetivo último a apresentação do “estado da arte” da investigação, das práticas e também das perspetivas teóricas desta área de conhecimento. Neste sentido privilegia-se a apresentação de comunicações e a discussão, o contacto e a troca de opiniões e de experiências entre os participantes.
Como habitualmente publica-se o livro de atas do congresso que reúne um número interessante de comunicações a serem apresentadas nos dias subsequentes e que fica disponível no site da SPPS no primeiro dia do congresso.
Ficarão igualmente disponíveis, mas na edição da Revista oficial da SPPS, Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, os textos apresentados a congresso e selecionados pelo júri dos prémios “jovem investigador de mérito” e “investigador de mérito”.
Numa altura histórica para a Humanidade com eventos que a “obrigam” a renascer, a renovar e a adaptar, este congresso pretende ser um momento de partilha de como a Psicologia da Saúde é fundamental em tempos de crise. Esperamos por isso que este congresso seja enriquecedor e possa trazer novos contributos para o campo da Psicologia da Saúde.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Variation of blubber thickness for three marine mammal species in the southern Baltic Sea
Get PDFEvaluating populational trends of health condition has become an important
topic for marine mammal populations under the Marine Strategy Framework
Directive (MSFD). In the Baltic Sea, under the recommendation of Helsinki
Commission (HELCOM), efforts have been undertaken to use blubber thickness
as an indicator of energy reserves in marine mammals. Current values lack
geographical representation from the entire Baltic Sea area and a large dataset is
only available for grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) from Sweden and Finland.
Knowledge on variation of blubber thickness related to geography throughout
the Baltic Sea is important for its usage as an indicator. Such evaluation can
provide important information about the energy reserves, and hence, food
availability. It is expected that methodological standardization under HELCOM
should include relevant datasets with good geographical coverage that can also
account for natural variability in the resident marine mammal populations. In
this study, seasonal and temporal trends of blubber thickness were evaluated for
three marine mammal species—harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), grey seal
(Halichoerus grypus) and harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena)—resident in
the southern Baltic Sea collected and investigated under stranding networks.
Additionally, the effects of age, season and sex were analyzed. Seasonal
variation of blubber thickness was evident for all species, with harbor seals
presenting more pronounced effects in adults and grey seals and harbor
porpoises presenting more pronounced effects in juveniles. For harbor seals
and porpoises, fluctuations were present over the years included in the analysis.
In the seal species, blubber thickness values were generally higher in males. In
harbor seals and porpoises, blubber thickness values differed between the age
classes: while adult harbor seals displayed thicker blubber layers than juveniles,
the opposite was observed for harbor porpoises. Furthermore, while an
important initial screening tool, blubber thickness assessment cannot be
considered a valid methodology for overall health assessment in marine
mammals and should be complemented with data on specific health
parameters developed for each speciesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio