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Transição para a vida adulta e autonomia: Desafios e estratégias para jovens migrantes em Instituições de Acolhimento
Get PDFA presente dissertação de mestrado, intitulada “Transição para a Vida Adulta e Autonomia: Desafios e Estratégias para Jovens Migrantes em Instituições de Acolhimento”, desenvolve-se por uma investigação sobre os desafios enfrentados pelos jovens migrantes institucionalizados durante o seu processo de transição para a vida adulta e autonomia, bem como, sobre as estratégias implementadas para o sucesso deste processo. Através de uma revisão abrangente da literatura, contextualiza-se o fenómeno migratório em Portugal, é explorada a legislação que protege esta população, bem como o enquadramento legislativo que segue as casas de acolhimento e regulam o seu funcionamento. É discutido ainda o processo de transição para a vida adulta e autonomia dos jovens migrantes, consoante o descrito na lei portuguesa e nos regulamentos existentes. Todos estes dados foram importantes para uma estrutura teórica sólida de forma a ser possível contextualizar-se a análise dos dados retirados das entrevistas aplicadas durante este estudo.
Para o efeito, o estudo foca-se em instituições que acolhem, entre outras, crianças e jovens migrantes. É investigada a sua atuação na preparação dos jovens migrantes acolhidos para a sua autonomia e saída da instituição. A conclusão retirada através da realização de uma análise de dados identifica os maiores desafios enfrentados por estes jovens no processo de transição para a vida adulta, integrando-se num país com as suas diferenças culturais e problemáticas associadas à migração. Ainda, identifica as principais necessidades verificadas, discutindo-se possíveis práticas que atuem sobre as mesmas, contribuindo para a criação de novas estratégias e respostas a esta problemática
A utilização da informação financeira no processo de tomada de decisão: Estudo de caso aplicado na Ordem dos Contabilistas e Peritos Contabilistas de Angola (OCPCA)
Get PDFA contabilidade é por excelência um sistema de informação, é considerada como um suporte da informação financeira da empresa, com o dever de fornecer informação para os utilizadores. A informação produzida pela contabilidade auxilia a tomada de decisões económicas e financeiras.
Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o grau de importância que é atribuída à informação financeira, assim como, a finalidade e utilidade da informação financeira no processo de tomada de decisão, tendo em conta a análise das caraterísticas individuais do gestor e da empresa.
No desenvolvimento do estudo empírico, utilizou-se a metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, em que os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário aos membros da Ordem dos Contabilistas e Peritos Contabilistas de Angola (OCPCA), em particular os pertencentes à secção regional sul, envolvendo as províncias da Huíla, Cunene e Namibe que se pronunciaram sobre aspetos relacionados com a utilização da informação financeira para a tomada de decisão. O questionário foi enviado a 80 técnicos, obtendo 50 respostas válidas, que correspondem a uma taxa de resposta que perfaz 63%. Nesse universo de respondentes concluímos que o uso da informação financeira produzida pela contabilidade é percebida como sendo de extrema importância no processo de tomada de decisão e que empresas de pequena dimensão atribuem menor importância a essa informação, comparativamente às empresas de grande dimensão. Relativamente às caraterísticas individuais do gestor e da empresa, os resultados mostram que gestores dotados com conhecimentos em gestão atribuem maior importância à análise da informação financeira no processo de tomada de decisão e que a antiguidade da empresa influencia o uso da informação financeira no processo de tomada de decisão.
Recorreu-se a testes estatísticos não paramétricos, para efetuar a comparação de grupos, em que se verificou que a significância é superior, na grande maioria das situações, a 0,05, assumindo-se assim, que não existem diferenças entre os grupos, ou seja, não se deve rejeitar a hipótese nula, o que leva a sinalizar a inexistência de diferenças
Depression in older adults during the COVID -19 pandemic: A systematic review
No full textBackground
Depression affected 5.7% of people aged 60 years and over prior to the pandemic and has increased by approximately 28%. The aim of this study is to identify and describe factors associated with depressive symptoms, the diagnostic assessment instruments and interventions used to evaluate and treat depression in adults aged 60 years and older since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Four electronic databases were systematically searched to identify eligible studies published since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 832 articles were screened, of which 53 met the inclusion criteria.
Results
Factors contributing to depressive symptoms in older adults prior to the pandemic were grouped into the following categories: sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., being female); loneliness and weak social support; limitations in daily functioning, physical activity and neurocognitive impairment; and clinical factors. The following groups of factors directly related to the pandemic were found: stress-related factors and feelings or worries related to the pandemic; information access (e.g., receiving news about COVID-19 through the media); factors directly related to COVID-19 (e.g., having infected acquaintances); and factors related to the measures that were taken to reduce the spread of COVID-19 (e.g., confinement measures). The most frequently used instrument to assess depressive symptoms was the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF). Four studies implemented interventions during the pandemic that led to significant reductions in depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness.
Conclusions
Improved understanding of pandemic-associated risk factors for depression can inform person-cantered care. It is important continued mental healthcare for depression for older adults throughout crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote delivery of mental healthcare represents an important alternative during such times. It is crucial to address depression in older adults (which often causes disability), since the pandemic situation has increased depressive symptoms in this population
A utilização da tecnologia educativa no ensino da matemática: Uma experiência na Educação Pré-Escolar e no 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico
Get PDFO presente relatório foi desenvolvido em dois contextos diferentes, Educação Pré-Escolar e 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, ao longo das Práticas Profissionais II e III. O tema das tecnologias é algo que não constitui uma novidade para as crianças. Frequentemente é utilizada por estas numa perspetiva de lazer e brincadeira, todavia pode e deve sere entendida como um recurso poderoso no processo de formação dos nossos jovens e, em particular na matemática. É nesta lógica que surge a temática deste relatório, cujos objetivos propostos na investigação são:
Utilização das tecnologias para a aprendizagem; Desenvolvimento da motricidade fina; Realização de tarefas em equipa através da tecnologia; Aprendizagem de áreas da matemática.
No que toca à metodologia utilizada, esta teve enfoque a metodologia investigação-ação. Utilizou-se a observação direta para recolha de dados, a análise de documentos e realizou-se entrevistas a ambas as docentes do respetivo contexto.
O respetivo estudo permitiu compreender que o uso das tecnologias no ensino vem acompanhado de vários benefícios para as crianças, tornando-as mais interessadas e motivadas em aprender, em particular, a matemática
Event-based modeling of input signal behaviors for discrete-event controllers
Get PDFControllers for discrete-event systems are commonly designed using state-based formalisms, like state diagrams and Petri nets. These formalisms are strongly supported by the concept of events, which, from an automation system perspective, can be associated with a simple change in the value of a signal or more complex behavioral evolutions of the signals. In this paper, the characterization of several types of events is proposed, associated with different types of signals, such as Boolean and multivalued signals. The major goal of this characterization is to improve the compactness of the model, benefiting the editing and visual interpretation of the graphical model but keeping precise execution semantics, which in turn allows for the use of computational tools covering the different stages of system development. The behavioral model of the controller is produced using a non-autonomous class of Petri nets, the IOPT nets, and the associated IOPT-Tools, which supports the specification, simulation, property verification, and automatic code generation ready to be deployed into implementation platforms. All the types of proposed events have a behavioral sub-model executed concurrently with the main model of the controller. An application example is provided to illustrate some of the advantages of the adoption of the proposed approach, encapsulating the behavioral dependencies on the evolution of input signals into events
Contenidos sobre envejecimiento activo en titulaciones universitarias: Un estudio en España y Portugal.
Get PDFBackground: to analyse the study plans of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees at the University of Huelva, the Beja Polytechnic Institute and the Algarve University, to identify content on attention to diversity, ageing and the four pillars of the World Health Organisation for this population. Methods: mixed design. A quantitative phase of data analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS. In the second phase of the work, and in a qualitative way, carried out an analysis of the content of the program collected in the syllabuses. Results: of the total of the 54 degrees analyzed, only in those related to the disciplines of Physical Activity, Psychology, Social Sciences, Gerontology, Nursing and Special Education, the contents related to the objective of the study were identified. Conclusions: many professionals who have contact with the senior population do not receive the necessary training to respond to the particular needs of individuals in this age group.A717-4095-1DAD | Susana Isabel Justo Henriquesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The effect of speed endurance versus core training on the repeated sprint ability of youth male soccer players: A randomized controlled trial
No full text© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine.The effects of specific training protocols to improve repeated sprint ability are well known; however, the utility of non-specific training for this purpose is doubtful. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of a specific (sport-related) vs. non-specific (general physical development) eight-week training protocol on developing or maintaining repeated sprint ability in soccer players. Thirty-eight male soccer players (aged 17.1 ± 0.3 years) were randomly divided into a speed endurance group (n = 18) and a core training group (n = 20). The speed endurance group performed 4 sprints lasting 15 seconds with a recovery of 75 seconds, while the core training group performed 2 sets of 4 exercises for 30 seconds with 15 seconds of recovery. Both protocols were performed twice a week. All players performed the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (6 consecutive 35-meter sprints with 10-seconds recovery intervals). A mixed two-way ANOVA was performed with no significant effects in the interaction term. On average, the speed endurance and the core training groups improved their repeated sprint ability by 7.9% and 8.0%, respectively, from pre- to post-assessment (p < 0.001, η2 p = 0.459). No significant between-group differences were detected for the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test total time or maximum power. In principle, specific and non-specific low-volume training protocols may improve repeated sprint ability over eight weeks in soccer players. However, the improvements may have been derived from the continued soccer-specific training, which is the reason why future studies should include a passive control group and test whether high session volumes produce different results
The use of technology in the prevention of infections associated with urinary catheterization
No full text(1) Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, and they are the second most common hospital-acquired infections, with catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs) accounting for about 40% of these nosocomial infections. This review aims to identify the impact of technology on preventing infections in patients with urinary catheters; (2) Methods: The search was conducted in April 2024 through the EBSCOhost platform, with access to the American Search Complete, CINHAL Ultimate, Medline databases, and through the Scopus database; (3) Results: In total were included eight articles in this review. Technology interventions can significantly reduce the incidence of CAUTIs, decrease the duration of catheter use, improve diagnosis, and enhance patient safety; (4) Conclusions: Technological advancements show significant benefits in reducing infection rates and improving patient outcomes, like shorter hospital stays and comfort. Multidisciplinary approaches and educational strategies are essential to maximize these benefits
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the portuguese version of the SARC-F in community-dwelling older adults
No full text(1) Background: The goal of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of
the Portuguese version of the SARC-F in older adults. (2) Methods: A total of 100 participants
(77.1 ± 7.36 years, 73% women) were included in the study. In a first phase, the Portuguese SARC-F
was adapted following the standardized forward–backward translation procedure, and internal
consistency as well as inter-rater and test–retest reliability of the Portuguese SARC-F were analyzed.
Secondly, clinical validation was evaluated by comparing the SARC-F total score with five operational
definitions of sarcopenia and with other sarcopenia-related measurements. Discriminant validity,
with respect to low muscle mass and strength and physical function were analyzed. (3) Results: The
Portuguese SAR-F showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.82), excellent inter-rater
reliability (total score), and substantial to excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.891 for the total
score). Specificity ranged from 72.5% (FNIH) to 73.4 (IGWS), and negative predictive values went
from 91.8% (EWGSOP1) to 97.3% (FNIH), but low sensitivity and positive predictive value were
observed. The Portuguese SARC-F showed a moderate ability to discriminate people with low
muscle strength (AUC = 0.78) and gait speed (AUC = 0.89). (4) Conclusions: The Portuguese SARC-F
is a valid and reliable tool for ruling out sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults and can
discriminate between people with low handgrip strength and gait spee
