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Saúde mental das pessoas com problemas de uso de substância psicoativa
Get PDFinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Genetic regulation of body size and morphology in children: a twin study of 22 anthropometric traits
Get PDFAnthropometric measures show high heritability, and genetic correlations have been found between obesity related traits. However, we lack a comprehensive analysis of the genetic background of human body morphology using detailed
anthropometric measures.
METHODS: Height, weight, 7 skinfold thicknesses, 7 body circumferences and 4 body diameters (skeletal breaths) were measured
in 214 pairs of twin children aged 3–18 years (87 monozygotic pairs) in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. Factor
analysis (Varimax rotation) was used to analyze the underlying structure of body physique. Genetic twin modeling was used to
estimate genetic and environmental contributions to the variation and co-variation of the anthropometric traits.
RESULTS: Together, two factors explained 80% of the variation of all 22 anthropometric traits in boys and 73% in girls. Obesity
measures (body mass index, skinfold thickness measures, as well as waist and hip circumferences) and limb circumferences loaded
most strongly on the first factor, whereas height and body diameters loaded especially on the second factor. These factors as well
as all anthropometric measures showed high heritability (80% or more for most of the traits), whereas the rest of the variation was
explained by environmental factors not shared by co-twins. Obesity measures showed high genetic correlations (0.75–0.98). Height
showed the highest genetic correlations with body diameter measures (0.58–0.76). Correlations between environmental factors not
shared by co-twins were weaker than the genetic correlations but still substantial. The correlation patterns were roughly similar in
boys and girls.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results show high genetic correlations underlying the human body physique, suggesting that there are sets of
genes widely affecting anthropometric traits. Better knowledge of these genetic variants can help to understand the development
of obesity and other features of the human physique.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
O aparelho defensivo da Madeira na Segunda Guerra Mundial
Get PDFO presente trabalho de investigação, centra-se na temática da estrutura defensiva do
Arquipélago da Madeira durante a Segunda Guerra (1939-1945). Pretende-se com esta
dissertação, abordar um aspeto pouco estudado da História Contemporânea da Madeira, com
enfoque não só na importância geoestratégica das ilhas Atlânticas (durante o conflito
mundial) mas também na tipologia de defesas construídas para evitar um hipotético assédio,
ataque ou invasão por forças estrangeiras, quer Aliadas, quer do Eixo.
Este tema de investigação surge pela primeira vez a ser abordado, visto não existirem
trabalhos anteriores que incidam sobre estas matérias. Neste sentido, pretendemos
desenvolver o interesse da comunidade académica e geral, relativamente à segurança e
defesa nacional, bem como compreender o papel da Madeira no maior conflito da História.
Esta dissertação tem como foco principal a defesa do Funchal, capital da Ilha e o
local onde se construíram as defesas mais importantes: mais concretamente a Bateria de
Costa n.º 2 no Pico da Cruz e as Baterias Antiaéreas do Pico de São Martinho. Outros aspetos
pertinentes relativos aos redutos defensivos construídos no litoral da Ilha serão, de igual
modo, referidos. Consideramos que as estruturas defensivas mencionadas anteriormente, são
de alguma riqueza histórica e patrimonial e a previsão do seu futuro uso como núcleo
museológico integrado num roteiro de Turismo Militar será uma mais-valia para a
valorização da oferta cultural da Madeira.The present research focuses on the theme of the defensive structure of the Madeira
Archipelago during the Second War (1939-1945). This dissertation is intended to address a
poorly studied aspect of the contemporary history of Madeira, focusing not only on the
geostrategic importance of the Atlantic islands during the world conflict, but also on the
typology of defenses built to avoid a hypothetical harassment, attack or invasion by foreign
forces, either Allied or Axis.
It is worth noting the somewhat unpublished nature of this research since there is no
previous work on these issues. In this sense, it is hoped to develop the interest of the
academic community and the civilian in general, for issues related to national security and
defense, as well as to understand the role of Madeira in the greatest conflict in history.
The main focus of the research is the defense of Funchal, capital of the island and
place where the most important defenses were built, specifically the coastal defense battery
Nº.2 in Pico da Cruz and the anti-aircraft batteries of Pico de São Martinho. Other relevant
aspects relating to defensive strongholds built on the island’s coast will also be mentioned.
In view of the above, we consider that the defensive structures described are of
important historical and patrimonial wealth and that the prediction of their future use as a
museum nucleus integrated in a military tourism roadmap will be an added value for the
valorization of the cultural offer of the island of Madeira
All islands are mountains
Get PDFWe live in the age of multi-tabs, binge-watching, and immediatism. We have instant
coffee, instant messaging, expressways, and speedy boarding. Travelling and arriving
faster than ever, we no longer have the time to understand what we are slowly losing
along the way. If all journeys are made of comfortable shortcuts, what happens to the
questions that arise from discomfort and uncertainty?
I faced this while observing the contrasts of the gradually evolving Madeira
landscape, where natural and constructed spaces are progressively being transformed by a
new Europe attempting to keep up with modern life.
This five million-year-old volcanic mountain that grew from a depth of around 4000
meters is now in its penumbra period, as it is neither slow and traditional nor modern and
fast enough to face this century’s challenges. That dichotomy is most evident in the rural
areas where, for instance, at the base of the new brutalist express-ways whose speed
prevented population exodus, we find old roads that wind around the same landscape
slowly and sinuously, keeping tradition in.
Knowing that I could be facing a perspective bias resulting from the correlation
between depth perception and the speed we travel through time, I decided to slow down
and equipped with a medium-format analogue camera, wander and wonder about the
power of stillness and what happens when we lose those questions that can answer what
remains unanswered.
The result is a visual exploration of the contrasts and complexities of these topics,
inviting the audience to slow down and reflect on the human condition and the impact of
speed and progress on our environment and humanity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A fratura da paisagem em Valter Hugo Mãe: vulnerabilidade e resiliência na novíssima literatura portuguesa contemporânea
Get PDFObjetiva-se com esse artigo trazer à tona um dos autores mais consagrados da Novíssima Literatura
Portuguesa – vertente contemporânea que tem se proposto a romper com temas e formas de
construção de seus elementos: Valter Hugo Mãe. Autor de romances premiados pela crítica, Valter
Hugo Mãe também tem escrito contos, tão excepcionais quanto as narrativas longas. Dentre eles,
Contos de cães e maus lobos, de 2015, foco desse estudo, em especial o conto “Quatro velhos”. À luz
da Geografia Humanista Cultural, de base fenomenológica, será dada ênfase à geograficidade,
enquanto essência geográfica do ser-estar-no-mundo, e à paisagem em movimento, de modo a
demarcar sua vulnerabilidade e resiliência. Para tanto, constituirão o aporte teórico os estudos de
Bachelard (2008), Dardel (2011), Tuan (2012; 2013) e Marandola Jr e Hogan (2006). Do ponto de
vista metodológico, configura-se uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico.Our goal with this article is to highlight one of the most hallowed authors of the Newest
Portuguese Literature – contemporaneous movement that has proposed to disrupt with themes
and construction forms of its elements: Valter Hugo Mãe. Author of critically acclaimed novels,
Valter Hugo Mãe has also written short stories just as exceptional as his longer narratives. Among
these, Contos de cães e maus lobos, from 2015, the focus of this study, especially the “Quatro
velhos” short story. Under the light of the Cultural Humanistic Geography of phenomenological
base, we will emphasize geographicity as the geographical essence of being-in-the-world, as well as
the moving landscape as a way of marking its vulnerability and resilience. For such, the studies of
Bachelard (2008), Dardel (2011), Tuan (2012; 2013), and Marandola Jr and Hogan (2006) comprise
our theoretical framework. From the methodological point of view, this is a bibliographical
qualitative research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A predictive model for the acceptance of wearable ubiquitous activity monitoring devices
Get PDFAcceptance of wearable ubiquitous activity monitoring devices that track activity has been a
hot topic for the last decade. Several theories have been made, particularly how to think about
the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). These theories have been used in different
situations to learn more about how people and organizations accept new technology. Even
though the TAM is mature and works in different situations, there is not much published
research that tries to expand its ability to predict how people will react to wearable ubiquitous
activity monitoring devices. One reason for this gap could be that the TAM is based on the
idea that people's acceptance behavior can only be predicted by two beliefs: Perceived Ease
of Use (PEOU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU). Literature shows that PU and PEOU beliefs
are not enough. This means that they may not be able to explain why people accept new
things, like Activity Trackers (AT). Because of this, it is important to include any other
factors that can help predict how likely people are to use activity trackers.
As an extension of research on the TAM, this study created and tested two models of how
people accept and use wearable ubiquitous activity monitoring devices, with two
questionnaires with more than 200 respondents that shield light on the subject. The proposed
models added key concepts from the research stream on how people accept information
systems to the theoretical framework of the TAM and Health Information Technology
Acceptance Model (HITAM). The resulting models were analyzed using a variety of
statistical techniques including Structural Equation Analysis. The first model was reanalyzed via qualitative analysis with 20 interviews, and reanalyzed via another quantitative method of
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN).
The most significant contributions of this dissertation are:
1. The construction of two models that predict activity tracking adoption and usage.
2. Guidelines for designing activity trackers.
These contributions can help promote activity trackers as an essential piece of equipment that
helps monitor progress during workouts as well as other times, such as when the user is at
rest or sleeping. We will see that by being continually reminded to walk about and avoid
sitting for extended periods of time or doing nothing at all, this helps a person build healthy
behaviors. Additionally, activity trackers should be designed to maintain a person's
motivation to finish the daily activity routine, which is necessary for people to accomplish
their health and fitness objectives. This thesis contributes with two quantitative models for
the acceptance and use of activity trackers, and creates recommendations for different types
of users.A aceitação de dispositivos ubíquos vestíveis de monitorização de atividade que rastreiam a
atividade tem sido um tema cálido na última década. Várias teorias foram concebidas,
principalmente como pensar o Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia (TAM). Essas teorias têm
sido usadas em diferentes situações para aprender mais sobre como as pessoas e as
organizações aceitam novas tecnologias. Conquanto o TAM seja maturo e funcione em
diferentes situações, não há muitas investigações publicadas que tentem expandir a sua
capacidade de prever como as pessoas reagirão a dispositivos ubíquos vestíveis de
monitoramento de atividade. Uma razão para essa lacuna pode ser porque o TAM é baseado
na ideia de que o comportamento de aceitação das pessoas só pode ser previsto por duas
asseverações: Facilidade de Uso Percebida (PEOU) e Utilidade Percebida (PU). A literatura
mostra que as asseverações nas PU e PEOU não são suficientes. Isso significa que essas duas
asseverações podem não ser capazes de explicar o porquê de as pessoas aceitarem coisas
novas, como monitores de atividade (AT). Por isso, é importante incluir quaisquer outros
fatores que possam ajudar a prever a probabilidade de as pessoas usarem monitorizadores de
atividade.
Como extensão da pesquisa sobre o TAM, esta investigação criou e testou dois modelos de
como as pessoas aceitam e usam dispositivos ubíquos vestíveis de monitorização de
atividade, com dois questionários com mais de 200 repostas cada, que clarificam o assunto.
Os modelos propostos agregaram conceitos-chave da pesquisa sobre como as pessoas aceitam
os sistemas de informação ao referencial teórico do TAM e do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia da Informação em Saúde (HITAM). Os modelos resultantes foram analisados
usando uma variedade de técnicas estatísticas, incluindo Modelação de Equações Estruturais.
O primeiro modelo foi reanalisado por meio de uma análise qualitativa com 20 entrevistas, e
de novo reanalisado por meio de outro método quantitativo com Redes Neurais Artificiais
(RNA). A construção de dois modelos que predizem a adoção e uso do monitorização da
atividade é a contribuição mais significativa que pode ser retirada deste trabalho, juntamente
com as diretrizes para o design de monitorizadores de atividade.
Essas contribuições podem ajudar a promover os monitorizadores de atividade como um
equipamento essencial que ajuda a monitorizar a evolução durante os treinos e em outros
momentos, como quando o utilizador está em repouso ou dormindo. Ao ser continuamente
lembrado para andar e evitar ficar sentado por longos períodos de tempo ou não fazer nada,
isso ajuda o utilizador a construir comportamentos saudáveis. Além disso, os monitorizadores
de atividade devem ser projetados para manter a motivação de uma pessoa em concluir a
rotina diária de atividades, o que é necessário para que as pessoas atinjam seus objetivos de
saúde e condição física. Esta tese contribui com modelos quantitativos para a aceitação e uso
de monitorizadores de atividades e cria recomendações para diferentes tipos de utilizadores
Interaction Design Applied to the Design of Sensory Integration Experiences
Get PDFTherapies and treatments for autistic children have always been a challenging to set up due to
the difficulty of diagnosing properly their difficulties and correctly addressing these. In fact, the
spectrum comprehension changed over the years to a more accurate diagnosis. Thus, nowadays,
treatments are more successful. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological disor der that information processing, social interaction, and communication. Attending to multiple cues
present in the environment is demanding and might lead to a child not responding to a stimulus
which, according to some researchers, might be a central aspect of ASD.
Play-based therapies (gamification) have been one of the most fortunate approaches in achieving
better results in developing cognitive and motor skills. Autistic children are increasingly exposed
to technology in their daily lives, and digital games have been yielding more impact in this area
since the last decade.
In fact, studies demonstrate that autistic children engage more easily with technology than
with people because of their impairments. Designing games for autistic children can be challenging,
since as users, they may process information differently compared to a typically developing child.
Therefore, many factors must be considered and conceptualized with their difficulties in mind (e.g.,
colors, sounds, mechanics, interface, levels) to keep the user engaged in the task.
Since autistic children are interested in technology, video games might be a promising way of
multiple cue treatment and developing their cognitive skills.Terapias e tratamentos para crianças autistas têm sido sempre um desafio devido à natureza do
problema. A compreensão do espectro mudou ao longo dos anos para um diagnóstico mais preciso.
Portanto, nos dias de hoje, os tratamentos são mais bem-sucedidos. O Transtorno do Espectro
Autista (TEA) é uma desordem neurológica complexa que afeta o processamento de informações,
interação social e comunicação. Atender a múltiplos estímulos presentes no ambiente é exigente e
pode levar a uma criança não responder a um estímulo, o que, segundo alguns investigadores, pode
ser um aspecto central do TEA.
Terapias baseadas em jogos (gamificação) têm sido uma das abordagens mais bem-sucedidas
para desenvolver habilidades cognitivas e motoras. Crianças autistas estão cada vez mais expostas
à tecnologia em suas vidas diárias, e jogos digitais têm tido mais impacto nessa área desde a última
década.
De fato, estudos demonstram que crianças autistas se envolvem mais facilmente com a tecnologia
do que com pessoas, devido às suas limitações. O design de jogos para crianças autistas possa ser
desafiador, pois são utilizadores que podem processar informação de maneira diferente comparado
com outra cria com um desenvolvimento normal, por isso muitos fatores devem ser considerados
e conceptualizados pensando nas suas dificuldades (por exemplo, cores, sons, mecânicas, interface,
níveis) para manter o usuário envolvido na tarefa.
Visto que as crianças autistas têm interesse na tecnologia, os videojogos podem ser uma forma
promissora de tratamento com múltiplos estímulos e desenvolvimento de suas habilidades cogniti vas
Prediction of the Potential Distribution of Drosophila suzukii on Madeira Island Using the Maximum Entropy Modeling
Get PDFDrosophila suzukii is one of the main pests that attack soft-skinned fruits and cause significant
economic damage worldwide. Madeira Island (Portugal) is already affected by this pest. The
present work aimed to investigate the potential distribution of D. suzukii on Madeira Island to better
understand the limits of its geographical distribution on the island using the Maximum Entropy
modeling (MaxEnt). The resultant model provided by MaxEnt was rated as regular discrimination
with the area under the curve (AUC, 0.7–0.8). Upon scrutinizing the environmental variables with
the greatest impact on the distribution of D. suzukii, altitude emerged as the dominant contributor,
with the highest percentage (71.2%). Additionally, elevations ranging from 0 to 500 m were identified
as appropriate for the species distribution. With the results of the model, it becomes possible to
understand/predict which locations will be most suitable for the establishment of the analyzed pest
and could be further applied not only for D. suzukii but also for other species that hold the potential
for substantial economic losses in this insular region.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
BIM model to support O&M tasks
Get PDF: Technological evolution and BIM have changed the design development process in the construction
industry. The operation and maintenance (O&M) phase requires building information throughout its service life,
which was previously paper based, making it difficult to carry out maintenance activities. BIM assists in the
management, storage, and digital sharing of information generated. However, only part of the information
generated is required for the maintenance phase of the building. Although a subset of the IFC schema already
exists to describe the data exchange between the BIM model and maintenance software, the data are generic and
not well defined according to each the element source of maintenance (ESM). Therefore, through a literature
review of existing studies on the use of BIM to support O&M processes, this paper aims to design an information
flow to integrate maintenance information into the BIM model. The information is based on six main maintenance
acts (inspection, cleaning, proactive measure, correction, replacement, and terms of use) and organized in an
external sheet. The building will be divided into ESM according to its function in the building to facilitate the
maintenance information flow between sheets and the BIM model.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Quartz Powder Valorisation in White Self-Compacting Concrete: Mortar Level Study
Get PDFQuartz powder (QP) from mining exploration has increased, and valorisation solutions are
sought. QP incorporation in structural concrete is an exciting strategy for the growth and sustainable
development of the concrete industry, waste management and environmental protection. This work
addresses the valorisation of QP from a Portuguese company on powder-type self-compacting
concrete for architectural and structural purposes, combining the light colour of quartz with white
cement. As such, QP was used as a partial cement replacement, acting as a filler on self-compacting
white mortars (SCWM) and pastes (SCWP). Firstly, the QP was characterised by chemical, physical
and morphological properties. Afterwards, SCWM with 10% of the white Portland cement with
QP were produced and, with 10% cement replacement by limestone fillers, commercially available,
for comparison purposes. The following engineering properties were evaluated, flowability and
viscosity, electrical resistivity, porosity and mechanical strength. In equivalent pastes samples, the
heat of hydration was accessed. Finally, an architectonic element prototype was produced using
SCWM-QP, and colour and aesthetics were evaluated. All SCWM reached adequate deformability
and viscosity for self-compaction. In the hardened state, compressive strength, electrical resistivity
and water-permeable porosity presented similar results for mortars incorporating quartz powder and
limestone fillers. The isothermal calorimetry in equivalent pastes revealed a slight desacceleration
of hydration for SCWP incorporating QP. The major findings of this study confirm the feasibility of
SCWM with QP, meeting the required performance while reducing resource depletion in the concrete
industry and adding value to a by-product.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio