Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
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Efeito da terapia de espelho na recuperação da funcionalidade do membro superior em indivíduos com AVC crónico: revisão sistemática
No full textIntrodução: A terapia de espelho (TE) é usada para melhorar a função motora após o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). A TE consiste em colocar um espelho medialmente, no plano sagital, entre os dois MS enquanto o individuo realiza movimento ativo com o membro superior (MS) não afetado e observa o seu reflexo no espelho, criando a ilusão de movimento do MS afetado. OBJETIVOS | Rever e sintetizar a evidência sobre a terapia de espelho e sobre os seus efeitos na recuperação da funcionalidade do MS em indivíduos com AVC em fase crónica. Métodos: Como critérios de inclusão da revisão sistemática: a) estudos que incluam indivíduos com diagnóstico de AVC há, no mínimo, 6 meses, b) intervenção com TE no MS ou que a comparem com outras intervenções, c) artigos publicados até 2023, d) artigos publicados em língua inglesa ou portuguesa, e) estudos controlados randomizados; como critérios de exclusão: a) estudos com animais; b) estudos que não forneçam descrição detalhada da intervenção; c) estudos que utilizem estimulação elétrica central serão excluídos. A pesquisa de literatura foi realizada nas plataformas PubMed, Web of Science e PEDro e a avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada através da escala PEDro. Dezoito artigos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão e foram considerados elegíveis. Principais Resultados: A qualidade dos estudos incluídos varia entre 5 e 8, na escala PEDro. Um artigo comparou o treino de FM com TE vs sem TE e quatro artigos compararam a utilização da TE vs terapia convencional (TC), um estudo comparou a terapia de choque extracorporal com e sem espelho e um outro estudo comparou a utilização de estimulação elétrica funcional (EEF), TE e biofeedback, três estudos compararam a TE com Mesh Glove (MG) ou Sham Therapy, cinco artigos compararam a realização de exercícios bimanuais com e sem TE e três estudos compararam a TE com realidade virtual(RV) ou treino com robô (TR).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Harnessing the power of plants: a study of the ESCS Green Room
No full textInserted in the Action Plan of the Eco-Schools Program by ABAE, for the period of 2023/2024, members of the Eco-Schools council of the School of Communication and Media Studies (ESCS) have placed various plant species in a conventional classroom, such as succulents, ivies, snake plants, aloe vera, yuccas, ferns, and peace lilies.
These plants were selected due to their ability to enhance air quality, suitable for environments with high population density (Wolverton et al., 1989 and Chauhan et al.,2022).
This study aims to investigate the benefits associated with the presence of plants in an ESCS classroom, the Green Room, focusing on four dimensions: 1) Air quality, 2) Psychological benefits, 3) Aesthetic, and 4) Environmental sustainability.
This innovative approach at ESCS is aligned with the following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 4 - Quality Education, 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, 13 - Climate Action, and 15 - Life on Land.
A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions, covering quantitative and qualitative, dimensions, was developed and answered by 11 teachers and 109 students who taught and attended the Green Room and conventional classrooms.
Regarding air quality, scientific evidence indicates that plants play a crucial role in promoting a healthier environment through the process of photosynthesis, resulting in the absorption of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen (Gunawardena and Steemers, 2019). The results of measuring CO2 concentration levels in the Green Room (555.2 ppm) and in a conventional classroom (597.6 ppm), both empty, prove this phenomenon. This reality contributes to higher concentration levels and consequently, better academic performance.
Connection with nature is consistently associated with psychological benefits, and a literature review (Lorenzo Montero, M. E., 2023), highlighted five dimensions: attention restoration, stress reduction, psychological well-being, mental health, and psychosocial benefits. In a higher education institution like ESCS, the presence of plants also contributes to a more relaxing environment conducive to learning.
Aesthetics play a crucial role in creating inspiring academic environments, and plants, as attractive visual elements, make the space more welcoming. Studies conducted by psychologist Craig Knight in academic and professional environments in the UK and the Netherlands corroborate these findings, demonstrating that the introduction of plants contributed to subjective perception of air quality, concentration, and satisfaction, as well as objective measures of productivity (Nieuwenhuis, et al., 2014).
In the context of environmental sustainability, the incorporation of plants in classrooms aligns with the growing global concern for the environment, contributing to the reduction of carbon footprint and the creation of ecologically balanced spaces (Danielski, et al., 2022).
The results of the questionnaire conducted at ESCS indicate that 84.7% of participants consider that plants contribute to a healthier environment, 82% evaluate the room as aesthetically pleasing and inviting, and over 88% rate the room as relaxing.
Thus, the Green Room emerges as a space that offers tangible benefits for air quality, well-being, aesthetics, and sustainability, promoting a more stimulating academic environment aligned with sustainable development goals.
Acknowledgments – We would like to thank the Benfica Parish Council and the Lisbon City Council for the supply of plants and Hugo Costa (ESELx) for CO2 and O2 measurements.
REFERENCES
Chauhan, S., Manisha, Bhargava, B., Kandpal, K. C., and Kumar, A. (2022). Analyzing Preferred Indoor Ornamental Potted Plants for Their Air Pollution Tolerance Ability. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 31(3), 2019–2027. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/140291
Danielski, I., Svensson, Å., Weimer, K., Lorentzen, L., and Warne, M. (2022). Effects of Green Plants on the Indoor Environment and Wellbeing in Classrooms—A Case Study in a Swedish School. Sustainability, 14(7), 3777. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073777
Gunawardena, K., and Steemers, K. (2019). Living walls in indoor environments. Building and Environment, 148, 478–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.11.014
Lorenzo Montero, M. E. (2023). Beneficios psicológicos del contacto con la naturaleza: restauración y emociones trascendentes. http://hdl.handle.net/10486/706716
Nieuwenhuis, M., Knight, C., Postmes, T., and Haslam, S. A. (2014). The relative benefits of green versus lean office space: Three field experiments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 20(3), 199-214. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000024
Wolverton, B. C., Douglas, W. L., Bounds, K. (1989). A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement. Final report, NASA. Collection nasa_techdocs. https://archive.org/details/nasa_techdoc_19930072988N/
5th international conference on quality innovation and sustainability (ICQIS 2024): theory and applications (abstract book)
No full textThe conference themes, which address novel and advanced topics on Sustainability, Quality, and Innovation, focused on eight Special Sessions, namely, "Circular Economy and Waste Management – New Approaches, Innovative Technologies, and Business Models", "Failure Prevents: Reliability, Proactivity and Practice, "Lean, TRIZ methodologies Applied to Sustainability Management", "Modelling and Simulation: A way to promote system resilience and sustainability management", "Quality 4.0 and innovations in the digital era", "Recent Advances in Manufacturing", "Sustainability energy" and "Lean Sustainability". The conference also included the workshop "Brick by Brick: Exploring the Future of Quality Management through Serious Gaming" and an Open Forum on "Quality, Innovation and Sustainability Challenges and Opportunities" where an expert panel of many years of collective and active researchers and managers addressed the issue of balancing the activities of businesses, management, and engineering within the enterprises and institutions. The ICQIS2024 organizers believe that the meeting offered our delegates a forum for discussion and dissemination of their recent work in assessing the Sustainability, Quality, and Innovation of engineering and business services and promoting the exchange of ideas and international cooperation among scientists, managers, and engineers in this vital field of engineering and business.The Polytechnic University of Lisbon; AERMEC; CEST; Grupo San José S. A.; SQUARE-AM; RIQUAL; SPMN/
Reabilitação Geral e Gestão dos Riscos de Edifício na Figueira da Foz
Get PDFRelatório de estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de EdificaçõesO presente trabalho tem o intuito de estudar a evolução da reabilitação de um edifício de grande volume destinado à habitação, comercio e escritórios na zona central da Figueira da Foz, desenvolvendo uma análise de risco para o empreendimento.
Para isso na primeira fase, é analisada a evolução histórica do local e toda a sua envolvente desde o ano de 1909 em que existia no local o Parque-Cine da Cidade um local de diversão e espetáculo para a população da Figueira da Foz até aos finais dos anos 70.
Numa segunda fase é feita a apresentação do novo edifício que foi desenvolvido no local no início dos anos 80 onde outrora estava localizado o Parque-Cine, e a sua finalização apenas deu-se em 1994.
São abordados os temas referentes à degradação do edifício nos anos 2000 e as razões para que tal acontecesse passando pelos fenómenos climatéricos e a falta de investimento do promotor.
Elencam-se as razões fiscais, as imposições camarárias, o perigo de segurança publica e a vontade do novo promotor para que um novo projeto nascesse no local do edifício já existente, bem como as características construtivas do novo projeto, tais como os materiais que estão a ser utilizados tendo em conta algumas limitações orçamentais impostas pelo promotor neste projeto.
Com base nos pontos anteriores, é feita desenvolvida a análise dos riscos da construção/reabilitação do edifício, procedimentos para gerir o risco, com a identificação dos seus fatores e condicionantes e a execução de um plano de mitigação do risco com propostas e medidas de gestão.The purpose of this work is to study the evolution of the rehabilitation of a large building in the central area of Figueira da Foz with residential, retail and office uses.
In the first phase, the historical evolution of the place and all its surroundings will be analyzed, from 1909 when the City’s Parque-Cine existed, a place of entertainment and spectacle for the pop2ulation of Figueira da Foz, until the end of the 70s.
In the second phase, there will be a description of the building that was developed on the site in the early 1980s where the Parque-Cine used to be located, which its completion only took place in 1994.
It will be addressed the reasons for the degradation of the building in the 2000, including the climatic events and the lack of investment by the promoter.
It will be analyzed the fiscal details, city council impositions, public security danger and the will of the new promoter for a new project to be born in the existing building. The new project constructive characteristics will also be presented, such as the applied materials, taking into account the budget limitations imposed by the promoter in this project.
Finally, an analysis will be made of the risks of the building construction/rehabilitation, the most indicated way to manage the risk, with the identification of the factores and constraints and risk execution mitigation plan with proposals for management measures.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Assessing the impact of climate change on indoor fungal contamination in Lisbon Metropolitan Area primary schools: a comprehensive study
Get PDFH&TRC authors gratefully acknowledge FCT/MCTES national support through the 2023.01366.BD; UIDB/05608/2020; UIDP/05608/2020, and IPL/2022/InChildhealth/BI/12M. The ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, national support through IPL/IDI&CA2023/FoodAlleEU; IPL/IDI&CA2023/ASPRisk, and IPL/IDI&CA2023/ARAFSawmills.The increasing occurrence of severe weather events caused by global climate change raises concerns about indoor fungi. These changes can potentially alter fungal communities, promoting resistant strains, and intensifying mycotoxin production, having significant implications for human health. In educational settings, inadequate ventilation and high moisture levels amplify indoor fungal growth and mycotoxin contamination, posing a health risk that contributes to respiratory illnesses and allergic reactions in children and school staff. Our research explores the complex relationship between climate change and fungal diseases, highlighting the importance of temperature and moisture in driving fungal growth and mycotoxin production. This project focuses on the Lisbon metropolitan area and aims to assess the indoor levels of contamination and human exposure to azole-resistant fungi and mycotoxins in primary schools. The objective of this investigation is to carry out a comprehensive microbial characterization of the exposure to fungal contamination in primary educational institutions and to achieve that goal a comprehensive sampling campaign was employed, by the use of active and passive sampling methods and material collection from schools. Air samples utilizing the MAS-100 device, which collected 400L at a flow rate of 200 L/min, and the Anderson six-stage device, which collected 200L at a flow rate of 28.3 L/min were performed. Additionally, we collected samples of mops and surface swabs, and samples of settled dust through vacuuming and EDC, located in the sampling sites at 1.5 m height for 30 days, and collected during approximately 30 days. The samples will be analysed by culture-based methods, through the inoculation onto two different culture media: malt extract agar (MEA) supplemented with chloramphenicol (0.05%) incubated at 27ºC and dichloran-glycerol agar (DG18), incubated at 27ºC and 37ºC for 6 days. We will also be performing molecular detection of the selected fungal sections (Aspergillus sections Circumdati, Flavi, Fumigati, and Nidulantes). To evaluate the degree of mycotoxin contamination in school environments, we will employ high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect the presence of 38 different mycotoxins. The preliminary results that will be presented are specifically related to the active air sampling. The ultimate objective is to provide essential insights for the development of effective risk management strategies that safeguard the health of school children and personnel in the face of growing fungal threats.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Communication, media information literacy and citizenship: strategies for a new literacy UNESCO Chair
No full textThe XXI century is marked by the unprecedented digitalization of communication, and though the benefits of digital media are undeniable, their indiscriminate and uncritical use has brought disinformation, misinformation, fake news, hatred, and intolerance menacing the sustainability of tolerant, inclusive, and democratic societies. The UNESCO Chair on Communication, Media Information Literacy and Citizenship is a recent ESCS/IPL proposal, created in 2023, whose main aim is to raise awareness on democratic societies through effective communication dissemination of research findings, insights, and best practices, and empowering individuals to actively participate in shaping their communities and addressing global challenges through the collaborative development of actions and projects aimed at building sustainable societies and enhancing knowledge for climate action. In this presentation we will try to unpack how this
ESCS/IPL’s UNESCO Chair faces the diverse challenges that communication and media literacies assume today as key literacies for empowering all citizens, without exception.N/
Thermo-mechanical characterization of metal-polymer friction stir composite joints-a full factorial design of experiments
No full textThis research was funded by the European Union under the Next Generation EU, through a grant of the Portuguese Republic’s Recovery and Resilience Plan (PRR) Partnership Agreement, within the scope of the project PRODUTECH R3—“Agenda Mobilizadora da Fileira das Tecnologias de Produção para a Reindustrialização”—aiming at the mobilization of the production technologies industry toward the reindustrialization of the manufacturing industrial fabric (Project ref. nr. 60—C645808870-00000067; Total project investment: EUR 166.988.013,71; Total Grant: EUR 97.111.730,27) and an individual FCT grant with the reference 2022.11157.BD.With the increasing demand for lighter, more environmentally friendly, and affordable solutions in the mobility sector, designers and engineers are actively promoting the use of innovative integral dissimilar structures. In this field, friction stir-based technologies offer unique advantages compared with conventional joining technologies, such as mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding, which recently demonstrated promising results. In this study, an aluminum alloy and a glass fiber-reinforced polymer were friction stir joined in an overlap configuration. To assess the main effects, interactions, and influence of processing parameters on the mechanical strength and processing temperature of the fabricated joints, a full factorial design study with three factors and two levels was carried out. The design of experiments resulted in statistical models with excellent fit to the experimental data, enabling a thorough understanding of the influence of rotational speed, travel speed, and tool tilt angle on dissimilar metal-to-polymer friction stir composite joints. The mechanical strength of the composite joints ranged from 1708.1 ± 45.5 N to 3414.2 ± 317.1, while the processing temperature was between 203.6 ± 10.7 °C and 251.5 ± 9.7
Mechanical and fracture properties of concrete with recycled concrete aggregates treated with acids and addition of aluminium sulphate
No full textThe use of recycled aggregates, particularly concrete waste aggregate, has gained increasing popularity and has become current practice in day-to-day applications in many countries. Enhancing the physical and morphological characteristics of this type of aggregate is crucial to promote its widespread adoption. This study investigates the mechanical and fracture properties of concrete incorporating 100 % recycled concrete coarse aggregate (RCA), both untreated and treated with acid solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4), and addition to the addition of aluminium sulphate (AS). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques were employed to characterize the cement and aluminium sulphate (AS). The performance of all mixes was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties, including compressive strength, tensile strength, and secant modulus of elasticity. Experimental fracture tests were conducted using the wedge splitting method on notched specimens aged for 28 days. The results demonstrate an improvement in the mechanical behaviour and fracture resistance of mixes incorporating RCA treated with acid solutions at concentrations of 0.3 M, 1 M, and 3 M for HCl, as well as at a concentration of 0.3 M for H2SO4. However, a decrease in properties was observed at higher concentrations of H2SO4 (1 M and 3 M). Furthermore, the addition of AS also resulted in improvements compared to mixes containing RCA
OAGB bowel function in patients with up to 5 years follow-up: updated outcomes
Get PDFObjective: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is considered an effective technique in weight reduction and remission of comorbidities. However, in common with many bariatric and metabolic/bariatric procedures, gastrointestinal side effects are frequently reported, but clinical experience varies. The objective of this study was to analyze the bowel function of patients who undergo OAGB looking at 5-year postoperative outcomes.
Method: This study is cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical, developed with individuals undergoing OAGB (n = 208) in the period between 2015 and 2020. The time periods evaluated were 1 to 6 months (T1), 6 to 12 months (T2), and 1 to 5 years (T3). Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.28.0, considering a significance level p ≤ 0.05. Results: 114 participants (54.8%), 79.8% women, mean age 47.0 ± 12.6 years, and BMI 40.1 ± 5.6 kg/m2, 51.9% dyslipidemia, 43.6% arterial hypertension, and 19.1% diabetes mellitus. The T1 group had more severe symptoms/nausea than the T2 group. The T2 group had a significantly lower defecation frequency than the T1 and T3 groups. As for the occurrence of diarrhea, associations were not found in the considered groups. The T3 group had a greater severity of constipation associated with greater difficulty in consuming red meat, white meat, rice, vegetables, and salads. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in the first postoperative months. However, diarrhea was not common. The patient selection policy and surgical technique were decisive in this result. Constipation was prevalent in patients between 1 and 5 postoperative years. It was also prevalent in those who had food intolerance, which from a nutritional point of view is an adverse factor for optimal bowel function.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Protective factors of performance-enhancing substances use in a sample of Portuguese gym-goers
Get PDFThis project was supported by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia: FCT/MCTES (UIDB/05608/2020 and UIDP/05608/2020).Background: Nowadays, the increased Performance Enhancing-Substance (PES) use in fitness centers is seen as a problematic phenomenon, since it has the potential to grow, and could be seen as an emerging public health and societal concern. Studies focusing on PES use among gym-goers are few and they do not provide information concerning protective factors that justify the refusing intention to use these substances. Understanding the underlying psychosocial mechanisms of PES use and the protective factors of the gym-goers who refuse the use of these substances could help identify those who are most resistant to PES use. Aim: To investigate the protective factors (e.g., sociodemographic factors, exercise profile, gym modalities, peers, social influence, attitudes, subjective norms, beliefs, and intentions) of PES refusing intention in gym-goers. Participants: A convenience sample of 453 Portuguese gym-goers having a mean age of 35.64 (SD=13.08) Tool: Web self-administered questionnaire containing questions related to sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported use of PES, as well as the QAD-Fit based on the Theory of Planned Behavior which is composed by questions grouped on four dimensions (attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and subjective norms). Procedures: Data was collected using an online self-administrated questionnaire, and results were analysed using Decision Trees, which are a method widely used in classifying and identifying profiles, in machine learning and data mining. Results: 88,9% of gym-goers reported the refusal of prohibited PES, showing that being a woman, training less frequently, not practicing bodybuilding, and having a negative intention to consume PES, could be considered protective factors for PES use. Conclusion: Results identifying the protective factors associated with PES refusal intention, which may support public health and clinical interventions to prevent abusive use of PES and improve the health and well-being of gym-goers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio