Publikationer från Stockholms universitet
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Digitala kroppar: Preferensordning för visuella attribut vid avataranpassning
No full textKaraktärsanpassning är sedd som en kritisk komponent för engagemang och identifikation i moderna spel. Medans tidigare forskning har utförligt utforskat karaktärsanpassnings inverkan på spelar upplevelse, vilka visuella attribut som har större inverkan, så finns det en brist på riktlinjer för hur dessa attribut är prioriterade relativt till varandra och hur det kan variera mellan olika spel, Denna studie utforskar Hur värdesätter spelare rörelseapparatens delar vid karaktärsanpassning av (i) en manlig viking krigare och (ii) en manlig fantasyhobbit, och hur påverkas denna värdesättning av spelarens kön. Data samlades in genom en kvantitativ enkät som distribuerades till 56 deltagare, omfattande både erfarna spelare och individer med minimal spel bakgrund. Resultaten indikerar att spelare prioriterar kroppsliga attribut olika beroende på avatarens typ och de berättelsemässiga och miljömässiga ramarna som utformar spelets sammanhang. Märkvärdigt prioriterades övre kropps attribut som armar, axlar och bröstkorg högre för viking, medans ben och fötter prioriterades högre i hobbit scenariot. Resultaten visar att avatarens anpassning till narrativ kontext är viktigare än spelarens kön för hur kroppsattribut prioriteras och skiljer sig mer än hur manliga och kvinnliga spelares önskar kunna anpassa sin avatar. Resultaten bidrar både teoretiskt, genom att adressera den nuvarande luckan angående attribut prioritering i avatar anpassning och praktiskt, genom att bidra utvecklare med insikter för framtida anpassnings system. För framtida forskning, kan bredare narrativa kontexter utforskas med kvalitativa metoder för att förstå mer djupgående motivationer bakom preferenser för specifika kroppsdelar, t.ex estetik eller funktion.Character customization is regarded as a crucial component for engagement and identification in modern games. While previous research has thoroughly examined the impact of customization on player experience, and which visual attributes has larger influence, there is a lack of guidelines on how these attributes are prioritized relative to each other, and how it may vary across different genres. This study investigates How players prioritize body regions during avatar customization of (i) a male viking warrior and (ii) a male fantasy hobbit, and how the prioritization differ between male and female players. Data was collected through a quantitative survey distributed to 56 participants, encompassing both experienced gamers and individuals with minimal gaming background. Preliminary findings indicate that players assign varying importance to different body regions depending on avatar type and the surrounding story and environment of the game. Notably, upper body features such as arms, shoulders and chest were prioritized for the Viking character, while legs and feet gained relative importance in the Hobbit scenario. These results suggest that narrative framing exerts a stronger influence than gender on player’s customization preferences, which had almost no effect. The results contribute both theoretically, by addressing the current gap regarding attribute prioritization in avatar customization and practically, by providing developers with insight to inform the design of future customization systems. For future research, broader narrative context should be explored and qualitative methods to be used to understand the underlying motivations
Jag önskar att jag visste : Rådgivares kunskap och förhållningssätt i samtal med vuxna med adhd-diagnos i en omställningssituation.
No full textStudiens syfte var att bidra med kunskap om rådgivare i omställningssituationer behöver grundläggande kunskaper om adhd, samt om det finns behov av anpassad karriärvägledning för vuxna med adhd-diagnos. Studien genomfördes utifrån en hermeneutisk förståelseram och använde en tematisk analys i kombination med en abduktiv ansats med en blandad metod med både kvalitativa och kvantitativa inslag. Datainsamlingen följde en sekventiell design där enkäter följdes av djupintervjuer med fokus på rådgivarnas upplevelse och erfarenheter. Urvalet utgjordes av rådgivare från en specifik omställningsorganisation. De teoretiska ramverken - upplevd självförmåga, reflekterande praktiker, personcentrerad teori och villkor för lärande - kompletterar varandra genom att belysa olika men sammanhängande aspekter av professionell praktik och lärande. Resultatet visade att rådgivarnas upplevda kompetensnivå och känsla av trygghet hade stor betydelse för deras förhållningssätt i mötet med vuxna med adhd-diagnos. Studien pekar på ett behov av ökad kunskap om adhd på såväl individ- som organisationsnivå för att säkerställa ett empatiskt, professionellt och träffsäkert karriärvägledningsstöd. Studien bekräftar även att individanpassad karriärvägledning skulle gynna målgruppen. Det framkom även önskemål om tydligare riktlinjer gällande organisationens förväntningar på stödet till vuxna med adhd-diagnos, samt om bättre förutsättningar för kontinuerligt lärande.The purpose of the study was to contribute with knowledge whether career counsellors, providing support in a work transition, need basic knowledge about ADHD, as well as whether there is a need for adapted career guidance for adults with ADHD. The study was conducted based on a hermeneutic framework of understanding with a thematic analysis and an abductive approach based on a mixed method with both a qualitative and quantitative element. The data collection followed a sequential design where questionnaires were followed by in-depth interviews focusing on the counsellors' experiences. The selection was made up of career counsellors from a specific transition organisation. The theoretical frameworks - perceived self-efficacy, reflective practices, person centred theory and conditions for learning - complement each other by highlighting different but interrelated aspects of professional practice and learning. The results showed that the career counsellors' perceived level of competence and sense of security, had great significance for their approach in the meeting with adults with ADHD. The study points out a need for increased knowledge about ADHD at both individual and organizational levels to ensure empathetic, professional and accurate career guidance support. The study also confirms that individualized career guidance would benefit the target group. There were also requests for clearer guidelines regarding the organization's expectations of the support for adults with an ADHD diagnosis, as well as for better conditions for continuous learning
War reports for different ages : A comparative study on the adaptation of news for adult and children’s audiences
No full textSince 2014, Russia and Ukraine have been in conflict over Crimea, and in early 2022 the situation escalated as Russia began its full-scale invasion, which it describes as a “special military operation”, and sent troops into Ukraine. By analysing articles published by the BBC and CBBC, this study aims to investigate which news values can be found in articles made for an adult audience and a children’s audience, and whether there is a difference between the usage of news values. By using discursive news value analysis (DNVA) as described by Bednarek and Caple (2019), three sets of data have been used to analyse how news on the war were constructed. Using three different datasets, one with articles on the Russia-Ukraine war aimed at a children’s audience (BBC-C), one with corresponding articles but aimed at adults (BBC-A) and one dataset with articles on the Russia-Ukraine war published in a chronological order (BBC-O), the aim was to study how these datasets may have differed in how news is constructed for different audiences using news values. Differences were found in the usage of eliteness, positivity, superlativeness and personalization between all three datasets. The BBC-C dataset showed how children’s news uses more positivity, and less superlativeness when compared to both the equivalent adult articles in BBC-A, but also the BBC-O dataset. Eliteness also had a high ratio in both the BBC-A and BBC-C dataset, while the general news dataset used more superlativeness and negativity to showcase the consequence of war. This indicated that news is adapted depending on whether they are constructed for an adult or a children’s audience
Transforming hands-on chemistry curriculum into middle school chemistry teaching practices: case studies of teacher agency
No full textTeachers interpret and enact policy of various sources from national steering documents to local policy and curriculum resources. This study targets the curriculum resource of Naturvetenskap och teknik för alla (NTA), a resource developed to strengthen middle school science education in Swedish schools. This study examines how use of NTA mediates teachers’ didactic considerations when navigating issues of standardisation and professional autonomy. The research question targets how teachers achieve professional agency in this process. This study is based on case studies with four teachers using observations and semi-structured interviews. Theoretically, the analysis is guided by the ecological model of teacher agency. The findings show that the teachers adapt resources to reflect their instructional goals and objectives, and their students’ needs. The results reveal that the NTA resource both contribute to and constrain teachers’ agency but also that the teachers emphasise the projective dimension when reflecting on their work.
Frenzy on the Runway : Creative Directors and the Musical Chairs of Fashion’s Power Game
No full textThe fashion designer has become emblematic of the entire industry, representing the notion of a creative genius with boundless inspiration. Designers now serve as creative directors at the top tier of the fashion industry. In recent years, there has been a notable shift in the role of the creative directors at leading fashion houses. They are switching from one fashion house to another at an escalating pace, which has become a standard practice in the fashion industry. Renowned fashion journalist Suzy Menkes described the change as a game of musical chairs in an article from 2014. The objective of this thesis is to examine the discourse of the current role of the designer as a creative director and how the discourse has evolved from 2014 to 2024. In order to comprehend this shift, a combination of theorists is employed for a deeper insight. The theoretical framework includes concepts from Karl Marx, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Lipovetsky and Zygmunt Bauman. Through a discourse analysis, this thesis discusses the role which the creative director inhabits today in the intersection of creativity and commerce
Waiting for life to truly begin : Young adults' well-being and identity development in a time of economic uncertainty
No full textDenna kvalitativa studie syftar till att undersöka unga vuxnas upplevelser av att bo hemma hos sina föräldrar, med fokus på identitet, mående och sociala relationer. Detta undersöker vi genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio deltagare i åldern 20–30 år, som är bosatta i Stockholm. Studien utgår från Jeffrey Arnetts teori om emerging adulthood (2014) och Glen Elders livsloppteori (1994), vilket används som teoretiska verktyg i resultat- och analyskapitlet. Med hjälp av en tematisk analys identifierade vi dessa fyra huvudteman: Strukturella förutsättningar, Självständighet och frihet, Relationer i hushållet och Upplevelser av vuxenblivande. Resultatet visar vilka konsekvenser strukturella hinder, komplexa familjerelationer och begränsad självständighet har på unga vuxnas upplevelser av vuxenblivande, deras identitetsutveckling och mående. Många deltagare uttrycker en känsla av att befinna sig i ett mellanläge mellan ungdom och vuxenliv. Slutsatserna som drogs visar att strukturella villkor och familjedynamiken samspelar och skapar både möjligheter och hinder i övergången till självständighet och vuxenblivande. This qualitative study aims to explore young adults' experiences of living at home with their parents, with focus on identity, well-being and social relationships. This study is based on semi-structured interviews with nine participants aged 20–30, who live in Stockholm. The analysis draws on Jeffrey Arnett's theory of emerging adulthood (2014) and Glen Elder's life course theory (1994), which are used as theoretical tools in the results and analysis chapter. Using thematic analysis, four main themes are identified: Structural conditions, Independence and Freedom, Relationships in the household and Experiences of becoming an adult. The results show the consequences of structural obstacles, complex family relationships and limited independence on young adults' experiences of becoming an adult, their identity development and well-being. Many participants express feeling in between adolescence and adulthood. The study concludes that structural conditions and family dynamics interact and create both opportunities and obstacles in the transition to independence and adulthood.
Pedagogiskt transspråkande som undervisningsmetod : En kvalitativ studie om pedagogiskt transspråkande i flerspråkiga lärmiljöer
No full textPedagogiskt transspråkande används som en resurs för flerspråkiga elever i teori, vissa policyer och praktik, men kunskap saknas om dess tillämpning i svenska skolan i flerspråkiga lärmiljöer. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att fördjupa förståelsen för hur lärare använder och upplever pedagogiskt transspråkande i flerspråkiga klassrum, med fokus på möjligheter och hinder. Studien utgår från ett dynamiskt perspektiv på flerspråkighet samt The Literacy Engagement Framework (LEF), som lyfter identitetsbekräftande undervisning. Metoden innefattar semistrukturerade intervjuer med 12 lärare (svenska, SVA, engelska, åk 4 - 9) i 6 skolor i mångkulturella förorter i Stockholm. Tematisk analys visar att strategier som språkliga jämförelser, modersmålsgrupper och begreppsstöd på första språket används. Möjligheterna inkluderar ökad delaktighet, engagemang och modersmålsutveckling. Utmaningar omfattar bristande utbildning, otillräckliga resurser, oklara policyer och en stark enspråkighetsnorm. Studien visar att pedagogiskt transspråkande har stor potential om dessa hinder hanteras systematiskt
From innate immune activation to DNA damage repair : Mechanistic insights into cellular defense pathways
No full textInnate immunity, the body’s first line of defense against pathogens, and DNA repair, a vital mechanism for maintaining genome stability, are essential for cellular homeostasis, damage repair, and protection against disease development. Despite ongoing research, the precise mechanisms that regulate these responses, and how they influence each other, remain largely unknown. This study seeks to explore factors that modulate innate immune responses and DNA damage repair and provide a deeper understanding of how these pathways interact to coordinate cellular defenses. Through four different projects, this research provides insights into mechanisms underlying the regulation of innate immunity and DNA damage response. In Project I we show that HUWE1, a protein previously described to be involved in DNA damage repair is also a negative regulator of the endolysosomal system. By regulating viral degradation within the endosome, HUWE1 contributes to antiviral innate defense. In Project II we reveal how AIM2-like receptors, known to alarm the immune system in response to cytosolic DNA, also bind nuclear DNA and impede DNA damage repair by interfering with chromatin decompaction. This study shows that AIM2-like receptor deficiency protects against radiation-induced tissue injury and uncovers AIM2-like receptors as potential targets against genotoxic tissue damage. In Project III we describe a novel role of aspirin, a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug, in facilitating DNA repair. Through acetylation of histones and chromatin remodeling aspirin promotes recruitment of DNA repair machinery to DNA damage sites. In Project IV we show that membrane vesicles secreted by gut microbiota prime the innate immune system, which in turn protects the host against viral infections. Research presented in this thesis provides a deeper understanding of how host genetic traits and environmental factors such as gut microbiota regulate the host’s defense systems. Moreover, the projects described herein demonstrate how molecules, traditionally associated with either innate immunity or DNA repair, have dual functions that bridge these two fundamental biological processes. By identifying mechanisms bridging these responses, the findings described in this thesis shed light on how an imbalance in these defense systems contributes to the development of pathology and provides the basis for identifying new therapeutic strategies for treatments of diseases associated with inflammation and DNA damage
Women's paths to authority positions in Sweden and Germany
No full textDespite advancements in gender equality, women remain underrepresented in authority positions across most labor markets, as consistently reported in previous studies. This thesis examines gender disparities in access to supervisory roles in Sweden and Germany—two countries with differing welfare state models and labor market structures. Using individuallevel data from the European Social Survey (2010/2011) with a sample of 1,895 employees, this study employs binary logistic regression with two main objectives: to examine gender differences in the likelihood of attaining authority positions within Sweden and Germany, and in a cross-country comparison of women's experiences, and to assess the explanatory power of human capital, family, and employment-related factors in shaping these disparities. The findings reveal that women are significantly less likely than men to hold supervisory positions in both countries, with women in Germany more likely to hold authority positions than women in Sweden. Additionally, the gender gap is larger in Sweden than in Germany. However, the explanatory power of human capital, family, and employment-related factors for the gender gap in authority positions and differences between women across countries was minimal. While employment-related factors had some impact on the gender gap, their influence across countries was limited. Further research is suggested, particularly by incorporating macro-level factors, to better understand gender disparities in authority positions across these two regimes