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Sex Differences in Falls: The Mediating Role of Gait Stability Ratio and Body Balance in Vulnerable Older Adults
Get PDFThis study, conducted on a large sample of older adults at elevated fall risk (1), aimed to
verify statistical differences in gait stability ratio (GSR) and body balance (BB) according to sex, (2) to
examine and compare GSR and BB performance between older adult fallers and non-fallers, (3) to
determine an association between GSR and BB according to the history of falls, and (4) to explore
whether GSR and BB mediate the association between sex and falls. We included 619 individuals
(69.8 ± 5.6 years) living in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. The frequency of falls was
obtained by self-report. BB was determined by the Fullerton Advanced Balance scale, while GSR
was established by dividing cadence by gait speed and data collected during the 50-foot walk test.
Males indicated a lower prevalence of falls in the last 12 months (23.6%), while females had a higher
score (48.7%), as well as a lower balance performance (p < 0.001) and higher GSR scores (p < 0.001).
Lower BB control (p < 0.001), as well as higher GSR, were more expressive for fallers (p < 0.001). We
found a large, negative and significant correlation between GSR and BB for historical falls (r = −0.560;
p < 0.001), and between male and female cohorts (r = −0.507; p < 0.001). The total effect of sex on
falls mediated by GSR and BB was 16.4%. Consequently, GSR and BB mediated this association by
approximately 74.0% and 22.5%, respectivelyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Characterization of Static Strength, Vertical Jumping, and Isokinetic Strength in Soccer Players According to Age, Competitive Level, and Field Position
Get PDF: Muscular strength is strongly related to speed and agility tasks, which have been described
as the most decisive actions preceding goals in the soccer game. This study aimed to characterize
the players’ strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level,
and positional role. Eighty-three male soccer players from A team (n = 22), B team (n = 17), U-23
(n = 19), and U-19 (n = 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand
dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated
using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic
strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared
to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019),
and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power).
Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength,
and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength
levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling
by age. This information is of great value to sports agents and coaches, underlining the need to
design and include strength-specific content during soccer training.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Chitosan-Enclosed Menadione Sodium Bisulfite as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Enhance Biostimulant Properties against Drought
Get PDFBiostimulants are an interesting strategy to increase crop tolerance to water deficits, and there is an extensive
bibliography on them. However, most of them need to be treated continuously to increase protection throughout the growth cycle.
In this context, we chose menadione sodium bisulfite, whose protective effect against water deficit has been previously demonstrated
but only for a short period of time. Nanoencapsulation seems to be an interesting way to improve the properties of biostimulants.
Our results show that menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) encapsulated in chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles can increase the
system’s tolerance against an imposed water deficit and delay the need for retreatment by at least 1 week, accelerating plant recovery
after rehydration. This highlights the positive properties of nanoencapsulation and shows how a simple encapsulation process can
significantly improve the biostimulant protective properties, opening up new possibilities to be explored under field conditions to
cope with water-deficit stress.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Gestão dos espaços e práticas pedagógicas na educação profissional e tecnológica durante a pandemia de COVID-19: aspetos da experiência do Instituto Federal da Bahia
Get PDFinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A escola e a integração no meio: a Educação Física como instrumento de atuação
Get PDFinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
From Citrus Waste to a Promising Biopesticide: Hesperidin Extraction, Nanoformulation, and Bioactivity Evaluation
Get PDFBotanical pesticides have gained attention as potential biopesticides and complements to
traditional pesticides. Flavonoids have been extensively studied for this purpose because of their
involvement in plant defense responses. In particular, hesperidin (HES) is a glycosylated flavanone
abundant in citrus waste, whose bactericidal and insecticidal activities have been reported. Despite its
potential as a biopesticide, its extraction is usually time-consuming and nonselective, coupled with the use
of organic solvents. Moreover, botanical pesticides have some limitations such as rapid biodegradability
and low efficiency. The present master’s dissertation addresses these issues by proposing an innovative
consecutive extraction scheme for pectin and HES from citrus albedo waste. This process describes a new
HES extraction method using a basified hydroethanolic mixture, as well as a less time-consuming
precipitation method. The efficiency, selectivity, and environmental impact of this method were compared
with those of the conventional methanolic HES extraction. The proof of concept for assessing HES purity
with quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance technique (qNMR), using benzoic acid as an internal
standard, was addressed, along with the attempted HES encapsulation in polysaccharides. The developed
consecutive extraction method allowed the extraction and isolation of two highly valued bioactive
compounds from citrus waste with high reproducibility and efficiency, with HES extraction yields and purity
reaching approximately 0.68% and 84% (determined by HPLC-PDA), respectively, under the best conditions
tested (30 minutes, 70 °C, and 1:10 (w/v)). qNMR showed great potential for use in determining HES purity,
but further optimization of the method is needed. Pectin-hesperidin nanoparticles formulated with a HES
concentration of 0.5 mg/mL (HES-PecNPs 0.5) revealed satisfactory physicochemical properties (452.8 ±
22.1 nm and -16.9 ± 0.7 mV), an encapsulation efficiency of 85.0 ± 1.5%, and a controlled release of HES
over 26h.Os pesticidas botânicos têm despertado interesse como potenciais biopesticidas e complementos
aos pesticidas tradicionais. Os flavonoides têm sido extensivamente estudados para este fim devido ao
papel que desempenham nas respostas de defesa das plantas. Um caso em particular é a hesperidina
(HES), uma flavanona glicosilada abundante em resíduos cítricos cujas atividades bactericidas e inseticidas
já foram reportadas. Apesar do seu potencial como biopesticida, a sua extração é geralmente demorada e
não seletiva, aliada à utilização de solventes orgânicos. Além disso, os pesticidas botânicos têm algumas
limitações, como a rápida biodegradabilidade e baixa eficiência. A presente dissertação de mestrado
aborda estas questões propondo um esquema inovador de extração consecutiva de pectina e HES a partir
de resíduos de albedo cítrico. Este processo descreve um novo método de extração de HES utilizando uma
mistura hidroetanólica alcalina, bem como um método de precipitação menos demorado. A eficiência,
seletividade e impacto ambiental deste método foram comparados com os da extração metanólica
convencional de HES. Foi ainda abordada, sob a forma de prova de conceito, a avaliação da pureza da HES
pela técnica de quantificação por ressonância magnética nuclear (qRMN), utilizando ácido benzoico como
padrão interno, assim como, a tentativa de encapsulamento da HES em polissacarídeos. O método de
extração consecutiva desenvolvido permitiu a extração e o isolamento de dois compostos bioativos
altamente valorizados de resíduos cítricos com alta reprodutibilidade e eficiência, com rendimentos de
extração e pureza de HES atingindo aproximadamente 0,68% e 84% (determinado por HPLC-PDA),
respectivamente, nas melhores condições testadas (30 minutos, 70 °C e 1:10 (p/v)). A técnica de qRMN
mostrou grande potencial para uso na determinação da pureza da HES, no entanto, o método carece de
otimização. As nanopartículas de pectina-hesperidina formuladas com a concentração de HES de 0,5
mg/mL (HES-PecNPs 0,5) revelaram propriedades físico-químicas satisfatórias (452,8 ± 22,1 nm e -16,9 ±
0,7 mV), uma eficiência de encapsulamento de 85,0 ± 1,5%, e uma liberação controlada de HES durante
26h
Relatório de Estágio para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Get PDFO presente relatório engloba um conjunto de reflexões da prática, realizadas à luz da teoria,
desenvolvidas a partir da Prática Pedagógica em contexto de Educação Pré-Escolar e do Ensino
do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este relatório descreve o processo de aquisição de
conhecimentos e competências necessárias para a docência. Para o efeito, encontra-se
estruturado em três partes fundamentais: Enquadramento Teórico, Metodológico e Intervenção
Pedagógica (no Pré-Escolar: no Infantário Semi-Internato de Santa Clara e no 1.º Ciclo do
Ensino Básico: na Escola Básica do 1.º Ciclo com Pré-Escolar das Figueirinhas).
Acredita-se que o Perfil do desempenho profissional do Educador de Infância e do Professor
do 1.º Ciclo requer a capacidade de desenvolver o currículo por meio da planificação,
organização e avaliação, visando a construção de aprendizagens significativas, bem como o
desenvolvimento da autonomia dos alunos. Assim, destaca-se a importância da reflexão, pois
o professor deve refletir continuamente acerca das suas opções metodológicas e da forma como
operacionaliza o currículo, visando a construção de aprendizagens integradas, significativas e
ativas.
Nas Práticas Pedagógicas I e II adotou-se uma abordagem reflexiva e crítica por meio da
metodologia de Investigação-Ação, o que possibilitou abordar as problemáticas identificadas
durante a prática, como o desenvolvimento da cooperação, partilha e respeito pelo outro na
Educação Pré-Escolar, e a motivação dos alunos com ritmos de trabalho distintos no 1.º Ciclo
do Ensino Básico, no 2.º ano. Já na Prática Pedagógica III, optou-se pela Metodologia de
Trabalho de Projeto, mantendo igualmente uma postura reflexiva. Apresentam-se as Práticas
Pedagógicas, descrevendo-se três momentos de aprendizagem e respetiva reflexão crítica
acerca dos mesmos.
Este documento vai além de uma simples descrição ou explicação, sendo, na verdade, uma
partilha de experiências e o testemunho de um percurso de formação inicial para a docência.The present report encompasses a set of reflections on practice, carried out in light of theory,
developed from the Pedagogical Practice in the context of Pre-School Education and
Elementary Education in the 1st Cycle. This report describes the process of acquiring the
knowledge and skills necessary for teaching. For this purpose, it is structured into three
fundamental parts: Theoretical Framework, Methodology, and Pedagogical Intervention (in
Pre-School: at the Semi-Boarding Nursery of Santa Clara, and in the 1st Cycle of Elementary
Education: at the Elementary School with Pre-School of Figueirinhas).
It is believed that the professional performance profile of Kindergarten Educators and 1st Cycle
Teachers requires the ability to develop the curriculum through planning, organization, and
evaluation, aiming at the construction of meaningful learning, as well as the development of
student autonomy. Thus, the importance of reflection is highlighted, as teachers should
continuously reflect on their methodological choices and how they operationalize the
curriculum, aiming at the construction of integrated, meaningful, and active learning.
In Pedagogical Practices I and II, a reflective and critical approach was adopted through the
methodology of Action Research, which allowed addressing the issues identified during
practice, such as the development of cooperation, sharing, and respect for others in Pre-School
Education, and the motivation of students with different work rhythms in the 1st Cycle of
Elementary Education, in the 2nd year. In Pedagogical Practice III, the Project Work
Methodology was chosen, while also maintaining a reflective stance. The Pedagogical
Practices are presented, describing three moments of learning and respective critical reflection
about them.
This document goes beyond a simple description or explanation, being, in fact, a sharing of
experiences and a testimony of an initial training journey for teaching
Relatório de estágio pedagógico de Educação Física realizado na Escola Básica e Secundária Gonçalves Zarco
Get PDFO relatório de estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos
Básico e Secundário da Universidade da Madeira, reúne todas as atividades e práticas
desenvolvidas ao longo do ano letivo 2022/2023, numa turma de 10º ano de escolaridade
da Escola Básica e Secundária Gonçalves Zarco.
Neste relatório é possível evidenciar todo o planeamento, dinamização, controlo
e reflexão das atividades dinamizadas durante o estágio pedagógico.
Deste modo, este documento contempla as seguintes atividades: (i) Prática Letiva,
(ii) Ações Científico-Pedagógicas, (iii) Atividades de Integração no Meio Escolar, (iv)
Atividades de Intervenção na Comunidade Escolar, (v) Inovação e Tecnologias no Estágio
Pedagógico e (vi) Investigação na Prática Docente.
O estágio pedagógico proporciona a oportunidade de aplicar os conhecimentos
teóricos adquiridos durante a formação académica, num contexto real. Este estágio é
fundamental para o desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas, refletindo sobre as
intervenções e as decisões tomadas, de modo a ajustar o processo ensino-aprendizagem
às necessidades e fragilidades dos alunos e possibilitar o desenvolvimento holístico dos
mesmos.
Com isto, este relatório pretende demonstrar um processo de ensino-aprendizagem
centrado no aluno, resultante da prática pedagógica, do qual foram aplicadas várias
estratégias didático-pedagógicas, proporcionando aulas dinâmicas, motivadoras e
personalizadas, com o intuito de formar indivíduos criativos, autónomos, capazes de
tomar decisões e capazes de se adaptarem a diferentes contextos.The internship report for the Master's in Teaching Physical Education in Primary
and Secondary Education at the University of Madeira brings together all the activities
and practices developed during the 2022/2023 school year in a 10th grade class at the
Gonçalves Zarco Primary and Secondary School.
This report shows all the planning, dynamization, control and reflection of the
activities carried out during the teaching internship.
This document covers the following activities: (i) Teaching Practice, (ii)
Scientific-Pedagogical Actions, (iii) Integration Activities in the School Environment,
(iv) Intervention Activities in the School Community, (v) Innovation and Technologies in
the Teaching Internship and (vi) Research into Teaching Practice.
The teaching internship provides the opportunity to apply the theoretical
knowledge acquired during academic training in a real context. This internship is
fundamental for developing teaching skills, reflecting on the interventions and decisions
made to adjust the teaching-learning process to the needs and weaknesses of the students
and enable their holistic development.
As a result, this report aims to demonstrate a student-centred teaching-learning
process, resulting from pedagogical practice, in which various didactic-pedagogical
strategies were applied, providing dynamic, motivating and personalised lessons, with the
aim of forming creative, autonomous individuals, capable of making decisions and able
to adapt to different contexts