Polytechnic Institute of Santarém
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Parâmetros genéticos e avaliação genética de características morfofuncionais do burro de Miranda
Get PDFApresentação oralO Burro de Miranda é uma das duas raças asininas autóctones portuguesas, que está atualmente incluída num programa de conservação e melhoramento genético. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a estimativa de parâmetros genéticos e a avaliação genética para as características morfofuncionais do Burro de Miranda: Altura ao Garrote (AltG), Andamentos (An), Cabeça e Pescoço (CP), Conjunto de Formas (CF), Espádua e Garrote (EG), Garupa (Ga), Membros (Me), Pelagem (Pe), Pontuação Total (PT) e Tronco (Tr). Utilizaram-se 5685 registos genealógicos e 825 a 863 dados morfofuncionais de Burros de Miranda nascidos entre 1982 e 2021, num total de 224 criadores. As estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas por máxima verosimilhança restrita, através do BLUP – Modelo Animal, em análises univariadas com o programa MTDFREML. O modelo animal utilizado incluiu os efeitos fixos do criador de origem, do ano de nascimento, do género, efeito linear e quadrático da idade à classificação e efeito linear da consanguinidade individual e, como efeitos aleatórios, o valor genético direto e o erro residual. As estimativas do valor da heritabilidade foram altas para a AltG (0.611 cm) e Pe (0.665 pontos), intermédias para a CP (0.216 pontos) e reduzidas para a PT, An, Tr e CF (0.027, 0.083, 0.114 e 0.153 pontos). Foram ainda estimadas as tendências genéticas da AltG, An, CP, CF, Pe, PT e Tr, por regressão do valor genético de cada característica no ano de nascimento. De um modo geral as tendências genéticas para os caracteres avaliados foram positivas, mas muito reduzidas (entre 0.0003 pontos/ano nos An e 0.0034 cm/ano na AltG). Este trabalho contribuiu para a implementação da avaliação genética nesta raça. A disponibilização dos resultados obtidos aos criadores de Burros de Miranda e poderá vir a facilitar a escolha dos futuros reprodutores e agilizar a seleção para determinadas características.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Enhancing student well-being: the Impact of a mindfulness-based program (Mind7+) on stress, anxiety, sleep quality, and social Interactions in a sample of portuguese university students
Get PDFThere is an urgent need to promote mental health strategies in university students, and mindfulness-based interventions provide alternative and complementary approaches. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a mind-fulness-based program (Mind7+) on Portuguese students from the Polytechnic University of Santarem, focusing on stress levels, depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. The intervention consisted of a 8 week mindfulness-based program, with six presential sessions and two online sessions. The participants completed self-filled validated questionnaires before and after intervention. The study revealed that Mind7+ program not only positively influenced stress levels, anxiety, and sleep quality among university students but also had a positive impact on their social interactions. A correlation between sleep quality and frequency of individual practices was observed. The observed medium effect size under-scores the practical relevance of Mind7+ program and the potential of mindfulness-based interventions in higher education to enhance both individual well-being and social connections.N/
O desempenho dos alunos do 2º ciclo em Inquiry Learning Spaces interdisciplinares de Matemática e Ciências Naturais
Get PDFMestrado em Ensino do 1º ciclo e de Matemática e Ciências da Naturais no 2º ciclo do Ensino BásicoEste relatório de estágio divide-se em duas partes, o percurso da prática de
ensino supervisionada e a investigação sobre a prática docente. Nesta segunda parte
explorou-se o desempenho dos alunos do 6º ano do 2º Ciclo do Ensino básico em
atividades interdisciplinares de Matemática e Ciências Naturais desenvolvidas tendo por
base a abordagem Inquiry Based Learning. Este estudo foi realizado no contexto de
estágio supervisionado. A metodologia do IBL foi explorada através de Inquiry Learning
Spaces (ILS) desenvolvidos na plataforma digital Graasp®.
A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de caso. Recolheram-se dados qualitativos
e a dados quantitativos para dar resposta às questões de investigação.
Concluiu-se que os alunos se sentiram motivados com o uso de tecnologias de
informação e simuladores. Os temas abordados despertaram o interesse dos alunos e
a maioria apreciou a forma como as questões foram organizadas nas duas
investigações que lhes foram propostas nos ILS (ILS1 e ILS2). Na primeira investigação
a maioria dos alunos demonstrou desenvolvimento das suas conceções iniciais, após a
realização das atividades propostas no ILS1. Contudo, a maioria dos alunos não
demonstrou um desenvolvimento significativo das suas conceções iniciais, após a
realização das atividades propostas no ILS2. Conclui-se, assim, que os ILS
interdisciplinares são uma boa forma de apresentar tarefas a realizar numa investigação
proposta aos alunos, mas o seu efeito na aprendizagem é variável.This internship report is divided into two parts: the supervised teaching practice and the
research on teaching practice. In this second part, the performance of 6th-grade students
in the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education in interdisciplinary activities of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences was explored, based on the Inquiry-Based Learning approach. This
study was conducted in the context of supervised teaching practice. The IBL
methodology was explored through Inquiry Learning Spaces (ILS) developed on the
Graasp® platform. The methodology used was a case study. Qualitative and quantitative
data were collected, using questionnaires and interviews, to answer the research
questions.
It was concluded that students felt motivated with the use of digital technologies,
especially the ILS. The topics addressed aroused the interest of the students, and the
majority appreciated the questions organization and the two investigations proposed to
them in the ILS (ILS1 and ILS2). In the first investigation, the majority of students
demonstrated the development of their initial conceptions after completing the activities
proposed in ILS1. However, the majority of students did not show significant
development of their initial conceptions after completing the activities proposed in ILS2.
It is concluded, therefore, that interdisciplinary ILS are a good way of presenting tasks to
be carried out in a proposed investigation to students, but their effect on learning varies.N/
New insights into the applications of viruses to biotechnology
Get PDFViruses are responsible for many devastating human and animal diseases, such as Ebola, rabies, HIV, smallpox, influenza, dengue, and SARS-CoV-2. The deleterious impact of viruses is also shown in agriculture, wherein plant virus diseases account for USD30 billion in annual losses globally, thereby threatening world food security.
Viruses are obligate parasites, and are present in all habitats where there is life. They are the most abundant agents on Earth; the estimated number of viral particles on earth is close to 10^31. Needless to say, the vast majority of viruses are unknown; however, the breakthrough and development of new sequencing technologies such as next-generation sequencing are accelerating the discovery of new viruses. The world of technology is evolving at a rapid pace, and innovative technologies are continuously being discovered, allowing the genetic manipulation of these available simple viral systems and making them attractive tools for exploitation in different fields of science.
We can go back to the 18th century to find the first application of viruses in biotechnology; when, cowpox pustules were used to combat smallpox. All subsequent scientific advances have enabled us today to use highly efficient vaccines containing genetically modified viruses to combat COVID-19.
Viruses are being used in the prevention and treatment of many infectious diseases or cancer, not only through vaccines, but also as vectors to carry and deliver substances in situ, in which we can take advantage of their capacity to target specific cells. In agriculture, viruses have been studied to introduce desirable characteristics in plants, showing their potential in plant breeding and plant protection. Viruses have also been used in materials science and nanotechnology as a source of nanoparticles and as building blocks. Other industries such as pharmacology, cosmetics, electronics, are some areas that are also benefiting from the potential uses of viruses.
We cannot ignore the harm viruses can cause to us, but we also cannot ignore the good they can do, and the potential they have alongside the cutting edge technologies we possess. It is clear that the more they are studied, the more possibilities they offer.
In this Special Issue ‘The Application of Viruses to Biotechnology, 2022’, we have gath- ered up-to-date research on the use of viruses in biotechnology, reinforcing the contribution these extraordinary agents to significant advances in science that would not be possible without their existence.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Identification of candidate genes involved in olive response to anthracnose for a sustainable disease management
No full textAnthracnose is a disease that affect the olive tree caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. These fungi are responsible to premature fruit drop and a consequent decrease in the oil quality, and also cause defoliation of trees compromising the production of the following years. Currently the best control strategy is based on application of synthetic fungicides, with a regulatory pressure in agriculture worldwide to limit its use.
Looking for a sustainable disease management, the present study reports the transcriptional changes of olive genes that encode enzymes directly associated with the maintenance of the balance of oxidative oxygen species (ROS), in response to Colletotrichum sp. infection. The cultivar selected for the studies was ‘Galega vulgar’, known to be extremely susceptible to this disease. Plants used in the experiments were from in vitro culture (to warranty their healthy status), transplanted to pots and maintained under controlled conditions. Leaves of the olive plants were inoculated with a spore suspension of Colletotrichum sp., and leaf samples were collected before fungi inoculation (T0) and at 10 days (T1) and 35 days (T2) after inoculation. Confirmation of the presence of the fungi in inoculated plants was performed following a real-time qPCR approach. The selected target genes for expression analysis were Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Endochitinase_EP3-like (CHI2), Glutathione S-transferase L3-like (TransFL3), Glutathione peroxidase 2 (PEROX2), Glutathione S-transferase THETA 1 (THETA), Glutathione S-transferase DHAR2-like (TransfDHAR), Glutathione peroxidase 5 (PEROX5) and Glutathione peroxidase 8 (PEROX8). Following a qPCR approach, a general up-regulation of the target genes was detected, but only CHI2 revealed a significantly up-regulation (p<0.005) between T0 and T2 in response to Colletotrichum sp. infection, being a promising candidate to be later used in functional analysis. We emphasize the importance of this study for the identification of candidate genes to incorporate new sources of resistance of olive trees to anthracnose with the promotion of the development of sustainable management strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Age and sex differences in physical activity of portuguese adults and older adults
Get PDFThis study aims to explore data on objectively measured physical activity from a sample of
adults and older adults and to investigate the achievement of the minimum physical activity required
for health benefits. Participants, 257 women (age 58.99 ± 18.93 years, BMI 26.75 ± 4.57 kg·m−2
) and
178 men (age 49.22 ± 20.39 years, BMI 26.81 ± 3.51 kg·m−2
), wore an accelerometer for 4 to 7 days.
Approximately 40% of the time was spent daily in sedentary behaviors during waking hours. Our
results do not sustain the suggestion that adult men are more physically active than women. The
results indicated a decrease in intensity of physical activity with age, in men and women, but not in
successive age groups. Around 75% of adults and 30% of older adults accumulated the minimum
daily physical activity for health benefits, in periods shorter than 10 min, above moderate intensity.
The number of steps taken per day revealed that most men and women (except the oldest) attained
or exceeded the lower threshold for deriving health benefits. To obtain relevant health benefits,
future physical activity interventions should aim at reversing the amount of sedentary behaviors,
emphasizing increments in, at least, the lower levels of PA, and maintaining walking habits.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Analysing the Effects of Different Types of Exercise on Dyspnoea and Fatigue in Adults through COPD-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials
Get PDFBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition, the main symptoms of which are dyspnoea and fatigue. Though exercise has been recommended for subjects with COPD, its benefits remain unclear. The aim of this study was to summarise, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the available evidence on the effects of aerobic, resistance, stretching, and combined exercise on the main symptoms of COPD. Methods: Search was performed using the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with interventions based on aerobic, resistance and/or combined exercise published until July 2022 were identified. The effects were summarised based on standardised mean differences (95% confidence intervals) using random and fixed effect models. Results: Eight studies were selected, including a total of 375 subjects. The results obtained showed that resistance exercise, aerobic exercise and combined exercise seem to improve dyspnoea and fatigue symptoms in COPD subjects. Conclusions: In general, we can conclude that exercise-based interventions appear to improve the main COPD symptoms and may benefit quality of life in this population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Effect of physical exercise intervention on adolescents with developmental coordination disorder (dcd): a systematic review
No full textA perturbação no desenvolvimento da coordenação (DCD), é uma condição motora que afeta a capacidade de realizar habilidades motoras coordenadas grossas e finas, com impacto negativo significativo no dia a dia. O exercício físico (EF) ajuda a mitigar os efeitos negativos da DCD em crianças, porém não existe sistematização nesta área com a população adolescente. Esta revisão objetivou investigar quais os efeitos do EF em adolescentes com DCD. A pesquisa foi realizada na PubMed, e a avaliação da qualidade através da escala de PEDro. Foram selecionados 5 artigos, que evidenciaram efeitos significativos do EF na competência motora em adolescentes com DCD. O EF deve ser incluído nos hábitos de vida de adolescentes com DCD, preferencialmente através de programas, com uma duração mínima de 13 semanas, orientados por profissionais com qualificação adequada, para melhoria da competência motora e desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras.Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor condition that affects the ability to perform coordinated gross and fine motor skills, with a significant negative impact on the daily lives of individuals with this disorder. The literature indicates that physical exercise (PE) helps mitigate the negative effects of DCD in children, but there is a lack of systematic research in this area with the adolescent population. This review aimed to investigate the effects of PE in adolescents with DCD. The research was conducted on PubMed, and the quality assessment was done using the PEDro scale. Five articles were included, which demonstrated significant improvements in motor competence in adolescents with DCD through PE. It is concluded that PE should be incorporated into the lives of adolescents with DCD, with these programs lasting a minimum of 13 weeks and being planned by qualified professionals, aiming to improve motor competence and develop motor skills.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Perceções dos Profissionais de Saúde Sobre Sustentabilidade Organizacional: Uma Análise Exploratória num Hospital Privado Português
Get PDFIntrodução. Os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 visam promover
mudanças positivas, em prol de um mundo mais sustentável. Educação de qualidade, erradicar
a pobreza, saúde de qualidade, vida na água e energia limpa e acessível são alguns desses
objetivos e a sua importância traduz o fortalecimento de uma cultura de sustentabilidade e
responsabilidade na humanidade, nos governos e nas organizações. As organizações em geral, e
as de saúde em particular, têm um papel a desempenhar para se alcançar esse mundo mais
sustentável. A sustentabilidade organizacional concretiza-se através das decisões tomadas a
todos os níveis de uma organização, revestindo especial importância a adoção de uma
abordagem estratégica, holística e integrada. Este estudo foca a realidade das organizações
hospitalares e o papel que estas desempenham na consecução da sustentabilidade
organizacional, conceptualizada em quatro dimensões (ambiental, social, económica e
institucional).
Objetivo. Este trabalho visa medir as perceções dos profissionais de saúde relativas às práticas
de sustentabilidade organizacional de um dado hospital privado português.
Metodologia. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório, descritivo, seguindo-se uma abordagem
quantitativa. Foi desenvolvido um questionário especificamente para este estudo considerando
outros existentes (e.g. do setor da educação) e com base na revisão da literatura. Recolheram-
se dados primários através de questionário online respondido por uma amostra de 106
profissionais de saúde de um hospital privado português. Dos inquiridos, 75% são do género
feminino, 65% são enfermeiros, 26% são médicos, 62% pertencem ao serviço de bloco
operatório/admissão cirúrgica, 12% desempenham cargos de gestão, 52% trabalham na
organização há 5 ou menos anos, 36% há mais de 10 anos.
Resultados. Os resultados estão organizados pelas dimensões ambiental, social, económica e
institucional da sustentabilidade. Para cada dimensão apresentam-se as práticas cujas perceções
dos profissionais de saúde são mais elevada e mais baixas. De acordo com as perceções dos
profissionais, a dimensão com melhor desempenho (maior concordância média) é a dimensão
social (55% concordam), seguindo-se a económica (42% concordam) e a institucional (40%
concordam); a dimensão com pior desempenho é a ambiental (38% concordam). Estudou-se a
existência de diferenças nos resultados devido ao género, idade, antiguidade e função exercida.
Conclusão. A organização hospitalar, segundo as perceções dos seus profissionais, apresenta
diferentes níveis de desempenho quanto à sustentabilidade ambiental, social, económica e
institucional. A dimensão social é a que apresenta maior maturidade ao nível da implementação
e a ambiental a que apresenta menor maturidade de implementação. Surgem diferenças
significativas nas perceções de algumas das práticas de sustentabilidade entre géneros, idade e
função exercida. A antiguidade tem pouca influência nas práticas reportadas. Este estudo
representa uma primeira tentativa de mapear o nível de desempenho de uma organização
hospitalar ao nível da sustentabilidade, segundo as perceções dos seus profissionais, e sugere
áreas de melhoria neste domínio para a organização em causa.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Effects of a combined training program on pain, stiffness, fatigue, and well-being in women with fibromyalgia
No full textFibromyalgia is a rheumatic disease characterized by chronic widespread muscle pain and its treatment
is carried out through pharmacological interventions. Physical exercise and the adoption of a healthy
lifestyle influence the reduction of the symptoms of the disease. The main objective of this study was
to analyze the effects of a combined training program on health and functional capacity in female
individuals diagnosed with Fibromyalgia. It was a quasi-experimental study with a duration of 8 months
with a sample of six participants between 43 and 58 years old, who did not practice any type of physical
exercise program. The following instruments were used in baseline and post intervention: Fibromyalgia
Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36v2) and functional physical
fitness tests (30-second chair stand, arm curl, sit and reach, 8-ft up-and-go, back scratch and 2-minute
step test. Wilcoxon non-parametric test (intra-group comparison) was used, with a significance level of
p<0.05 to compare baseline and post intervention effects. Significant improvements were observed: in 2-minute step test (p=0.21); physical function; physical performance; physical pain and general health,
the mental component, vitality; social function of the SF-36v2 (all, p<0.05). Moreover, FIQ showed a
significant reduction in all scales at the end of the program compared to the baseline (p<0.05).
Combined training program can reduce the impact of fibromyalgia while improving health and aerobic
performance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio